According to Global North urban studies, the traditional low-rise mixed-function perimeter block is the most attractive urban morphology in terms of organization of space, time, values, and social ...interactions. This study examines how valid these basic theses are regarding the comfort of urban housing morphological types in Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine. We compare residents’ quality of life and analyse the differences in residents’ behavioural patterns and spatial perception in different morphological types of housing to identify distinguishing features of the most comfortable urban form. Using expert evaluation and surveys, we assess history; jobs; social, educational, and cultural services; environmental indicators; security levels; and public activity in three different neighbourhoods: Zhulyany (with detached houses), Podil (with low-rise perimeter blocks), and Rusanivka (with Soviet high-rises). The results reveal that the Soviet neighbourhood, Rusanivka, leads in terms of both objective indicators and residents’ perception as the most comfortable living area. This finding contradicts generally accepted theories about exemplary and attractive urban morphology. This preference is based on the planning and construction priorities of the unique social system of Rusanivka, where its human-centeredness and a thoughtful integrated approach are highly valued
Urbanistične raziskave, opravljene na globalnem severu, kažejo, da je z vidika organizacije časa in prostora, vrednot in družbenih stikov tradicionalni polodprti stavbni blok nizke zazidave z ...mešanimi funkcijami najprivlačnejši morfološki tip stanovanjske gradnje v mestih. Avtorji v članku proučujejo, ali osnovne urbanistične hipoteze glede udobnosti bivanja na stanovanjskih območjih različnih morfoloških tipov veljajo tudi za ukrajinsko prestolnico. Primerjajo kakovost življenja ter analizirajo razlike v vedenjskih vzorcih in zaznavah prostora prebivalcev različnih tipov stanovanjskih območij, da bi opredelili glavne značilnosti najudobnejše oblike stanovanjske soseske. Na podlagi ankete in strokovnih ocen proučujejo zgodovino, delovna mesta, družbene, izobraževalne in kulturne storitve, okoljske kazalnike, stopnjo varnosti in sodelovanje javnosti v treh stanovanjskih soseskah v mestu: v Žuljanyju, Podilu in Rusanivki. Žuljany je naselje prostostoječih enostanovanjskih hiš, Podil je soseska s polodprtimi stavbnimi bloki nizke zazidave, Rusanivka pa je primer sovjetske modernistične visoke blokovske zazidave. Izsledki raziskave kažejo, da je na podlagi objektivnih kazalnikov in mnenj prebivalcev Rusanivka najudobnejše stanovanjsko območje v mestu, kar se ne ujema s splošno sprejetimi teorijami o najbolj zglednih in najprivlačnejših morfoloških tipih mestne stanovanjske gradnje. Privlačnost omenjene soseske je posledica njenih načrtovalskih in gradbenih značilnosti, zlasti osredotočenosti na človeka ter dobro premišljenega in celostnega načrtovalskega pristopa.
Urbanistične raziskave, opravljene na globalnem severu, kažejo, da je z vidika organizacije časa in prostora, vrednot in družbenih stikov tradicionalni polodprti stavbni blok nizke zazidave z ...mešanimi funkcijami najprivlačnejši morfološki tip stanovanjske gradnje v mestih. Avtorji v članku proučujejo, ali osnovne urbanistične hipoteze glede udobnosti bivanja na stanovanjskih območjih različnih morfoloških tipov veljajo tudi za ukrajinsko prestolnico. Primerjajo kakovost življenja ter analizirajo razlike v vedenjskih vzorcih in zaznavah prostora prebivalcev različnih tipov stanovanjskih območij, da bi opredelili glavne značilnosti najudobnejše oblike stanovanjske soseske. Na podlagi ankete in strokovnih ocen proučujejo zgodovino, delovna mesta, družbene, izobraževalne in kulturne storitve, okoljske kazalnike, stopnjo varnosti in sodelovanje javnosti v treh stanovanjskih soseskah v mestu: v Žuljanyju, Podilu in Rusanivki. Žuljany je naselje prostostoječih enostanovanjskih hiš, Podil je soseska s polodprtimi stavbnimi bloki nizke zazidave, Rusanivka pa je primer sovjetske modernistične visoke blokovske zazidave. Izsledki raziskave kažejo, da je na podlagi objektivnih kazalnikov in mnenj prebivalcev Rusanivka najudobnejše stanovanjsko območje v mestu, kar se ne ujema s splošno sprejetimi teorijami o najbolj zglednih in najprivlačnejših morfoloških tipih mestne stanovanjske gradnje. Privlačnost omenjene soseske je posledica njenih načrtovalskih in gradbenih značilnosti, zlasti osredotočenosti na človeka ter dobro premišljenega in celostnega načrtovalskega pristopa.
Loss of drilling fluid in wells is one of the most important drilling challenges. To prevent this problem an insulation of borehole wall is requiring. The results of study of an innovative technology ...of isolation of borehole using a new thermomechanical plugging material are presented herein. The material considered is solid composite consisting secondary polyethylene terephthalate and gravel. Theoretically and experimentally shown the possibility to use this material to borehole isolation. The technology of manufacturing and isolation of absorbing horizons by thermomechanical material has been developed. Dependence of the regime parameters of thethermomechanical process melting of material on the thermophysical properties and technical characteristics was established. Dependence of the penetrating ability of material melt on the fractures was established. The results of work can be used to recommend technology parameters providing the efficient melting rate.
Pulmonary vein (PV) sleeves are established as the main substrate taking part in the mechanisms of atrial fibrillation (AF) initiation. However, we have extremely few data concerning their ...physiological role in the heart contractility. The aim of the study was to estimate the mechanical function of the left atrium (LA) and PV sleeves before and early after their isolation.
A total of 17 patients with a mean age of 57.4±8.3 years who underwent PVs isolation due to AF were enrolled in the study. A day before the procedure a computed tomography (CT) of the LA and PVs and dopplerography of transmitral flow were performed. During the procedure the mechanical function of the LA and PV sleeves were estimated by transesophageal echocardiography and manometry in the left heart chambers.
During the invasive study the patterns of the heart chambers and PV sleeves pressure were identified. These patterns confirmed the active role of the PV sleeves in LA filling and active LA relaxation during left ventricular systole. After PV isolation an alteration of transmitral blood flow and increase of LA pressure were registered. However, diastolic dysfunction was ruled out by LV manometry, thereby testifying LA mechanical function disturbance. The change in PV hemodynamics also occurred as a result of the decrease in PV sleeves contractility, revealed by manometry and paired CT scans.
The PVs take an active part in left atrial filling by contraction of their sleeves. Antrum isolation of the PVs leads to the deterioration of their contractility and LA reservoir function.
The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of pulmonary vein antrum isolation (PVAI), extended PVAI and ganglionic plexi (GP) ablation in persistent AF.
One hundred and twenty patients 56.2 ± ...8.8 years old were randomized into three groups: GP ablation (n = 37), PVAI (n = 42), and extended PVAI (n = 41). The following parameters were studied: sinus rhythm restoration, vagal reactions, fluoroscopy time, procedure duration, lesion surface area. In 16 months after the procedure, echocardiography and Holter monitoring were performed.
Significant differences were found in the amount of X-ray exposure, procedure duration, lesion surface area and vagal reactions. In all the cases, atrial mechanical function worsened after the procedure. However, there were no significant differences between the groups. Sixteen months after the procedure, sinus rhythm without antiarrhythmic therapy was maintained in 38% of patients in GP group, in 56% of patients in PVAI group and in 69% of patients in extended PVAI group.
In persistent AF, the extended PVAI is more effective than PVAI and GP ablation. After the PVAI or extended PVAI, abnormalities of the left atrial mechanical function occurred if the lesion area exceeded 25% of the total LA surface area.
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