The Zionist magazine Židov was published every Friday from 1917 to 1941 in Zagreb and was the only such magazine in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. In addition to reports on socio-political events in ...Yugoslavia, Palestine, Europe, and the world, the magazine also contained various cultural contributions, polemics, advertisements, as well as obituaries, deaths, weddings, births, and other notices. A special column entitled "From Yugoslavia" contained information on the activities of Jewish municipalities in Yugoslavia, regardless of whether these municipalities were of Sephardic or Ashkenazi origin. Ashkenazis were behind the Zionist magazine Jew, but its articles also covered Sephardim. In this paper, the author analyzed the articles received from Bosnia and Herzegovina and published in the magazine Židov between 1917 and 1941.
In this paper, the author offers a brief overview of the memorial heritage that was created/erected/set up in honour of the fallen Austro-Hungarian soldiers of World War I, including Croatian ...citizens from 1914 until today. Based on the extant research, the author presents a categorisation of sites of memory related to World War I and writes about the attitudes of the countries that existed on Croatian soil after the collapse of Austria-Hungary towards these sites up to the present.
The Zionist magazine Židov was published every Friday from 1917 to 1941 in Zagreb and was the only such magazine in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. In addition to reports on socio-political events in ...Yugoslavia, Palestine, Europe, and the world, the magazine also contained various cultural contributions, polemics, advertisements, as well as obituaries, deaths, weddings, births, and other notices. A special column entitled "From Yugoslavia" contained information on the activities of Jewish municipalities in Yugoslavia, regardless of whether these municipalities were of Sephardic or Ashkenazi origin. Ashkenazis were behind the Zionist magazine Jew, but its articles also covered Sephardim. In this paper, the author analyzed the articles received from Bosnia and Herzegovina and published in the magazine Židov between 1917 and 1941.
U članku se na temelju arhivskih izvora, tiska i dostupne literature prikazuje djelovanje vojno-veteranskih društava s prostora bivše banske Hrvatske u međuratnom razdoblju (1918. – 1941.). U svojem ...prikazu autori su se prvenstveno usredotočili na odnos jugoslavenskih vlasti prema hrvatskim vojno-veteranskim društvima, koja su okupljala vojne veterane poražene austrougarske vojske, ali i na odnos radikalnih hrvatskih nacionalista prema tim društvima.
This article reports on research into the activities of Croatian military-veteran societies in the interwar period (1918-1941) in an endeavour to answer the question as to why in present-day Croatia World War I is at the margins of memory, i.e. why it is a forgotten war. Emphasis is placed on the attitude of the Yugoslav government towards the Croatian military-veteran societies, which gathered together military veterans of the defeated Austro-Hungarian army, and also on the attitude of radical Croatian nationalists toward these societies. Research has shown that the Croatian military-veteran societies were chiefly of a local character, whereas Serbian military-veteran societies took in both the Serbian and the Yugoslav state territory. In further analysis, the conclusion was drawn that the cause of the restricted nature of the Croatian military-veteran societies was Croats at the time not having a nation state that was based on the sacrifice of its sons, and so such societies in Croatia had an exclusively humanitarian character; it was not aimed at reviving the glorious Croatian war record in order to unify the Croatian people. Yugoslavia was primarily a state of Serbs, and it drew on the sacrifices of the war, but only those of Serbian soldiers, and any kind of gathering of the Croats and cherishing of the memory of the defeated Austro-Hungarian army was interpreted as an attack on the foundation of the state. This was why the Croatian military-veteran societies in Yugoslavia between the two wars, which had the potential to outgrow their local character, were either banned or forcibly merged with the dominant Serbian societies. At the same time, radical Croatian nationalists were not particularly interested in such societies. Their programme was not based on any going back to the pre-Yugoslav state, but rather on the establishment of an independent Croatian state; hence, they did not consider World War I, when Croats were fighting for and in favour of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, a significant part of their fight.
The legal autonomy in religious and ecclesiastical affairs enjoyed by the Kingdom of Croatia and Slavonia enabled the regulation of the status of Jews. Since representatives of the Croatian Jewish ...communities did not participate in the 1868-69 Hungarian Jewish Congress, its decisions were not formally binding upon them. Nevertheless, the Congress and its outcomes resulted in the separation of the local communities into Orthodox and Neolog ones, and the legal and political resolution of the pending issues pertaining to their split resulted in the application of the Congress's decisions.
The author writes about the quality of life in northwest Croatia, which changed through the centuries and was different in rural and urban areas. Life in northwest Croatia before the beginning of the ...20th century was very hard – poverty was widespread in the villages, families were large, living conditions unfavourable, sewers and waterworks non-existent. Most people worked in agriculture, which was dependent on the climate and weather conditions (which were often bad), while food was monotonous and lacking. Sanitation and hygiene were almost unknown, education was basic or non-existent, and healthcare was minimal. In such conditions, the qualities of live such as exist today were rarely thought or spoken about. With some exceptions, this state of affairs in the countryside lasted almost until the mid-20th century or, in some places, persisted even longer. When compared to the countryside, the quality of life of people residing in cities or towns was somewhat different. Such people also didn’t think much about quality of life, but they did take steps to “beautify” it, not only in their private lives, but also by changing the surroundings in which they lived. In this work, the author uses the example of Varaždin to show how the quality of life in the city, like that in the countryside, changed from century to century, albeit in different ways. In the city, there were differences in the quality of life of workers, traders, craftsmen, middle class, and nobles. The examples mentioned in this work confirm that the quality of life both in the countryside and the city changed from century to century, that that which was of good quality and rarely available in the 18th century became more common in the 19th century, and that the greatest changes were recorded in the 20th century.
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