Abstract The ornamental kale, scientifically known as Brassica oleracea var. acephala, stands out as an attractive plant admired for its vibrant leaves that grace the winter season. Notably, the ...hybrid KTOK-28-1 × KTOK-40-1 demonstrated the highest embryogenesis rate, yielding 56.12 embryos per Petri dish. This efficiency largely hinges on the characteristics of the donor plants used. Through flow cytometry analysis, approximately 61% of spontaneous doubled haploids (DH) were identified. These individuals exhibited normal flower development and successfully produced seeds when subjected to bud pollination. The compatibility index values exhibited variation among different DH lines, ranging from 1.0 to 13.12. This diversity is promising for the development of superior hybrids. Noteworthy among the DHs were KTDH-52, KTDH-56, and KTDH-57, exhibiting suitability for various horticultural traits. The emergence of these novel DH lines suggests their potential contribution to future breeding programs aimed at producing superior-quality hybrids.
The study elucidated the effect of hot water treatment (HWT) on fungicide residue degradation in apple. Residues were measured by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry ...(LC-MS/MS) during cold storage after HWT (48, 50, 52 and 54 °C for 2, 3, 4 and 5 min) of fruits. The developed method for the mixture of six fungicides (azoxystrobin, carbendizim, dithianon, difenconazole, hexaconazole, tebuconazole) was validated for linearity, specificity, selectivity, accuracy and precision using SANTE (SANTE/2020/12682) guidelines. The results of recovery ranged from 75.18 to 119.17% with 4.19–12.72% relative standard deviation. Increasing HWT temperature and duration yielded a significant reduction in residues (90–98%) in terms of processing factor. HWT of apple at 48 °C/5 min and 50 °C/2 min yielded acceptable quality fruits along with maximum reduction in fungicide residues. Fungicide reduction followed linear relationship and first-order rates. Azoxystrobin and hexaconazole dissipated at a lower rate than dithianon, difenoconazole, carbendazim and tebuconazole.
The present investigation was undertaken in F
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population of 48 crosses, developed by crossing 16 lines (8 gynoecious) and 3 testers during the year 2011. All the parental lines and their F
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...hybrids were evaluated in randomised complete block design for yield and its contributing traits during the year 2012. Experimental results revealed that parental lines LC-1-1, CGN-20953, CGN-19533, Gyne-5, LC-15-5 and testers Japanese Long Green and K-75 were found superior on the basis of mean performance and general combining ability effects. The cross combinations LC-1-1 × K-75 (monoecious), CGN-19533 × K-75 (gynoecious), CGN-20953 × Poinsette (gynoecious), Gyne-5 × K-75 (gynoecious) and LC-3-3 × Poinsette (monoecious) excelled based on per se performance, specific combining ability and heterosis studies. Further, performance of top 10 heterotic hybrids illustrated the presence over dominance effects in all the crosses except in one cross, where no dominance was observed. Gene action studies indicated that non-additive gene action governed all the traits under study, suggesting the importance of heterosis breeding for the development of high yielding stable parthenocarpic gynoecious hybrids in cucumber.
Introduction. Plum cv. Santa Rosa shows climacteric behaviour and grows profitably under sub-temperate conditions in India. After ripening, it has a very limited shelf life (3-4 days) in ambient ...conditions (38 ± 2) °C and at (68 ± 4)% RH. Hence, there is an urgent need to extend its marketability using recent techniques. Materials and methods. Plums were harvested at the pre-climacteric and climacteric stages of maturity and packed with newspaper shreds (control), KMnO4-impregnated chalks, KMnO4-impregnated newspaper shreds or ethylene-absorbent sachets; then they were transported by road to New Delhi. The biochemical and physiological analyses were carried out at 3-day intervals on plums stored in supermarket conditions (20 ± 1) °C and at (90 ± 2)% RH for 15 days. Results and discussion. Untreated fruits had less firmness than those which were packed with ethylene absorbents. The activities of fruit-softening enzymes such as lipoxygenase (LOX), polygalacturonase (PG) and pectin methylesterase (PME) increased rapidly in the control treatment in comparison with plums packed with various ethylene absorbents, the least being either with ethylene-absorbent sachets or with KMnO4-impregnated newspaper shreds. Plums of pre-climacteric and climacteric maturity attained respiration and ethylene evolution peaks on the 9th day and 6th day, respectively. Conclusions. The plums of pre-climacteric and climacteric stages of maturity packed with ethylene-absorbent sachets showed the best results in supermarket conditions in maintaining the firmness, quality and shelf life of plum up to the 12th day and 9th day of storage, respectively. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
Introduction. Plum cv. Santa Rosa shows climacteric behaviour and grows profitably under sub-temperate conditions in India. After ripening, it has a very limited shelf life (3–4 days) in ambient ...conditions (38 ± 2) °C and at (68 ± 4)% RH. Hence, there is an urgent need to extend its marketability using recent techniques. Materials and methods. Plums were harvested at the pre-climacteric and climacteric stages of maturity and packed with newspaper shreds (control), KMnO4-impregnated chalks, KMnO4-impregnated newspaper shreds or ethylene-absorbent sachets; then they were transported by road to New Delhi. The biochemical and physiological analyses were carried out at 3-day intervals on plums stored in supermarket conditions (20 ± 1) °C and at (90 ± 2)% RH for 15 days. Results and discussion. Untreated fruits had less firmness than those which were packed with ethylene absorbents. The activities of fruit-softening enzymes such as lipoxygenase (LOX), polygalacturonase (PG) and pectin methylesterase (PME) increased rapidly in the control treatment in comparison with plums packed with various ethylene absorbents, the least being either with ethylene-absorbent sachets or with KMnO4-impregnated newspaper shreds. Plums of pre-climacteric and climacteric maturity attained respiration and ethylene evolution peaks on the 9th day and 6th day, respectively. Conclusions. The plums of pre-climacteric and climacteric stages of maturity packed with ethylene-absorbent sachets showed the best results in supermarket conditions in maintaining the firmness, quality and shelf life of plum up to the 12th day and 9th day of storage, respectively.
Introduction. La prune japonaise cv. Santa Rosa a un comportement climatérique et se développe bien en conditions sous-tempérées en Inde. Après maturation, elle a une durée de vie très limitée (3–4 jours) dans les conditions ambiantes (38 ± 2) °C et (68 ± 4) % RH. Il serait donc urgent d'étendre sa durée de commercialisation à l'aide de techniques récentes. Matériel et méthodes. Des prunes japonaises ont été récoltées aux stades de maturité pré-climatérique et climatérique et emballées avec des lanières de journaux (traitement témoin), des craies imprégnées de KMnO4, des lanières de journaux imprégnées de KMnO4 ou des sachets absorbeurs d'éthylène, puis elles ont été transportées par la route à New Delhi. Des analyses biochimique et physiologique ont été effectuées à 3 jours d'intervalle sur les prunes stockées dans des conditions de supermarchés (20 ± 1) °C et (90 ± 2)% RH pendant 15 jours. Résultats et discussion. Les fruits sans absorbeurs d’éthylène ont été moins fermes que ceux qui ont été emballés avec des matériaux absorbeurs d'éthylène. Les activités des enzymes de ramollissement des fruits comme la lipoxygénase (LOX), la polygalacturonase (PG) et la pectine méthylestérase (PME) ont augmenté rapidement dans les fruits témoins par rapport à ceux qui avaient été emballés avec les différents matériaux absorbeurs d'éthylène, ces activités étant moindres pour les prunes emballées soit avec les sachets d’absorbeurs d'éthylène, soit avec des lanières de journaux imprégnées de KMnO4. Les prunes aux stades de maturité pré-climatérique et climatérique ont atteint leurs pics de respiration et d’évolution de l'éthylène le 9e jour et 6e jour, respectivement. Conclusion. Les prunes japonaises récoltées à des stades de maturité pré-climatérique et climatérique, emballées en présence de sachets absorbeurs d'éthylène et stockées en conditions de supermarchés, ont donné les meilleurs résultats pour le maintien de la fermeté, de la qualité et de la durée de vie des fruits jusqu'au 12e jour et 9e jour de stockage, respectivement.
Introducción. La ciruela japonesa cv. Santa Rosa tiene un comportamiento climatérico y se desarrolla bien en condiciones subtempladas de la India. Después de su maduración, tiene una vida útil muy limitada (3–4 días) en las condiciones ambientales (38 ± 2) °C y (68 ± 4)% RH. Por lo tanto, sería urgente alargar su tiempo de conservación con ayuda de técnicas recientes. Material y métodos. Se cosecharon ciruelas japonesas en los estados de madurez preclimatérico y climatérico; y, se envolvieron en trozos de papel de periódico (tratamiento testigo), en tizas impregnadas de KMnO4, en trozos de papel de periódico impregnados de KMnO4 o en bolsas absorbedoras de etileno; a continuación, fueron transportadas por carretera hacia Nueva Delhi. Se efectuaron, con un intervalo de 3 días, un análisis bioquímico y uno fisiológico en las ciruelas almacenadas en condiciones de supermercado (20 ± 1) °C y (90 ± 2)% RH durante 15 días. Resultados y discusión. Los frutos sin absorbedores de etileno resultaron menos consistentes aquéllos envueltos con materiales absorbedores de etileno. Las actividades de las enzimas de reblandecimiento de los frutos, tales como la lipoxigenasa (LOX), la poligalacturonasa (PG) y la pectinmetilesterasa (PME), aumentaron rápidamente en los frutos testigo, en relación con los frutos envueltos con diferentes materiales absorbedores de etileno. Estas actividades fueron menores en las ciruelas envueltas con bolsas de absorbedores de etileno o con trozos de papel impregnado de KMnO4. Las ciruelas en los estados de madurez preclimatérico y climatérico alcanzaron sus picos de respiración y de evolución del etileno el 9º día y el 6º día, respectivamente. Conclusión. Las ciruelas japonesas cosechadas en los estados de madurez preclimatérico y climatérico, envueltas en presencia de bolsas absorbedoras de etileno y almacenadas en condiciones de supermercado, ofrecieron los mejores resultados en cuanto al mantenimiento de la consistencia, de la calidad y de la vida útil de los frutos, hasta el 12º día y el 9º día de almacenamiento, respectivamente.
The conservation of biodiversity has been a matter of serious concern all over the world. Regions of the world with rapidly changing land use and economies require transdisciplinary focus to ...adequately address today’s challenges for conservation, local livelihoods, and development. Himalayan ecosystem sustainability is vital for the employment of approximately 1.3 billion people in Asia. The Indian Himalayan Region (IHR) are special for their natural geological wealth, forest, flora, fauna and biodiversity, snow, ice and water bodies, traditional knowledge, and mountain agriculture. It is now widely accepted that the rich and diverse Himalayan ecosystem is fragile. The regions are predominantly populated by local societies. Live in biodiversity wealthy regions of the country, the neighboring mountainous communities are dependent upon biodiversity for meeting their livelihood security. Hence, sustaining biodiversity in the mountain region also means defending the benefit of the people. Recognition of the Himalayas as one of 34 global biodiversity hotspots aptly reflects its wide-ranging ecological significance. Societies across the world have had long-standing traditions of using and caring for nature, but the formal, mainstream, and largely western ‘conservation movement’ is only about 120 years old. Biocultural approaches to conservation represent a synthesis of theory across multiple fields linked to biodiversity conservation, including social-ecological systems thinking, commons theory, bio-cultural diversity and heritage, indigenous natural resource management and traditional ecological knowledge, and different models of participatory and people-centered conservation. This synthesis points to the potential for pluralistic, partnership-based, and dynamic approaches to guide conservation processes.
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