Creating of a scar model in laboratory animals is the most acceptable option for the preclinical search of scar treatment. However, due to high skin regeneration rate in laboratory rodents, creating ...an optimal animal model of scar formation is a challenge. Here we describe five methods for modeling a scar tissue in rats that we have tested. These methods allowed achieving different histopathological features and different stages of skin scar formation.
Within the theory of random interaction fields, the possibility of determining the Curie point and the paramagnetic Curie point corresponding to the appearance of short-range order is shown. In ...ferromagnetic alloys, there is a concentration range in which the long-range order is destroyed, but the short-range order persists. This leads to the appearance of a cluster glass phase, which is characterized by a time dependence of the magnetic susceptibility and the appearance of viscous magnetization. For an AuFe alloy as an example, the behavior of the initial magnetic susceptibility as a function of temperature and concentration is studied and compared with experimental data.
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 receptors (TRPV1) play a significant physiological role. The study of novel TRPV1 agonists and antagonists is essential. Here, we report on the ...characterization of polypeptide antagonists of TRPV1 based on in vitro and in vivo experiments. We evaluated the ability of APHC1 and APHC3 to inhibit TRPV1 using the whole-cell patch clamp approach and single cell Ca2+ imaging. In vivo tests were performed to assess the biological effects of APHC1 and APHC3 on temperature sensation, inflammation and core body temperature. In the electrophysiological study, both polypeptides partially blocked the capsaicin-induced response of TRPV1, but only APHC3 inhibited acid-induced (pH 5.5) activation of the receptor. APHC1 and APHC3 showed significant antinociceptive and analgesic activity in vivo at reasonable doses (0.01-0.1 mg/kg) and did not cause hyperthermia. Intravenous administration of these polypeptides prolonged hot-plate latency, blocked capsaicin- and formalin-induced behavior, reversed CFA-induced hyperalgesia and produced hypothermia. Notably, APHC3's ability to inhibit the low pH-induced activation of TRPV1 resulted in a reduced behavioural response in the acetic acid-induced writhing test, whereas APHC1 was much less effective. The polypeptides APHC1 and APHC3 could be referred to as a new class of TRPV1 modulators that produce a significant analgesic effect without hyperthermia.
At present, a significant increase in inflammatory-destructive pathologies of the oral mucosa has been revealed. However, despite the high prevalence and the trend towards a constant increase in the ...number of diseases, there is no single diagnostic algorithm for examining and managing these patients in dental practice. To solve the above problems, a complex system of a patient-oriented approach to the diagnosis and monitoring of the inflammatory-destructive process in diseases of the oral mucosa was developed.
Aim.
To evaluate the effectiveness of the developed complex system of a patient-oriented approach to the diagnosis and monitoring of inflammatory-destructive diseases of the oral mucosa.
Materials and methods.
A survey of 60 patients with inflammatory-destructive diseases of the oral mucosa was carried out, which were divided into 2 groups. In the main group, diagnostics and monitoring were carried out using the developed system, in the control group – according to the generally accepted scheme.
Results.
Taking into account the data of the study, we can confidently speak about the clinical effectiveness of the developed complex system of a patient-oriented approach to the diagnosis and monitoring of the inflammatory-destructive process in diseases of the oral mucosa. When managing patients using the proposed system, a personalized approach is provided, the dynamics of the course of the pathological process is objectively and accurately assessed, certain periods of clinical observation are offered in order to correct the prescribed therapy regimen.
Conclusions.
The use of a patient-oriented approach in the diagnosis and monitoring of the system helps to reduce the time of regeneration of inflammatory-destructive diseases of the oral mucosa, improves the effectiveness of the treatment of this pathology, and also improves the patient's quality of life.
The alkylation of cyanothioacetamide with benzyl chloride in DMF in the presence of 10% aqueous potassium hydroxide afforded 2,3-bisamino(benzylsulfanyl)methylidenebutanedinitrile. Analogous reaction ...with addition of acetylacetone or its 3-methyl derivative led to the formation of 2-benzylsulfanyl-4,6-dimethylor -4,5,6-trimethylpyridine-3-carbonitrile.
Currently, the antioxidant properties of amino acids and their role in the physicochemical processes accompanying oxidative stress in cancer remain unclear. Cancer cells are known to extensively ...uptake amino acids, which are used as an energy source, antioxidant precursors that reduce oxidative stress in cancer, and as regulators of inhibiting or inducing tumor cell-associated gene expression. This review examines nine amino acids (Cys, His, Phe, Met, Trp, Tyr, Pro, Arg, Lys), which play a key role in the non-enzymatic oxidative process in various cancers. Conventionally, these amino acids can be divided into two groups, in one of which the activity increases (Cys, Phe, Met, Pro, Arg, Lys) in cancer, and in the other, it decreases (His, Trp, Tyr). The review examines changes in the metabolism of nine amino acids in eleven types of oncology. We have identified the main nonspecific mechanisms of changes in the metabolic activity of amino acids, and described direct and indirect effects on the redox homeostasis of cells. In the future, this will help to understand better the nature of life of a cancer cell and identify therapeutic targets more effectively.
The condensation of malononitrile with hydrogen sulfide and aldehydes in the presence of triethylamine in ethanol at room temperature afforded 4-alkyl(aryl, hetaryl)-2,6-diamino-3,5-dicyano-4
H
...-thiopyrans. Treatment of the latter
in situ
with alkali in DMF, followed by addition of an alkylating agent, led to the formation of 4-alkyl(aryl, hetaryl)-2-alkoxycarbonyl(aroyl, carbamoyl)-3,6-diamino-5-cyanothieno2,3-
b
- pyridines.
Various types of magnetic ordering in two-sublattice magnetic materials with exchange interaction were studied using the method of random exchange interaction fields and the Ising model. The ...conditions for the magnetization of such systems were identified. Equations for the temperatures of phase transitions were derived.
Arthritis is a widespread inflammatory disease associated with progressive articular surface degradation, ongoing pain, and hyperalgesia causing the development of functional limitations and ...disability. TRPV1 channel is one of the high-potential targets for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Polypeptide APHC3 from sea anemone
is a mode-selective TRPV1 antagonist that causes mild hypothermia and shows significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity in different models of pain. We evaluated the anti-inflammatory properties of APHC3 in models of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced osteoarthritis and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced rheumatoid monoarthritis in comparison with commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as diclofenac, ibuprofen, and meloxicam. Subcutaneous administration of APHC3 (0.1 mg/kg) significantly reversed joint swelling, disability, grip strength impairment, and thermal and mechanical hypersensitivity. The effect of APHC3 was equal to or better than that of reference NSAIDs. Protracted treatment with APHC3 decreased IL-1b concentration in synovial fluid, reduced inflammatory changes in joints, and prevented the progression of cartilage degradation. Therefore, polypeptide APHC3 has the potential to be an analgesic and anti-inflammatory substance for the alleviation of arthritis symptoms.
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