Ocimum tenuiflorum is a widely used medicinal plant since ancient times and still continues to be irreplaceable due to its properties. The plant has been explored chemically and pharmacologically, ...however, the molecular studies have been started lately. In an attempt to get a comprehensive overview of the abiotic stress response in O. tenuiflorum, de novo transcriptome sequencing of plant leaves under the cold, drought, flood and salinity stresses was carried out. A comparative differential gene expression (DGE) study was carried out between the common transcripts in each stress with respect to the control. KEGG pathway analysis and gene ontology (GO) enrichment studies exhibited several modifications in metabolic pathways as the result of four abiotic stresses. Besides this, a comparative metabolite profiling of stress and control samples was performed. Among the cold, drought, flood and salinity stresses, the plant was most susceptible to the cold stress. Severe treatments of all these abiotic stresses also decreased eugenol which is the main secondary metabolite present in the O. tenuiflorum plant. This investigation presents a comprehensive analysis of the abiotic stress effects in O. tenuiflorum. Current study provides an insight to the status of pathway genes' expression that help synthesizing economically valuable phenylpropanoids and terpenoids related to the adaptation of the plant. This study identified several putative abiotic stress tolerant genes which can be utilized to either breed stress tolerant O. tenuiflorum through pyramiding or generating transgenic plants.
This letter reports a Al/Al2O3/CuO/WSe2/PEDOT:PSS/ITO structure photodetector for detection of green and red light. The p-type WSe2 layer forms a heterojunction with n-type CuO layer. The p-type ...PEDOT.PSS layer works as hole transport layer (HTL) and CuO layer work as (electron Transport layer) ETL whereas Al2O3 oxide layer work as hole blocking layer (HBL). The proposed photodetector, at-1.3V gives the high responsivity of 8.14A/W, detectivity as 4.27 × 1010 Jones and external quantum efficiency (EQE) as 1554% at 650 nm. The corresponding values at 550 nm are 6.87A/W, 3.61 × 1010 Jones and 1550% at 0.118 μW optical power. The proposed detector may efficiently be used for wearable devices.
•From: Wearable Devices - Monitoring heath rate, Sensor.•From: WSe2 material- High optical absorption, promising material for opto-electronic devices.•From: Photodetector- Light sensor.
The growing popularity of nano-fertilization around the world for enhancing yield and nutrient use efficiency has been realized, however its influence on soil microbial structure is not fully ...understood. The purpose of carrying out this study was to assess the combined effect of nano and conventional fertilizers on the soil biological indicators and crop yield in a wheat-maize system. The results indicate that the at par grain yield of wheat and maize was obtained with application of 75% of recommended nitrogen (N) with full dose of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) through conventional fertilizers along with nano-N (nano-urea) or nano-N plus nano-Zn sprays and N
PK i.e. business as usual (recommended dose of fertilizer). Important soil microbial property like microbial biomass carbon was found statistically similar with nano fertilizer-based management (N
PK + nano-N, and N
PK + nano-N + nano-Zn) and conventional management (N
PK), during both wheat and maize seasons. The experimental data indicated that the application of foliar spray of nano-fertilizers along with 75% N as basal is a sustainable nutrient management approach with respect to growth, yield and rhizosphere biological activity. Furthermore, two foliar sprays of nano-N or nano-N + nano-Zn curtailed N requirement by 25%, furthermore enhanced soil microbial diversity and the microbial community structure. The specific microbial groups, including Actinobacteria, Bacteroidia, and Proteobacteria, were present in abundance and were positively correlated with wheat and maize yield and soil microbial biomass carbon. Thus, one of the best nutrient management approaches for sustaining productivity and maintaining sound microbial diversity in wheat-maize rotation is the combined use of nano-fertilizers and conventional fertilizers.
Diabetes mellitus had emerged as a metabolic menace which leads to the development of dyslipidemia, myocardial infarction, coronary artery diseases, obesity and hypertension. These are critical ...hallmarks for severe metabolic disorders owing to lack of proper balance between the energy intake and energy consumed. Previously, various potent biomarkers were investigated for their remarked potential against diabetes as well as hyperlipidemia. With this contextual, we synthesized different phytomolecular hybrids from the known potent biomarkers lupeol, β-sitosterol, ursolic acid, gallic acid and cinnamic acid by esterification with dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide as a coupling reagent and 4-dimethylaminopyridine as a catalyst. The compounds were purified using column chromatography and identified by mass spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy (
1
H and
13
C).Through in vitro screening by α-amylase assay and antioxidant assay, PMH1, PMH2 and PMH4 were found as effective phytomolecular hybrid compounds that displayed potential anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic as well as anti-oxidant properties. Amongst them, PMH4 prevailed in inhibiting the adipocyte differentiation. Our findings showed significant antidiabetic (STZ model in rats), antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant outcomes by PMH4. Synthesized phytomolecular hybrids with known potent biomarkers can be an effective strategy to design new interventions with effective bioactivity to elicit prominent in vivo performance.
Highlights
Phytomolecular hybrids from the known potent biomarkers lupeol, β-sitosterol, ursolic acid, gallic acid and cinnamic acid were synthesized by esterification with dicyclohexylcarbodiimide as a coupling reagent and 4-dimethylaminopyridine as a catalyst.
Synthesized effective phytomolecular hybrid compounds were screened for potential anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic as well as anti-oxidant properties invitro assays.
Synthesized effective phytomolecular hybrid PMH4 prevailed in inhibiting the adipocyte differentiation and displayed significant antidiabetic (STZ model in rats), antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant outcomes.
Synthesized phytomolecular hybrids with known potent biomarkers can be an effective approach to design new interventions with effective bioactivity
Objective:Several videolaryngoscopes have been developed for using in difficult airway. We conducted this study to evaluate the performance of McGrath® MAC and King Vision® videolaryngoscopes in a ...simulated difficult airway.Methods:This prospective, randomised, comparative study was conducted in 140 surgical patients. Anaesthesia was administered as per standard protocol. A cervical collar was applied to simulate a difficult airway. Patients were randomised into 2 groups. In group M (n=70), laryngoscopy was performed first with King Vision® videolaryngoscope and second time with McGrath® MAC videolaryngoscope and trachea was intubated using the second device, while in group K (n=70), laryngoscopy was performed first with McGrath® MAC videolaryngoscope and second time with King Vision® videolaryngoscope and trachea was intubated using the second device. The laryngeal view, time taken for optimal laryngeal view, number of intubation attempts, ease of intubation, first attempt intubation success, time to tracheal intubation, haemodynamic parameters, and complications such as airway trauma, if any, were noted.Results:Tracheal intubation was faster with McGrath® MAC (34.89 ± 3.7 seconds) compared to King Vision® videolaryngoscope (43.43 ± 4.3 seconds, P <.001) with comparable first attempt intubation success by 100% vs 97.1%, P =.496, respectively. The laryngeal view obtained with both the devices was comparable but the mean time taken for optimal laryngeal view was significantly longer with King Vision® videolaryngoscope, both in group M (P <.001) and group K (P <.001). Ease of intubation and complications were comparable in the 2 groups.Conclusion:McGrath® MAC videolaryngoscope in comparison to King Vision® videolaryngoscope resulted in a shorter time taken for optimal laryngeal view and time to tracheal intubation with comparable first attempt intubation success.
In this article, a two-port novel structure with a common shared ground stub with enhanced isolation for RF-energy harvesting for WiFi-2.4 GHz/LTE applications is presented. The optimized antenna ...(antenna (4): 0.6λ0 × 0.4λ0 × 0.0128λ0 mm3) is selected as proposed antenna at design frequency (f0 = 2.4 GHz) among antennas (1–4) after study of simulated results through HFSS version 18.2. Two optimized identical elements are closely separated at 0.067 λ0 distance and an enhanced isolation (greater than 49 dB) and perfect impedance matching have been obtained. Proposed antenna covers a wide bandwidth of 2.25–2.98 GHz (simulated), 2.24–3.05 GHz (measured) and fractional bandwidth of 27.91% (simulated), 30.62% (measured) respectively with 2.4 & 2.8 GHz resonance. A peak gain of 2.4 dB at 2.4 GHz and 4.7 dB at 2.8 GHz has been obtained. The antenna exhibits a 95.2% radiation efficiency and 0.8 W/kg specific absorption rate (SAR). MIMO performance metric of the proposed antenna in terms of envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), diversity gain (dB), total active reflection coefficient (TARC), mean effective gain (MEG), and channel capacity loss (CCL) has been evaluated and found in close agreement with practical standards. Moreever, the proposed antenna is further tested for harvested power wherein a maximum harvested voltage of 4.7 V, 4.88 mW Friis equation output, 2.91mW harvested output power and 54.98% power conversion efficiency in 2.4–2.5 GHz band at 20dBm power source are recorded.
This article discusses a broadband photodetector that operates in the ultraviolet (UV), visible, and near- infrared (NIR) spectrums and is based on a nanocomposite (NC) of tin disulfide (SnS2) and ...copper oxide (CuO). A low-cost solution approach is used to build the suggested device structure aluminum (Al)/SnS2:CuO/poly(3,4-ethyle- nedioxythiophene) PEDOT:poly(styrenesulfonate) (PSS)/ indium tin oxide (ITO)/polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The broad absorption spectrum of the proposed device covers UV-visible-NIR. At an incident power of 0.118 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\mu \text{W} </tex-math></inline-formula> and a reverse bias of −1 V, the measured responsivity values (A/W) and external quantum efficiencies of the proposed device are 1.87, 13.51, and 111.74 and 775.41%, 3351.49%, and 13196.12% correspondingly. The suggested photodetector (PD) has a rising time (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">{t}_{r} </tex-math></inline-formula>) of 162.63/83.41/ 72.27 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\mu \text{s} </tex-math></inline-formula> and a falling time (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">{t}_{f} </tex-math></inline-formula>) of 57.96/29.23/21.62 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\mu \text{s} </tex-math></inline-formula> at 300-/500-/1050-nm wavelengths and −1 V bias. The study also takes the stability of the suggested structure into account.
In this article, various machine learning (ML) algorithms such as Artificial neural network (ANN), Random Forest, XG boost, K nearest neighbor (KNN), and Knowledge-based neural network (KBNN) are ...used for efficient optimization of dielectric resonator antenna (DRA). ML models are used to predict the |S11| for a particular set of frequency, resonator height, aperture radius, and resonator radius. Finally, a comparative performance analysis of different ML algorithms has been done with the outcomes of the HFSS EM simulator. Error percentage is in between 1.0% and 7.0% with different ML algorithms. Antenna design is also fabricated and tested. The performance of the fabricated prototype is very close to different ML algorithms and HFSS obtained outcomes.
In the present investigation, A356 alloy 5 wt% SiC composite is fabricated by electromagnetic stir casting process. An attempt has been made to investigate the effect of CNC lathe process parameters ...like cutting speed, depth of cut, and feed rate on surface roughness during machining of A356 alloy 5 wt% SiC particulate metal-matrix composites in dry condition. Response surface methodology (Box Behnken Method) is chosen to design the experiments. The results reveal that cutting speed increases surface roughness decreases, whereas depth of cut and feed increase surface roughness increase. Optimum values of speed (190 m/min), feed (0.14 mm/rev) and depth of cut (0.20 mm) during turning of A356 alloy 5 wt% SiC composites to minimize the surface roughness (3.15μm) have been find out. The mechanical properties of A356 alloy 5 wt% SiC were also analyzed.
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