The principal aim of this study is to provide theory and testing to elucidate the role of decision-maker's decision process and speed during the global sourcing decision-making process (GSDP). In ...order to achieve this goal, we examine the behavior of a sample of 202 decision-makers belonging to Italian SMEs in the manufacturing sector. Our main finding suggests that faster decisions during the GSDP process lead to superior financial and non-financial performance of the selected supplier. Moreover, we find support for dual processing theory wherein rationality and intuition of the GSDP are associated with increased supplier performance both directly and through their effects on decision speed. Results are discussed in terms of the GSDP, SME and strategic decision-making literatures and practical implications for managers in SMEs.
•This study examines the role of decision-maker's decision process and speed during the global sourcing decision-making process (GSDP).•We describe evidences from a quantitative study, that was conducted using 202 decision-makers belonging to Italian SMEs.•We identify a link between speed and performance of the selected supplier.•Rationality and intuition of the GSDP are associated with increased supplier performance both directly and indirectly.
Purpose: This paper aims to find out which forms of re-internationalization two Italian and two Estonian case companies experienced and which factors affected them, and through that, to develop the ...literature on re-internationalization. Design/methodology/approach: It is based on four cases. Findings: The paper shows that several internal and external factors – (changes in) the decision-makers’ international orientation, the (business) environment, firms’ relationships with their business partners, and their unique resources and capabilities – affected re-internationalization. In addition, it explains that the circumstances of initial foreign market entries and the following foreign market exits also influenced the case firms’ re-entry decisions. It concludes that exits and re-entries are normal for international firms and it is not always possible to foresee and/or “plan” them. Research limitations/implications: In the future, more cases could be studied and survey data collected. The issue of decision-making logic needs more research attention and definitions still need development. Originality/value: Knowledge on re-internationalization is still relatively limited and thus this paper contributes toward expanding this knowledge.
Il trovatore Blacasset, vissuto e operante nella prima metà del XIII secolo, rappresenta la coda di un'aristocrazia occitana ormai in decadenza, ancora fedele ai valori cavallereschi che stavano ...perdendo sempre più mordente nella realtà circostante. Il volume presenta uno studio biografico, storico, filologico ed ecdotico delle opere del trovatore giunte sino a noi, con un glossario finale e uno studio generale della tradizione manoscritta.
► De- and re-internationalizations may be caused by internal and external factors. ► Serial nonlinear internationalization does not only occur in project businesses. ► De-internationalization is not ...a sign of failure. ► Subsequent de- and re-internationalizations are normal, especially in small markets.
International business scholars still pay the most attention to two firm types: (1) gradual/step-by-step/Uppsala type internationalizers and (2) international new ventures/born globals. Serial nonlinear internationalizers (SNIs) – firms with several subsequent exits and re-entries or considerable foreign involvement fluctuations – have received almost no attention. This exploratory study aims to contribute to the emerging serial nonlinear internationalization literature by (1) discussing the nature of an Italian machinery producer's serial nonlinear internationalization, (2) explaining why it internationalized nonlinearly and (3) developing research implications. It concludes that despite having had a year or more without export activities in 29 countries (in eight of them twice or more) and activities only in seven countries in 2011, this firm has been relatively successful. Thus, de-internationalization is not automatically a sign of failure. Moreover, subsequent de- and re-internationalizations are normal for other firms besides project businesses, especially if their markets are small and exit/re-entry costs low.
•Food waste issue requires an analysis which consider several factors simultaneously.•The study improves the overall knowledge about action preventing food waste.•Food management in home is important ...in reducing food waste intensity.•The reuse of leftovers is a relevant determinant of food waste minimization.
Food waste is a critical issue with multiple ethical, environmental and economic consequences. The aim of this study is to investigate which factors most affect food waste and determine what actions are undertaken to prevent it at the household level. The study, while privileging a behavioural perspective, focuses on the overall consumption process, from purchasing through final food consumption, thus assuming a broad perspective. The data for this study were collected among Italian, Spanish and English populations using three public online questionnaires administered from January to September 2017. This resulted in a total of 3323 usable questionnaires referring to a sample population aged between 18 and 35 years. As for the main motivation to waste food, the research findings provide strong evidence of the importance of in-store behaviour and food management at home in reducing the frequency of food waste in all the three countries examined. As for the actions preventing food waste, the consumption of leftovers appears as a relevant determinant in minimising food waste. The findings confirm that food waste is a complex issue that requires a broad approach of analysis considering several factors simultaneously. The study also provides further insights regarding the relationship between eating outside the home and food waste, which is a topic of debate in the extant literature. Finally, the study improves the overall knowledge about actions that prevent food waste, which have previously been poorly investigated.
•We focus on an exporter’s foreign market entries, exits and re-entries.•Knowledge, networks and decision-making logic intertwine during internationalization.•Lack of knowledge results in effectual ...decisions and “experimenting” with markets.•Knowledge acquisition leads to more causal (plan-driven) decisions and stronger ties.•Experienced firms still exit and re-enter markets, and enter new ones “by chance”.
We focus on the following question: how are knowledge, network relationships and decision-making logic interrelated throughout the internationalization process – foreign market entries, exits and re-entries? We contribute to the internationalization literature, network approach and effectuation theory that have not examined these interrelationships during internationalization – especially de- and re-internationalization – in detail yet. Thereby, we provide a more complete view of internationalization. Based on a single punctuated longitudinal case study, we show that lack of knowledge results in mostly effectual (opportunity-driven) decision-making: finding customers via weak ties, trade fairs and unsolicited export orders and experiencing numerous market exits and re-entries due to “experimenting”. Knowledge acquisition leads to more causal (systematic, plan-driven) decision-making and stronger ties, but serendipitous (“by chance”) entries can still occur, and exiting and re-entering foreign markets may continue. We suggest that managers should network and acquire knowledge actively, use both decision-making logics and accept uncertainty as normal during internationalization.
International Market Selection (IMS) is a strategic and complex decision by which firms choose the markets in which to be present. Despite the undisputed academic and managerial relevance of IMS, ...extant reviews do not include the most recent empirical literature, do not consider different perspectives linked to alternative units of analysis and research domains, and ignore important changes in the international business environment. This research aims to carry out a holistic and systematic assessment of recent IMS empirical research, propose an IMS framework, and provide directions for future research. We contribute to the international business and management literature by updating and upgrading our understanding of IMS, by expanding the IMS conceptualization, proposing an integrative conceptual framework, and developing research propositions, and by suggesting a comprehensive, updated, and radically original research agenda.
The study examines specialized marketing capabilities' role in the early internationalization of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Emphasis is on sales and communication capabilities and on ...contrasting international new ventures (INV) from the mature economy of Italy and the posttransformation economy of Poland. Individual expert interviews, including a card-based game, and an entrepreneurial marketing conceptual framework were conducted with representatives of seven manufacturing INVs. The findings obtained through content analysis of interviews with CAQDAS software show how the main specialized marketing capabilities contribute to early expansion of INVs through an interaction with architectural marketing capabilities.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the brand hate phenomenon for service products in a cross-channel setting (offline/online environment). To reach this objective, structural equation ...modeling was employed on a sample of 265 consumers. Findings reveal that brand hate positively influences offline negative word-of-mouth (NWOM), online complaining, and non-repurchase intention. Furthermore, while offline NWOM has a positive effect on non-repurchase intention, online complaining has a negative one. Finally, a mediated path was identified, which starts from brand hate and ends with non-repurchase intention through online complaining and offline NWOM. The study provides implications for firms’ marketers and practitioners.
•The purpose of this study is to investigate the brand hate phenomenon for service products in a cross-channel setting.•The study analyzes offline negative word-of-mouth, online complaining, and non-repurchase intention as brand hate outcomes.•Results based on a sample of 265 consumers who have previously purchased and used the service brand they hate.•Findings offer possible strategies that firms could use for enhancing both offline and online communication channels.
Healthy lifestyle and food waste behavior Savelli, Elisabetta; Francioni, Barbara; Curina, Ilaria
The Journal of consumer marketing,
03/2020, Volume:
37, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Purpose
This paper aims to address the food waste phenomenon by investigating the relationship between healthy lifestyle and food waste intensity and by considering the mediating role of food waste ...preventing behavior on such a relationship.
Design/methodology/approach
Based on an online survey of 1,941 UK millennial consumers, the research hypotheses were tested using the PLS-PM approach to structural equation model.
Findings
The results reveal that both the consumption of healthy food and the habit of eating at home enhance food waste reduction. Moreover, the findings corroborate the mediating effect of the food waste preventing behavior on the relationship between a healthy lifestyle and food waste intensity, thus underlying its role as an effective mechanism able to improve the influence of healthy lifestyle dimensions on food waste intensity.
Practical implications
The paper offers three levels of practical implications directed to public institutions, private manufacturers and retailers.
Social implications
The study underlines the key relevance of ad hoc educational programs aimed at improving the overall awareness of young consumers about food waste damages, by specifically identifying the main features on which these programs should focus.
Originality/value
This paper adds knowledge by helping to explain how and why a healthier lifestyle could translate into food waste reduction. Moreover, the study offers a comprehensive understanding of preventing behavior by proposing a rich overview of strategies to adopt to avoid food waste.
