A satisfação com a vida tem sido descrita como um constructo psicológico que se refere à avaliação global que o indivíduo faz em relação a sua vida. O presente estudo objetiva investigar se fatores ...individuais (gênero e idade), socioeconômico (classe social), de autopercepção (nível de estresse, estado de saúde e qualidade do sono) e de percepção de qualidade de vida na universidade (oportunidade e motivação para aprendizagem, ambiente social para aprendizagem, ambiente físico e equipamentos para aprendizagem, autoavaliação de conhecimento e relevância da universidade) predizem a satisfação com a vida entre universitários de instituições públicas do Estado da Bahia, Brasil. Participaram do estudo 1.506 universitários dos cursos de graduação presenciais das Universidades Federais (UFS) localizados no Estado da Bahia, sendo 537 homens (35.7 %), 968 mulheres (64.3 %) e um que não identificou seu gênero, com idades entre 18 a 24 anos (63.5 %) e sem companheiro(a) (86.0 %). Os resultados indicaram que o modelo que melhor predisse a satisfação com a vida foi aquele que incluiu classe social, nível de estresse, estado de saúde, qualidade do sono, grau de motivação, ânimo para assistir as aulas do seu curso, relacionamento com os demais colegas do seu curso e oportunidade de participação em atividades de ensino, extensão e pesquisa. Juntas, essas variáveis foram responsáveis por explicar aproximadamente 27.5 % da variância em satisfação com a vida, o que é uma razoável capacidade explicativa, se considerarmos que satisfação com a vida é um constructo psicológico, complexo e multideterminado.
Background
Brazil ranks fifth in the world in the number of adults with diabetes, and third for type 1 diabetes. Conducting educational actions on this topic in public schools in this country is ...extremely important, since it can assist in the early adoption of good life habits and in a better care for students in this condition.
Objective
The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of an educational intervention about diabetes for students and school staff.
Methods
This is an interventional non-randomized longitudinal study, in which interviews were conducted before and after a playful intervention with the use of theater play and games for students and plus a training for the school staff.
Results
A total of 89 participants completed the study, being 73 students aged 7 to 12 years old, and 16 school staff. As a result, there was a positive change in knowledge and perception of diabetes by the students. The greatest changes in the answers among the participants, at the post-intervention period, were related to the possibility of consuming something with sugar by those with diabetes, and particularly how to cope in hypoglycemia situations by the school staff.
Conclusions
Actions like these must be encouraged within the school environment, especially in countries with high prevalence of diabetes.
Background Cervical cancer is a preventable disease, but it is a major public health problem despite having a good prognosis when diagnosed early. Although the Pap smear has led to huge drops in ...rates of cervical cancer and death from the disease, it has some limitations, making new approaches necessary for early diagnosis and biomarkers discovery. MiRNAs have been considered a new class of non-invasive biomarkers and may have great clinical value for screening early-stage cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Well-designed studies have emerged as a necessary strategy for the identification of miRNAs that could be used safely and reliably for a differential diagnosis. This review aims to provide an up-to-date perspective on the assessment of circulating miRNA expression from precursor lesions to cervical cancer, identifying circulating miRNAs or specific miRNA signatures that can be used as potential biomarkers of different stages of cervical carcinogenesis. Methods A systematic review was performed and searches were conducted in the PubMed, LILACS, and Scopus electronic databases. Results Most studies involved Chinese ethnic women and searched for circulating miRNAs in serum samples. Thirty three microRNAs were evaluated in the eligible studies and 17 (miR-196a, miR-16-2, miR-497, miR-1290, miR-425-5p, hsa-miR- 92a, miR-1266, miR-9, miR-192, miR-205, miR-21, miR-152, miR-15b, miR-34a, miR-218, miR-199a-5p and miR-155-5p) showed up-regulation in women with precursor lesion and cervical cancer and 16 microRNAs showed decreased expression in these same groups of women compared to healthy controls (miR-195, miR-2861, miR-145, miR-214, miR-34a, miR-200a, let-7d-3p, miR-30d-5p, miR-638, miR-203a-3p, miR-1914-5p, miR-521, miR-125b, miR-370, miR-218 and miR-100). Conclusion Therefore, defining promising circulating miRNAs or specific miRNA signatures of biological fluid samples can be useful for the screening, diagnosis, prognosis and clinical monitoring of women undergoing cervical carcinogenesis, but greater standardization of studies seems to be necessary for greater consolidation of information. Keywords: Circulating microRNA, microRNAs, Uterine cervical neoplasms, Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, Biomarkers
Limb-girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMD) constitute a heterogeneous group of neuromuscular disorders in which there are alterations in proteins responsible for the preservation of muscle architecture ...and function, leading to proximal and progressive muscle weakness. There is, however, significant phenotypic and genotypic variation, as well as difficulty in establishing biomarkers that help to define pathogenic mechanisms and assess disease severity and progression. In this field, there is special attention to microRNAs, small non-coding RNA molecules related to the regulation of gene expression and, consequently, the production of proteins. Thus, this research aimed to verify the correlation between the expression of microRNAs and the severity, progression, and therapeutic response of LGMD animal models. A search was carried out in the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, and SciELO databases, with articles in English and without a time limit. The PRISMA 2020 checklist was used, and the protocol of this review was submitted to PROSPERO. The bibliographic survey of the 434 records found that 5 original articles met the inclusion criteria. The studies explored myomicroRNAs or miRNA panels with gene expression analysis. The analysis demonstrates that miR-1, 133a, and 206 are differentially expressed in serum and muscle. They change according to the degree of inflammation, fibrosis, muscle regeneration, and progression of the dystrophic process. MicroRNAs are up-regulated in dystrophic muscles, which are reversed after treatment in a dose-dependent manner. The present study inferred that miRs are essential in severity, progression, and therapeutic response in LGMD models and may be a useful biomarker in clinical research and prognosis. However, the practical application of these findings should be further explored.
Resumo Este artigo busca contribuir para o processo de reflexão crítica sobre a produção do conhecimento em enfermagem com enfoque bioético em publicações brasileiras. Trata-se de revisão ...bibliográfica realizada por meio de buscas na SciELO utilizando os descritores “enfermagem”, “bioética” e “ética”, incluindo artigos publicados entre 1999 e 2019. Como resultado, identificaram-se 43 artigos e, após aplicar critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados 16 trabalhos, cujos temas eram ensino da ética/bioética para o curso de enfermagem, seguido por terapia intensiva/ou terminalidade, doação de órgãos e atendimento/ação/cuidar em saúde. Verificou-se transição entre os temas emergentes considerando o contexto histórico no decorrer dos anos e o interesse da área.
Abstract This article seeks to contribute to critical reflections on the production of nursing knowledge with a bioethical focus in Brazilian publications. This is a literature review conducted by searching the SciELO platform using the descriptors “nursing,” “bioethics” and “ethics,” including articles published between 1999 and 2019. As a result, 43 articles were identified and, after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 16 were selected, approaching teaching ethics/bioethics for the nursing course, followed by intensive care/or terminality, organ donation and health care/action/care. A transition in the emerging themes was observed considering the historical context over the years and the interest in the area.
Resumen Este artículo pretende contribuir a la reflexión crítica sobre la producción de conocimiento en enfermería con enfoque bioético en las publicaciones brasileñas. Se trata de una revisión bibliográfica realizada en SciELO utilizando los descriptores “enfermagem”, “bioética” y “ética” para artículos publicados entre 1999 y 2019. Los resultados identificaron 43 artículos y, después de aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se seleccionaron 16 trabajos que abordaron temas como la enseñanza de la ética/bioética en la carrera de enfermería, los cuidados intensivos/fin de la vida, la donación de órganos y la atención/acción/cuidado en salud. Hubo una transición entre los temas emergentes considerando el contexto histórico a lo largo de los años y el interés del área.
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a fast-progressing bone tumor with high incidence in children and adolescents. The main diagnostic methods for OS are imaging exams and biopsies. In spite of the several ...resources available for detecting the disease, establishing an early diagnosis is still difficult, resulting in worse prognosis and lower survival rates for patients with OS. The identification of novel biomarkers would be helpful, and recently, circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been pointed to as possible non-invasive biomarkers. In order to assess the effectiveness of miRNA research, we performed a systematic review to assess the potential role of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers for OS diagnosis. We performed a search in various databases-PubMed, LILACS (Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde), VHL (Virtual Health Library), Elsevier, Web of Science, Gale Academic One File-using the terms: "Circulating microRNAs" OR "plasma microRNAs" OR "serum microRNAs" OR "blood microRNAs" OR "cell-free microRNAs" OR "exosome microRNAs" OR "extracellular vesicles microRNAs" OR "liquid biopsy" AND "osteosarcoma" AND "diagnostic". We found 35 eligible studies that were independently identified and had had their quality assessed according to Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) guidelines. Despite the useful number of publications on this subject and the fact that several microRNAs showed excellent diagnostic performance for OS, the lack of consistency in results suggests that additional prospective studies are needed to confirm the role of circulating miRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers in OS.
This study evaluated the methodological quality of published systematic reviews on randomized and non-randomized clinical trials to synthesize evidence on the association between IL-6, ...immunosenescence, and aerobic and/or resistance exercise.
The Preferred Reporting Items for Overviews of Systematic Reviews (PRIO-harms) guideline was used, with registration number CRD42022346142-PROSPERO. Relevant databases such as Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched using English Medical Subject Headings terms. Inclusion criteria were systematic reviews analyzing aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, or a combination of both and assessing IL-6 as a biomarker of cellular immunosenescence in humans. The Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR-2) was employed.
Out of 742 identified articles, 18 were eligible, and 13 were selected for analysis. Sample sizes ranged from 249 to 1421 participants, mostly female, with ages ranging from 17 to 95 years. Aerobic exercise was the most studied type (46.15%), followed by combined exercise (38.46%) and resistance exercise (15.38%). Aerobic exercise showed a statistically significant reduction in IL-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels. Among the 13 reviews analyzed using AMSTAR-2, 8 were rated as critically low quality, and 5 were classified as low quality.
Aerobic exercise has anti-inflammatory properties and the potential to modulate IL-6, CRP, and TNF-α levels in immunosenescence. However, the limited methodological quality of the analyzed systematic reviews highlights the urgent need for robust, high-quality studies to improve access to information and facilitate evidence-based decision-making in healthcare.
Abstract Objectives: to describe behavioral changes related to mental health in children and adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder during social isolation due to the COVID-19 ...pandemic. Methods: this is a systematic review conducted under the PRISMA protocol (2020) in the PubMed, SciELO and VHL databases, with a period of 2019-2022. Results: 3,735 studies were screened and ten were selected, according to the eligibility criteria. The sample had 4,688 participants. There was evidence of a worsening of signs and symptoms regarding the mental health of this population, expressed mainly through changes in mood, with increased anxiety, sadness or depressed symptoms, in addition to increased hyperactivity. Behavioral changes also included reduced sleep quality and physical activity, and increased use of digital technologies and screen time. Conclusions: it was described that children and youth groups, especially those with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, had increased emotional symptoms and conduct problems when compared to before the pandemic, making it possible to recognize the negative repercussions of the changes imposed by it. These factors are important for planning more effective care strategies.
Resumo Objetivos: descrever mudanças comportamentais, relacionadas à saúde mental, em crianças e adolescentes com Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade durante o isolamento social devido à pandemia da COVID-19. Métodos: trata-se de uma revisão sistemática conduzida sob protocolo PRISMA (2020) nas bases de dados PubMed, SciELO e BVS, com período de 2019-2022. Resultados: foram triados 3.735 estudos e selecionados dez, de acordo com os critérios de elegibilidade. A amostra contou com 4.688 participantes. Evidenciou-se um agravamento de sinais e sintomas quanto à saúde mental dessa população expresso principalmente através de mudanças no estado de humor, com aumento da ansiedade, tristeza ou sintoma deprimido, além do aumento da hiperatividade. As mudanças comportamentais incluíram ainda redução da qualidade do sono e da prática de atividades físicas e aumento do uso de tecnologias digitais e tempo de tela. Conclusões: foi descrito que os grupos infanto-juvenis, sobretudo com Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade, tinham sintomas emocionais e problemas de conduta aumentados quando comparados a antes da pandemia, sendo possível reconhecer as repercussões negativas das mudanças impostas por ela. Esses fatores são importantes para o planejamento de estratégias de cuidado mais efetivas.
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