Zn‐doped YIG was prepared using the sol–gel method with TGA measurements showing the phase formation between 900 and 1000 °C. XRD analysis showed close to 1100 °C the formation of Franklinite phase, ...coexisting with the cubic YIG. Y3(Fe1–xZnx)5O12 samples with different Zn concentrations (x = 0, 0.01, 0.03, and 0.05) were prepared and analyzed for a magnetic study. A decrease in magnetic moment of the samples was confirmed on increasing the concentration of Zn ions. This decrease is due to the substitution of Fe ions by Zn. This also confirmed the results of XRD showing the linear increase in the lattice parameter. Fittings by Bloch's law shows results compared with those already reported in the literature. The exponent and constant for the Bloch law presented similar values to those reported for YIG doped with other ions. We obtained the parameter α ∼10−6 K−n with n close to 1.9 for all samples.
Most gluteal teratomas reported in the literature are lateralised sacrococcygeal teratomas. These tumours derive from more than one embryonic germ cell layer, and are usually diagnosed in infancy. We ...report a case of a large unilateral teratoma protruding through the left gluteus skin of a 2-year-old girl, anterior to the sacrum and coccyx. A complete excision of the tumour was achieved.
Purpose To determine if a difference exists in brake reaction time (BRT) before and after hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and labral tear compared with age- and gender-matched ...controls. Methods Consecutive adult subjects undergoing primary hip arthroscopy were eligible for this prospective investigation. Individuals with symptomatic FAI and labral tear that underwent hip arthroscopy with minimum 8 weeks follow-up were included. BRT was measured using the RT-2S reaction time tester a maximum of 6 weeks preoperatively and every 2 weeks postoperatively for 8 weeks. Sit-to-stand test (STST) was measured at each BRT testing session. An age- and gender-matched control group without hip or lower extremity symptoms were selected and completed both BRT and STST. Continuous pre- and postoperative BRT values were compared with Mann-Whitney and analyses of variance. Association of BRT and STST tests was performed with Spearman correlation. An a priori sample size calculation determined that minimally 18 subjects per group (surgery group vs control group) were necessary to detect, with 80% power (difference of 0.2 seconds in BRT). Results Nineteen subjects (age 37.1 ± 12.7 years, 10 women, 11 right hip) were analyzed. All subjects underwent arthroscopic labral repair and FAI correction. There was no difference between preoperative (604 ± 148 milliseconds ms) and postoperative (608 ms 2 weeks; 566 ms 4 weeks; 559 ms 6 weeks; 595 ms 8 weeks) BRT. There was no difference between controls and subjects at any time point. There was a strong negative correlation between BRT and STST preoperatively and at 4 and 6 weeks postoperatively and a moderate negative correlation at 2 weeks postoperatively. Conclusions After hip arthroscopy for FAI and labral tear, BRT is not different from preoperative values or that of controls. In addition, BRT had a significant correlation with STST in the first 6 weeks after surgery. Level of Evidence Level II, diagnostic, prospective.
Diversity in the by-catch communities from the pelagic ecosystem in the tropical tuna purse seine fishery has been poorly studied. This study uses different biodiversity measures to compare drifting ...fish aggregating devices (FADs) and Free School sets (sets made on schools of tuna) of the Western Indian Ocean. Data was collected from observer programs carried out by the European Union between 2003 and 2010 on board Spanish and French fleets. Alpha (species diversity of a particular area) and Beta diversity (difference in species composition between different areas) was analyzed to assess differences in the number of species, abundances and the species composition between areas and fishing modes. Generalized additive models were undertaken to explore which geographical/environmental variables explain the distribution of species richness index and Shannon diversity index in both fishing modes. Results showed that by-catch species in FAD communities may be used as observatories of surface pelagic biodiversity in combination with Free School communities. FAD communities were more diverse with higher number of species (74 species) and evenly distributed than Free School communities (56 species). However, environmental variables played a more important role in Free School communities. Somalia area and Mozambique Channel were the areas with highest biodiversity rates in both fishing modes. This work contributed for the future implementation of the EAFM to manage the pelagic ecosystem in a holistic and more integrated way.
Abstract Introduction Those suicide attempters that choose violent methods dramatically diminish the possibility of survival. Completed suicide using violent means, which is common among first-time ...suicide attempters, was recently found to be more likely among T allele carriers in the three most common ABCB1 SNPs, encoding for P-gp. Thus, this study examined, for the first time, whether these ABCB1 SNPs were associated with the use of violent means among survivors of a suicide attempt. Material and methods Suicide attempters (n = 578, 87.4% women; of whom 16.6% committed a violent intent) were genotyped for exonic SNPs in the ABCB1 (C1236T, G2677T/A, C3435T). The relations of the three genotypes and of the TTT haplotype with the use of a violent suicide method were evaluated separately. The impact of confounds on these variables was controlled. Results A higher frequency ( p = 0.02) of suicide attempters using violent methods was found among those carrying the ABCB1 haplotype (1236TT-2677TT-3435TT). Since gender and number of previous suicide attempts were identified as confounds, the relation was tested in the subset of women who were first-time attempters or second- and more-time attempters. The ABCB1 haplotype increased the risk more than three times in those women attempting a violent suicide for the first time (OR = 3.6; CI95%: 1.08–12.09; p = 0.04). Discussion The ABCB1 haplotype (1236TT-2677TT-3435TT) was related to the use of a violent suicide attempt method. Genotyping for these three ABCB1 SNPs may be helpful to detect people at risk of first suicide intents using violent methods.
The objective of this study was to evaluate Candida oral colonization in human immunodeficiency virus (HlV)-infected patients undergoing long-term highly active antiretroviral therapy (ARV). The ...cross-sectional study included 331 HIV patients, diagnosed from 1983 to 2003. Oral swabs were performed, and Candida species were determined using ID 32C. Isolates were tested for antifungal susceptibility. Clinical and laboratory data were collected to identify the association with Candida colonization. In total, 161 Candida isolates were detected among 147 of the 331 patients (44%), independently of the time when HIV infection was diagnosed. Candida albicans strains represented 137 (85%) of the isolates, and were susceptible to all of the tested antifungal drugs. Among the non-C. albicans strains, six isolates were dose-dependently susceptible to fluconazole, nine to itraconazole, and seven to ketoconazole. The isolation of Candida was significantly higher in patients with virological failure (83/147; p 0.0002) and CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts <200 cells/mm3 (30/83; p 0.0003). Recovery of Candida in the oral cavity was independent of protease inhibitor (PI) usage (p 0.60). Colonized patients typically underwent salvage therapy (p 0.003), and had more episodes of opportunistic fungal infections (p 0.046) and malignancies (p 0.004). Oral Candida colonization in patients under ARV therapy was associated with the immunosupressed status of HIV-infected patients, i.e. low number of CD4+ T-cells per cubic millimetre, failure of ARV therapy (salvage therapy), and higher number of opportunistic infections and malignancies. Despite the fact that Pls have in vitro antifungal activity, the use of this class of antiretroviral agent did not influence the presence of Candida in the oral cavity of AIDS patients.
Keratomycosis or mycotic keratitis is recognized as one of the major causes of ophthalmic morbidity worldwide. The most common organisms linked to keratomycosis include Candida spp., Fusarium spp., ...and Aspergillus spp. However, varieties of saprobic fungi have been reported as causative agents of keratomycosis. Amongst these are members of the genus Colletotrichum. Herein we present the first reported case of C. chlorophyti infection in a post-corneal transplant patient, suggesting an increasing role for Colletotrichum species as emerging human pathogens, particularly in the transplant population.
•Keratomycosis is a major cause of ophthalmic morbidity and blindness worldwide.•Colletotrichum spp are increasingly recognized as etiologic agents of keratomycosis.•This is the first report of human infection by Colletotrichum chlorophyti.•Differentiation among the Colletotrichum species is phenotypically difficult, requiring further characterization at a molecular level.
South Granada Health Area (SGHA), Spain.
To describe the characteristics of concomitant tuberculosis (TB) and lung cancer cases.
A total of 319 TB cases diagnosed between January 2003 and December ...2010 were evaluated and identified using a prospective database. During this period, samples of bronchial secretions were obtained from all patients who underwent fibreoptic bronchoscopy (FBS) as part of a TB screening programme. A descriptive study was conducted.
Concomitant TB and lung cancer were diagnosed in 15 cases (4.7% of total TB cases). The most common radiographic finding was atelectasis (53.3%), and the most common histological type was epidermoid carcinoma (60%). Lung cancer stage was advanced (III-IV) in 60% of the cases.
The association between TB and lung cancer found in the SGHA after implementing a TB screening programme was higher than in other studies. This suggests that it would be advisable to perform acid-fast bacilli smear and mycobacterial culture of bronchial aspirates in all patients with presumed lung cancer, particularly in high TB prevalence areas.
PDF
