•Glyoxylic acid preferentially modifies lysine over arginine residues in BSA.•Glyoxal alone (300 mM) can convert up to 24% of BSA lysine into CML.•Glyoxal forms more fluorescent products in BSA ...compared with glyoxylic acid.•In rodent food fortified with glycated-BSA, CML declined 30% over 80 days storage.•33% of dCML from glycated-BSA fortified food was excreted in mouse feces.
This study investigated different methods to produce Nε-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML)-enriched bovine serum albumin (BSA) as alternatives to the classical approach using glyoxylic acid (GA) and sodium cyanoborohydride (NaBH3CN) which results in toxic hydrogen cyanide (HCN). The reaction of GA (6 mmol/L) and NaBH3CN (21 mmol/L) to produce CML remained the most effective with CML yields of 24–35%, followed by 13–24% using 300 mmol/L glyoxal (GO). GA promoted specific modification of lysine to CML, and fewer structural modifications of the BSA molecule compared with GO, as evidenced by fluorescence and proteomic analyses. GO promoted greater arginine modification compared with GA (76 vs 23%). Despite structural changes to BSA with GO, murine fecal clearance of CML was similar to literature values. Hence, BSA glycation with 300 mmol/L glyoxal is a suitable alternative to GA and NaBH3CN for generating CML-enriched protein free of HCN, but a CML-only fortification model remains to be described.
Cadherins are transmembrane proteins that mediate adhesion between cells in the solid tissues of animals. Here we present the 3.1 angstrom resolution crystal structure of the whole, functional ...extracellular domain from C-cadherin, a representative "classical" cadherin. The structure suggests a molecular mechanism for adhesion between cells by classical cadherins, and it provides a new framework for understanding both cis (same cell) and trans (juxtaposed cell) cadherin interactions. The trans adhesive interface is a twofold symmetric interaction defined by a conserved tryptophan side chain at the membrane-distal end of a cadherin molecule from one cell, which inserts into a hydrophobic pocket at the membrane-distal end of a cadherin molecule from the opposing cell.
Abstract
Studying the physical conditions structuring the young circumstellar discs is required for understanding the onset of planet formation. Of particular interest is the protoplanetary disc ...surrounding the Herbig star MWC480. The structure and properties of the circumstellar disc of MWC480 are studied by infrared interferometry and interpreted from a modelling approach. New observations are driving this study, in particular, some recent Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI)/MIDI data acquired in 2013 December. Our one-component disc model could not reproduce simultaneously all our data: the spectral energy distribution, the near-infrared Keck Interferometer data and the mid-infrared data obtained with the MIDI instrument. In order to explain all measurements, one possibility is to add an asymmetry in our one-component disc model with the assumption that the structure of the disc of MWC480 has not varied with time. Several scenarios are tested, and the one considering the presence of an azimuthal bright feature in the inner component of the disc model provides a better fit of the data.
We investigate the in-plane magnetic anisotropy in La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 thin films grown on SrTiO3 (001) substrate using angular dependent room temperature Vectorial Magneto-Optical Kerr Magnetometry. ...The experimental data reveals that the magnetic anisotropy symmetry landscape significantly changes depending upon the strain and thickness. At low film thickness (12 and 25 nm) the dominant uniaxial anisotropy is due to interface effects, step edges due to mis-cut angle of SrTiO3 substrate. At intermediate thickness, the magnetic anisotropy presents a competition between magnetocrystalline (biaxial) and substrate step induced (uniaxial) anisotropy. Depending upon their relative strengths, a profound biaxial or uniaxial or mixed anisotropy is favoured. Above the critical thickness, magnetocrystalline anisotropy dominates all other effects and shows a biaxial anisotropy.
The inner structure and properties (temperature, mass) of the circumstellar disk of Herbig star MWC480 are studied by stellar interferometry method used in the infrared and are interpreted using ...semi-analytical models. From these models, the SED (Spectral Energy Distribution) was fitted and multi-wavelength intensity map of the source were calculated. The intensity map provides the input for modeling the Keck Interferometer (KI) data in the near-infrared (near-IR) and the data of Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) with the mid-infrared instrument MIDI. We conclude that with our limited set of data, we can fit the SED, the Keck visibilities and the MIDI visibilities using a two-components disk model. Furthermore, we suspect that MWC480 has a transitional dusty disk. However, we need more MIDI observations with different baseline orientations to confirm our modeling.
The magnetization reversal of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO) epitaxial films deposited on 10 vicinal SrTiO3(001) substrates has been investigated at room temperature by using longitudinal magneto-optical Kerr ...microscopy. In the case when the magnetic field is applied parallel to the substrate steps, magnetization reversal proceeds first by the nucleation of magnetic domains with well-defined magnetic domain walls (DWs) oriented parallel to the step direction and then by DW propagation. No magnetic domains are found in the case when the magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the steps, in which case magnetization reversal proceeds by coherent rotation. Our results provide a direct visualization of the step-induced uniaxial magnetic anisotropy in half-metallic systems and for LSMO thickness up to 70 nm.
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