The LHCb experiment is designed to study flavor physics of b and c quarks. The detector is optimized for the study of identified hadrons produced in the forward direction, which also makes LHCb very ...interesting for the understanding of cosmic-ray induced air showers. LHCb is analysing proton-proton, protonlead, and lead-lead collisions. As a unique feature, LHCb is also studying beam interactions with noble gases using its SMOG system. We present recent measurements of charmed mesons, which are used to obtain production cross-sections, to constrain the parton PDF, to test pomeron and multi-particle interactions, nuclear and collective effects. These mostly have an indirect impact on the modeling of hadronic interactions. Finally, we present a direct measurement of the anti-proton production in proton collisions with helium gas, which are important for the understanding of AMS-02 and PAMELA data.
The LHCb experiment is designed to study flavor physics of b and c quarks. The detector is optimized for the study of identified hadrons produced in the forward direction, which also makes LHCb very ...interesting for the understanding of cosmic-ray induced air showers. LHCb is analysing proton-proton, protonlead, and lead-lead collisions. As a unique feature, LHCb is also studying beam interactions with noble gases using its SMOG system. We present recent measurements of charmed mesons, which are used to obtain production cross-sections, to constrain the parton PDF, to test pomeron and multi-particle interactions, nuclear and collective effects. These mostly have an indirect impact on the modeling of hadronic interactions. Finally, we present a direct measurement of the anti-proton production in proton collisions with helium gas, which are important for the understanding of AMS-02 and PAMELA data.
We discuss a non-parametric algorithm to unfold detector effects from one-dimensional data distributions. Unfolding is performed by fitting a flexible spline model to the data using an unbinned ...maximum-likelihood method while employing a smooth regularisation that maximises the relative entropy of the solution with respect to an a priori guess. A regularisation weight is picked automatically such that it minimises the mean integrated squared error of the fit. The algorithm scales to large data sets by employing an adaptive binning scheme in regions of high density. An estimate of the uncertainty of the solution is provided and shown to be accurate by studying the frequentist properties of the algorithm in Monte-Carlo simulations. The simulations show that the regularisation bias decreases as the sample size increases.
The Pierre Auger Observatory, located in the Province of Mendoza, Argentina, is the World's largest detector for cosmic rays at ultra-high energies. In its seven years of operation it has collected ...an exposure of more than 20000 km2 sr yr, larger than all previous experiments combined. Its original design, optimized for the energy range 1018 eV to 1020 eV, is currently enhanced to cover energies down to almost 1017 eV. We give an overview of the latest results with a focus on the prospect to study nuclear interactions with cosmic rays and conclude with a brief outlook on developments and extensions of the observatory.Full author list
The Forward Physics Facility (FPF) is a proposal to create a cavern with the space and infrastructure to support a suite of far-forward experiments at the Large Hadron Collider during the High ...Luminosity era. Located along the beam collision axis and shielded from the interaction point by at least 100 m of concrete and rock, the FPF will house experiments that will detect particles outside the acceptance of the existing large LHC experiments and will observe rare and exotic processes in an extremely low-background environment. In this work, we summarize the current status of plans for the FPF, including recent progress in civil engineering in identifying promising sites for the FPF and the experiments currently envisioned to realize the FPF’s physics potential. We then review the many Standard Model and new physics topics that will be advanced by the FPF, including searches for long-lived particles, probes of dark matter and dark sectors, high-statistics studies of TeV neutrinos of all three flavors, aspects of perturbative and non-perturbative QCD, and high-energy astroparticle physics.
A cosmic-ray database update: CRDB v4.1 Maurin, David; Ahlers, Markus; Dembinski, Hans ...
The European physical journal. C, Particles and fields,
10/2023, Volume:
83, Issue:
10
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
The cosmic-ray database, CRDB, has been gathering cosmic-ray data for the community since 2013. We present a new release, CRDB v4.1, providing many new quantities and data sets, with several ...improvements made on the code and web interface, and with new visualisation tools. CRDB relies on the MySQL database management system, jquery and table-sorter libraries for queries and sorting, and PHP web pages and AJAX protocol for displays. A REST interface enables user queries from command line or scripts. A new (pip-installable) CRDB python library is developed and extensive jupyter notebook examples are provided. This release contains cosmic-ray dipole anisotropy data, high-energy
p
¯
/
p
upper limits, some unpublished LEE and AESOP lepton time series, many more ultra-high energy data, and a few missing old data sets. It also includes high-precision data from the last three years, in particular the hundreds of thousands AMS-02 and PAMELA data time series (time-dependent plots are now enabled). All these data are shown in a gallery of plots, which can be easily reproduced from the public notebook examples. CRDB contains 316,126 data points from 504 publications, in 4111 sub-experiments from 131 experiments.
A high-energy neutrino event detected by IceCube on 22 September 2017 was coincident in direction and time with a gamma-ray flare from the blazar TXS 0506+056. Prompted by this association, we ...investigated 9.5 years of IceCube neutrino observations to search for excess emission at the position of the blazar. We found an excess of high-energy neutrino events, with respect to atmospheric backgrounds, at that position between September 2014 and March 2015. Allowing for time-variable flux, this constitutes 3.5σ evidence for neutrino emission from the direction of TXS 0506+056, independent of and prior to the 2017 flaring episode. This suggests that blazars are identifiable sources of the high-energy astrophysical neutrino flux.
This note discusses an interpolation technique for univariate distributions. In other words, the question is how to obtain a good approximation for f(x|a) if a0 < a < a1 is a control variable and ...f(x|a0) and f(x|a1) are known. The technique presented here is based on the interpolation of the quantile function, i.e. the inverse of the cumulative density function.
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