Prenyl flavonoids are widely distributed in plant foods and have attracted appreciable attention in relation to their potential benefits for human health. Prenylation may enhance the biological ...functions of flavonoids by introducing hydrophobic properties in their basic structures. Previously, we found that 8-prenyl naringenin exerted a greater preventive effect on muscle atrophy than nonprenylated naringenin in a mouse model. Here, we aimed to estimate the effect of prenylation on the bioavailability of dietary quercetin (Q). The cellular uptake of 8-prenyl quercetin (PQ) and Q in Caco-2 cells and C2C12 myotube cells was examined. Prenylation significantly enhanced the cellular uptake by increasing the lipophilicity in both cell types. In Caco-2 cells, efflux of PQ to the basolateral side was <15% of that of Q, suggesting that prenylation attenuates transport from the intestine to the circulation. After intragastric administration of PQ or Q to mice or rats, the area under the concentration-time curve for PQ in plasma and lymph was 52.5% and 37.5% lower than that of Q, respectively. PQ and its O-methylated form (MePQ) accumulated at much higher amounts than Q and O-methylated Q in the liver (Q: 3400%; MePQ: 7570%) and kidney (Q: 385%; MePQ: 736%) of mice after 18 d of feeding. These data suggest that prenylation enhances the accumulation of Q in tissues during long-term feeding, even though prenylation per se lowers its intestinal absorption from the diet.
A patch graft of glutaraldehyde-preserved canine pericardium was applied for repairing experimental diaphragmatic defect in three feline and one canine cases. One month to one year after the surgical ...procedure, inflammatory adhesive responses were minimum, followed by unity of graft and recipient tissues. The procedure was proved to be useful also in two feline clinical cases of diaphragmatic hernia.
Clinical usefulness of four different kind of patch grafts for the diaphragmatic defect was compared in the cat. We evaluated two biograf is (glutaraldehyde treated canine pericardium and denacol ...treated canine pericardium), and two artificial fabrics (polyester nonwoven fabric and chitin-polyester nonwoven fabric complex) in experimentally made diaphragmatic defects (3×3cm) using 12 healthy cats. One month after the grafting with biografts, graft materials and surrounding diaphragm tissue united well and minimum inflammation was investigated 12 months after the grafting. Artificial fabrics and surrounding diaphragm tissue also united well, however, inflammation had sustained 12 and 24 months after the grafting.
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