Lung cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in the world. There are an estimated 2.2 million new cases and 1.79 million deaths each year. Over the past 2 decades, our understanding of ...disease biology, the use of predictive biomarkers, and improvements in therapeutic approaches have made significant progress and transformed the outcomes of many patients. Treatment is determined by the subtype and stage of the cancer; however, the effect of personalized treatment remains unsatisfactory. The use of Chinese medicines has attracted increasing attention worldwide. Chinese medicine treatment of lung cancer has few side effects, which can effectively prolong the survival expectation of patients and improve their quality of life, and has attracted increasing attention. Based on the pathophysiological mechanism of lung cancer reported in modern medical research, this article explores the efficacy and safety of acupuncture combined with medicine in the treatment of lung cancer.
Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a reliable and specific biomarker for insulin resistance and is associated with renal dysfunction. The present study sought to explore the relationship between TyG ...index and the incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) patients implanted with drug-eluting stents (DESs).
A total of 1108 participants were recruited to the study and assigned to two groups based on occurrence of CIN. TyG index was calculated as ln fasting triglycerides (mg/dL) × fasting blood glucose (mg/dL)/2. Baseline characteristics and incidence of CIN were compared between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between TyG index and CIN.
The results showed that 167 participants (15.1%) developed CIN. Subjects in the CIN group had a significantly higher TyG index compared with subjects in the non-CIN group (8.9 ± 0.7 vs. 9.3 ± 0.7, P<0.001). TyG index was significantly correlated with increased risk of CIN after adjusting for confounding factors irrespective of diabetes mellitus status and exhibited a J-shaped non-linear association. Subgroup analysis showed a significant gender difference in the relationship between TyG index and CIN. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis indicated that the risk assessment performance of TyG index was superior compared with other single metabolic indexes. Addition of TyG index to the baseline model increased the area under the curve from 0.713 (0.672-0.754) to 0.742 (0.702-0.782) and caused a reclassification improvement of 0.120 (0.092-0.149).
The findings from the present study show that a high TyG index is significantly and independently associated with incidence of CIN in NSTE-ACS patients firstly implanted with DESs. Routine preoperative assessment of TyG index can alleviate CIN and TyG index provides a potential target for intervention in prevention of CIN.
Geochemical characteristics and sedimentary processes of sediments, especially mixed sediments, have long been hot topics of research in basin systems, which can be used to infer runoff, evaporation, ...productivity, precipitation patterns of the paleoenvironment, as well as records of a diverse range of climate-related signs. However, compared with shallow marine mixed siliciclastic-carbonate sediments, the study of lacustrine mixed sedimentary systems in combination with geochemical information is relatively limited. Also, model-based study on the reconstruction of the lacustrine carbon biogeochemical cycle is defective, especially in saline lacustrine environments. In this work, a total of 26 mixed siliciclastic–carbonate sediment core samples from Well BX-7 in the Qianjiang Depression were sequentially selected for scanning electron microscope observation, major and minor element test, and isotope measurements (e.g., δ13Ccarb, δ18Ocarb, and δ34SCAS). Two types of mixed sediments were generated in the overall inflow/outflow balance of water within the saline basin during the Eocene: siliciclastic-dominated mixed sediment (SDMS) and carbonate-dominated mixed sediment (CDMS). The δ13Ccarb values of SDMS and CDMS samples range from −7.13‰ to −4.52‰ (average −5.82‰) and −9.00‰ to −6.11‰ (average −7.48‰), respectively. The δ18Ocarb values of SDMS and CDMS samples range from −10.26‰ to −1.40‰ (average −4.73‰) and −3.80‰ to −0.96‰ (average −1.55‰), respectively. In addition, combining the geochemical parameters of sedimentation rate, Mn2+ content in carbonate lattice (Mncarb), carbonate mass fraction, and Mg2+/Ca2+ ratio, we established a lacustrine δ13C variation model at the sediment-water interface (SWI) with the aim of accurately reflecting δ13Ccarb changes during carbonate formation. Based on the sedimentary processes and geochemical characteristics, we established two depositional models for these two types of mixed sediments in a saline lacustrine basin in the overall inflow/outflow balance of water. Model I illustrates SDMS sedimentary processes with a relative low salinity, low FluxDIC-O, high water inflow, and the organic carbon oxidation is dominated by Fe (III) reduction. Model II demonstrates CDMS sedimentary processes with a high salinity, high FluxDIC-O, high water outflow, and the organic carbon oxidation is dominated by sulfate reduction.
•Saline lacustrine deposits respond to the overall inflow/outflow balance of water.•A lacustrine δ13C variation model was established.•The oxidation of organic carbon in CDMS is dominated by sulfate reduction.•Two depositional models were established for two types of mixed sediments.
Abstract
The condition monitoring and faults diagnosis of wheelset are of great significance for the safe and stable operation of trains. Aiming at the axle crack, wheel flat, wheel out-of-roundness ...and their coupling faults in wheelset system, this paper proposes a method to diagnose these multiple faults simultaneously. Firstly, the dynamic model of a wheelset system with flat and out-of-roundness is established in SIMPACK software to analyze the fault characteristics of these two typical wheel damages. And the wheel flat and out-of-roundness are equivalent to displacement excitation and then loaded into the finite element (FE) model of the cracked wheelset. The vibration responses of the cracked wheelset with flat and out-of-roundness are solved in ABAQUS software. Then, the simulated multi-fault vibration data of wheelset are input into a Light-GBM model to realize the faults classification of axle crack, wheel flat, wheel out-of-roundness and their coupling faults. Finally, the wheelset vibration signals under the conditions of health, axle crack, wheel flat, and crack-flat coupling fault are collected from an experimental bench to verify the proposed method. This work can provide a basis for multi-fault classification and on-line health monitoring of trains.
Separators are becoming increasingly important in both academic research and industrial production as a means of enhancing the performance of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), particularly at a high ...rate. However, fast charge–discharge processes will produce local heat accumulation, which accelerates the local reaction rate of Li+ to form lithium dendrites. Commercial polyolefin separators fail to tackle the above issue due to inferior thermal stability. Herein, a core–shell structure is proposed to reinforce the polyvinylidene fluoride‐hexafluoropropylene (PVDF‐HFP) matrix through encircling carbon nanotube (CNT) by adherent polydopamine (PDA). The core–shell 3D structure with PDA avoids the short circuits caused by the electrically conductive CNT, and meantime, the CNT serves as an effective radiator for dispersing local heat sources verified through finite element analysis. The composite separator allows LIBs to achieve high Li+ conductivity (0.49 × 10−3 S cm−1) and Li+ transfer number (0.74), resulting in a high capacity retention of 87.35% after 800 cycles at 5C. In particular, the safety is confirmed that the composite separator avoids violent growth of lithium dendrites caused by local heat accumulation through phase‐field simulations. This work suggests a promising approach for the fabrication of core–shell nanotube composite separators for high‐rate and safe LIBs.
In this study, a core–shell structure is proposed to reinforce the polyvinylidene fluoride‐hexafluoropropylene through encircling carbon nanotube (CNT) by adherent polydopamine. The CNT serves as an effective radiator for dispersing local heat sources. The composite separator avoids the violent growth of lithium dendrites caused by local heat accumulation, thus giving rise to high‐rate and safe lithium‐ion batteries.
Use of bioresorbable artificial bone substitutes is anticipated for bone augmentation in dental implant surgery because they are relatively economical and uniform in quality compared to heterogeneous ...bone. In this study, a new shapable, rubbery, bioresorbable bone substitute was developed. The material was prepared by ultrasonically dispersing hydroxyapatite (HA) particles throughout a poly (caprolactone‐co‐lactide) (PCLLA) rubbery matrix. Physiochemical properties of the bone substitute including its composition, deformability, anti‐collapse ability, degradation behavior, and in vitro and in vivo osteogenic ability were evaluated. Results revealed that HA/PCLLA, which consists of homogeneously dispersed HA particles and a rubbery matrix composed of PCLLA, possesses a deformable capacity. The result of the mass retention rate of the material indicated an excellent durability in an aqueous environment. Further, the effects of HA/PCLLA on cell functions and bone‐regenerated performance were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that HA/PCLLA had enhanced proliferative capacity, and ability to undergo osteogenic differentiation and mineralization in vitro. It was also found that HA/PCLLA had an appropriate degradation rate to induce consecutive new bone formation without collapse at the early stage in vivo, as well as the ability to maintain the contour of the bone‐grafting area, which is comparable to the deproteinized bovine bone mineral. These results indicated that HA/PCLLA is a promising bioresorbable bone substitute with properties that meet clinical requirements, including deformability, resistance to collapse in an aqueous environment, appropriate early‐stage degradation rate, biocompatibility, osteogenic bioactivity and the capacity to regenerate bone tissue with favorable contour.
Light-driven regeneration of nicotinamide cofactors, primarily NADH, is of great significance for enzyme-photocoupled artificial photosynthesis, which strongly relies on the utilization of noble ...metal-based cocatalysts to ensure high selectivity of 1,4-NADH. Herein, we report a metal-free photocatalytic NADH regeneration system enabled by nitrogen and sulfur codoped carbon dots (N,S-CDs). The temporary occupation of the S element during catalyst synthesis increased the proportion of pyrrolic N by 2.05 times. The high proportion (88.44%) of pyrrolic N in N,S-CDs affords appropriate adsorption energy toward #4 carbon of the NAD+ pyridine ring. As a result, N,S-CDs exhibited a selectivity of 82.00 ± 5.64% toward 1,4-NADH, the highest value in the existing metal-free systems, which also showed a size-dependent 1,4-NADH regeneration yield with an optimal value of 42.92 ± 2.24%.
In Situ Endothelialization
In article number 2103490, Lei Dong, Chunming Wang, and co‐workers describe how fungal sugars in bioscaffold design are mimicked to support vascular growth. When microbes ...invade human tissue, their surface carbo hydrates bridge the endothelium for further transmigration. Glucomannans are chemically modified and electrospun into a fibrous scaffold, which recruits galectins to bridge endothelial cells with the scaffold. This helps to recover blood perfusion in a murine ischemic model.
Herein, photocatalytic degradation of levofloxacin hydrochloride (LVF) by a simple surface hydroxyl strategy on BiOBr photocatalyst was studied under simulated visible light irradiation. ...Interestingly, the BiOBr contained abundant hydroxyl groups following its modification with glucose, which enhanced the photocatalytic degradation of levofloxacin hydrochloride (LVF). The degradation efficiency of LVF over the optimized composite of BiOBr-5 could reach 91.67% in 20 min, which was much higher than that of pristine BiOBr (59.26%). Following, the biotoxicity of antibiotics to Escherichia coli DH5a could be eliminated after LVF photocatalytic degradation. This strategy proposed in this work can provide new ideas for tuning the surface structures of photocatalysts via specific functional groups for the highly efficient degradation and efficient removal of antibiotics in wastewater.
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•A simple hydroxyl-regulated strategy was harnessed to modify a BiOBr photocatalyst.•Hydroxyl-rich BiOBr materials exhibited enhanced photocatalytic degradation performance.•The roles of hydroxyl radicals were identified during the photocatalytic process.•Potential mechanism and transformation pathways for the photocatalytic degradation of LVF were proposed.
While seeding is a long-established strategy for the synthesis of zeolites with the desired phase in a faster crystallization rate and it is believed that the added seeds are at least partially ...dissolved in the synthetic gel for zeolite nucleation and growth, the solubility of seed crystals is seldom explored as a potential modulating factor for the tuning of zeolite properties. Herein, NH4F etching was used as a “chemical scissors” for the cutting of existing zeolites into nanosized crystals with enhanced solubility for the subsequent synthesis pursuing for zeolites with nanosized dimensions. Exemplified by the synthesis of mordenite, the tailor-made seeds reduced the size of the synthetic products by 1.9 times and further by 8.5 times compared with the synthesis seeded by the uncut sample and without seeding, respectively. Further, the general applicability of the size tailoring strategy is illustrated by the synthesis of ZSM-5 nanosheets using the top-down prepared nanoseeds. Considering the tunability and convenience of NH4F etching in the postsynthesis engineering of zeolite particle size, it is envisaged that the successful utilization of this chemical cutting strategy will be instrumental in many systems aiming for nanosized zeolite synthesis.
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