Mastitis may be caused by a wide range of microorganisms able to induce distinct lesions in mammary tissues. This study aims to characterize the gross and microscopic features of mastitis in dairy ...cows and to correlate them with the pathogens involved. The udders of slaughtered dairy cows were inspected and milk samples from each mammary quarter or fragments of the parenchyma were sent for microbiological analysis, and tissue collected for histopathological evaluation. A total of 148 cows and 592 mammary quarters were collected. From these, 432 quarters (73%) had mastitis and in 160 (27%), no changes were observed. Mastitis was classified into seven patterns based on the histopathological findings, of which mixed, lymphoplasmacytic, and suppurative mastitides were the most prevalent with 35.9% (155/432), 27.1% (117/432), and 14.3% (62/432) of the cases, respectively. These patterns were associated with the same set of pathogens:
Streptococcus
spp., coagulase-negative
Staphylococcus
(CNS),
Staphylococcus aureus
,
Streptococcus agalactiae
,
Streptococcus uberis
, and
Corynebacterium bovis
. The pyogranulomatous pattern represented 7.2% (31/432) of the cases with distinct distribution based on the agent involved, mostly
S
.
aureus
and
Nocardia
sp. Abscedative mastitis accounted for 6.0% (26/432) of the cases; it was characterized by multiple abscesses in the parenchyma and was mainly caused by
Trueperella pyogenes
. Necrosuppurative mastitis represented 5.8% (25/432) of the cases which were characterized by severe parenchyma necrosis and were caused by bacteria such as CNS and
Escherichia coli
. The granulomatous pattern represented 3.7% (16/432) of the cases and was occasionally associated with
Mycobacterium
sp.
Feline injection site sarcoma (FISS) is a mesenchymal neoplasm with highly malignant characteristics. These tumours originate in anatomical sites where there has been previous parenteral ...administration of medicinal substances or implantation of medical devices. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological and pathological features associated with FISS in the southern region of Brazil. The database of the Department of Veterinary Pathology of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul was searched for excisional and incisional biopsy samples compatible with FISS submitted between 2007 and 2017. Biopsy reports were reviewed and epidemiological information, including breed, age and sex of affected cats, as well as gross findings including anatomical location and size of the tumour and the presence of tissue invasion, were extracted. Eighty-nine samples were selected based on the established criteria. Most animals were of undefined breed and were female cats with a median age of 10 years. Grossly, 84.8% of the tumours were >2 cm in diameter. Regarding anatomical location, 34.9% of the tumours were located in the subcutaneous tissue of the thoracic wall, 29.2% in the flank, 21.3% in the interscapular region and 14.6% in the limbs. Histologically, the tumours originated in the subcutaneous tissue and were diagnosed as malignant mesenchymal neoplasms. Most were compatible with fibrosarcomas, but variants with features of pleomorphic sarcoma or chondrosarcoma were recognized. All tumours exhibited areas of necrosis and peripheral inflammatory infiltrate, composed predominantly of lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages. The results of this study suggest the need for dissemination of information on FISS epidemiology and guidelines for management of this tumour to veterinarians in the region.
Single- and double-differential cross-section measurements are presented for the production of top-quark pairs, in the lepton + jets channel at particle and parton level. Two topologies, resolved and ...boosted, are considered and the results are presented as a function of several kinematic variables characterising the top and
t
t
¯
system and jet multiplicities. The study was performed using data from
pp
collisions at centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected in 2015 and 2016 by the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC), corresponding to an integrated luminosity of
36
fb
-
1
. Due to the large
t
t
¯
cross-section at the LHC, such measurements allow a detailed study of the properties of top-quark production and decay, enabling precision tests of several Monte Carlo generators and fixed-order Standard Model predictions. Overall, there is good agreement between the theoretical predictions and the data.
We report on the search for dark matter weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) in the mass range below 10 GeV=c2 from the analysis of the entire dataset acquired with a low-radioactivity argon ...target by the DarkSide-50 experiment at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso. The new analysis benefits from more accurate calibration of the detector response, improved background model, and better determination of systematic uncertainties, allowing us to accurately model the background rate and spectra down to 0.06 keVer. A 90% C.L. exclusion limit for the spin-independent cross section of 3 GeV=c2 mass WIMP on nucleons is set at 6 × 10-43 cm2, about a factor 10 better than the previous DarkSide-50 limit. This analysis extends the exclusion region for spin-independent dark matter interactions below the current experimental constraints in the 1.2, 3.6 GeV=c2 WIMP mass range.
The results of a search for electroweakino pair production
p
p
→
χ
~
1
±
χ
~
2
0
in which the chargino (
χ
~
1
±
) decays into a
W
boson and the lightest neutralino (
χ
~
1
0
), while the heavier ...neutralino (
χ
~
2
0
) decays into the Standard Model 125 GeV Higgs boson and a second
χ
~
1
0
are presented. The signal selection requires a pair of
b
-tagged jets consistent with those from a Higgs boson decay, and either an electron or a muon from the
W
boson decay, together with missing transverse momentum from the corresponding neutrino and the stable neutralinos. The analysis is based on data corresponding to 139
fb
-
1
of
s
=
13
TeV
pp
collisions provided by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded by the ATLAS detector. No statistically significant evidence of an excess of events above the Standard Model expectation is found. Limits are set on the direct production of the electroweakinos in simplified models, assuming pure wino cross-sections. Masses of
χ
~
1
±
/
χ
~
2
0
up to 740 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level for a massless
χ
~
1
0
.
The inclusive top quark pair (
t
t
¯
) production cross-section
σ
t
t
¯
has been measured in proton–proton collisions at
s
=
13
TeV
, using 36.1 fb
-
1
of data collected in 2015–2016 by the ATLAS ...experiment at the LHC. Using events with an opposite-charge
e
μ
pair and
b
-tagged jets, the cross-section is measured to be:
σ
t
t
¯
=
826.4
±
3.6
(
stat
)
±
11.5
(
syst
)
±
15.7
(
lumi
)
±
1.9
(
beam
)
pb
,
where the uncertainties reflect the limited size of the data sample, experimental and theoretical systematic effects, the integrated luminosity, and the LHC beam energy, giving a total uncertainty of 2.4%. The result is consistent with theoretical QCD calculations at next-to-next-to-leading order. It is used to determine the top quark pole mass via the dependence of the predicted cross-section on
m
t
pole
, giving
m
t
pole
=
173
.
1
-
2.1
+
2.0
GeV
. It is also combined with measurements at
s
=
7
TeV
and
s
=
8
TeV
to derive ratios and double ratios of
t
t
¯
and
Z
cross-sections at different energies. The same event sample is used to measure absolute and normalised differential cross-sections as functions of single-lepton and dilepton kinematic variables, and the results are compared with predictions from various Monte Carlo event generators.
This study evaluated the effects of curcumin and/or insulin on antioxidant enzyme activity in blood, liver, and kidney, as well as on lipid peroxidation and delta aminolevulinic dehydratase (δ-ALA-D) ...activity, and a histopathological analysis of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The animals were divided into six groups (
n
= 6): control/saline (C); control/curcumin (CCur); diabetic/saline (D); diabetic/insulin (DIns); diabetic/curcumin (DCur); and diabetic/insulin/curcumin (DInsCur). After 30 days of treatment with curcumin and/or insulin, the animals were sacrificed and the liver, kidney, and serum were used for experimental determinations. Results of histopathological analysis showed that the treatment with insulin ameliorate renal and hepatic lesions from both DIns and DInsCur groups. TBARS levels were significantly increased in serum, liver, and kidney in D group and the administration of curcumin and insulin prevented this increase in DIns and DCur groups. The activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase, and δ-ALA-D presented a significant decrease in the liver and kidney D group when compared to C group (
P
< 0.05). The animals treated with curcumin and insulin presented an increase of CAT activity, revealing a positive interaction between both substances. The treatments with curcumin or insulin prevented oxidative stress in blood, through modulation of enzymatic antioxidant defenses. These findings contributed to the comprehension that antioxidants from medicinal plants could be used as adjuvant in the treatment of this endocrinopathy and not as single therapy.
A
bstract
A search for Higgs boson pair production via vector-boson fusion (VBF) in the
b
b
¯
b
b
¯
final state is carried out with the ATLAS experiment using 126 fb
−
1
of proton- proton collision ...data delivered at
s
= 13 TeV by the Large Hadron Collider. This search is sensitive to VBF production of additional heavy bosons that may decay into Higgs boson pairs, and in a non-resonant topology it can constrain the quartic coupling between the Higgs bosons and vector bosons. No significant excess relative to the Standard Model expectation is observed, and limits on the production cross-section are set at the 95% confidence level for a heavy scalar resonance in the context of an extended Higgs sector, and for non-resonant Higgs boson pair production. Interpretation in terms of the coupling between a Higgs boson pair and two vector bosons is also provided: coupling values normalised to the Standard Model expectation of
κ
2
V
< −
0
.
76 and
κ
2
V
>
2
.
90 are excluded at the 95% confidence level in data.
Several models of physics beyond the Standard Model predict the existence of dark photons, light neutral particles decaying into collimated leptons or light hadrons. This paper presents a search for ...long-lived dark photons produced from the decay of a Higgs boson or a heavy scalar boson and decaying into displaced collimated Standard Model fermions. The search uses data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb
-
1
collected in proton–proton collisions at
s
=
13
Te
recorded in 2015–2016 with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The observed number of events is consistent with the expected background, and limits on the production cross section times branching fraction as a function of the proper decay length of the dark photon are reported. A cross section times branching fraction above 4 pb is excluded for a Higgs boson decaying into two dark photons for dark-photon decay lengths between 1.5 mm and 307 mm.
To assess the properties of the quark–gluon plasma formed in ultrarelativistic ion collisions, the ATLAS experiment at the LHC measures a correlation between the mean transverse momentum and the flow ...harmonics. The analysis uses data samples of lead–lead and proton–lead collisions obtained at the centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of 5.02 TeV, corresponding to total integrated luminosities of
22
μ
b
-
1
and
28
nb
-
1
, respectively. The measurement is performed using a modified Pearson correlation coefficient with the charged-particle tracks on an event-by-event basis. The modified Pearson correlation coefficients for the 2nd-, 3rd-, and 4th-order flow harmonics are measured in the lead–lead collisions as a function of event centrality quantified as the number of charged particles or the number of nucleons participating in the collision. The measurements are performed for several intervals of the charged-particle transverse momentum. The correlation coefficients for all studied harmonics exhibit a strong centrality evolution, which only weakly depends on the charged-particle momentum range. In the proton–lead collisions, the modified Pearson correlation coefficient measured for the 2nd-order flow harmonics shows only weak centrality dependence. The lead-lead data is qualitatively described by the predictions based on the hydrodynamical model.
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