Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) has few cotton varieties suitable for mechanical harvesting. The plant height of the cultivar is one of the key features that need to modify. Hence, this study ...was planned to locate the QTL for plant height in a
Co γ treated upland cotton semi-dwarf mutant Ari1327.
Interestingly, bulk segregant analysis (BSA) and genotyping by sequencing (GBS) methods exhibited that candidate QTL was co-located in the region of 5.80-9.66 Mb at D01 chromosome in two F
populations. Using three InDel markers to genotype a population of 1241 individuals confirmed that the offspring's phenotype is consistent with the genotype. Comparative analysis of RNA-seq between the mutant and wild variety exhibited that Gh_D01G0592 was identified as the source of dwarfness from 200 genes. In addition, it was also revealed that the appropriate use of partial separation markers in QTL mapping can escalate linkage information.
Overwhelmingly, the results will provide the basis to reveal the function of candidate genes and the utilization of excellent dwarf genetic resources in the future.
Front Cover: Residual stresses in thermosets are hardly relieved in the glassy state. In article 2300735, however, Kangning Wu, Chenhui Cui, Jianying Li, and co‐workers demonstrate incredible ...residual stress reduction in polythiourethane incorporated with dynamic covalent bonds by simply annealing below the glass transition temperature (Tg), during which excellent properties gifted by the highly cross‐linked network of thermosets are well maintained.
Low‐symmetry 2D materials with unique anisotropic optical and optoelectronic characteristics have attracted a lot of interest in fundamental research and manufacturing of novel optoelectronic ...devices. Exploring new and low‐symmetry narrow‐bandgap 2D materials will be rewarding for the development of nanoelectronics and nano‐optoelectronics. Herein, sulfide niobium (NbS3), a novel transition metal trichalcogenide semiconductor with low‐symmetry structure, is introduced into a narrowband 2D material with strong anisotropic physical properties both experimentally and theoretically. The indirect bandgap of NbS3 with highly anisotropic band structures slowly decreases from 0.42 eV (monolayer) to 0.26 eV (bulk). Moreover, NbS3 Schottky photodetectors have excellent photoelectric performance, which enables fast photoresponse (11.6 µs), low specific noise current (4.6 × 10−25 A2 Hz−1), photoelectrical dichroic ratio (1.84) and high‐quality reflective polarization imaging (637 nm and 830 nm). A room‐temperature specific detectivity exceeding 107 Jones can be obtained at the wavelength of 3 µm. These excellent unique characteristics will make low‐symmetry narrow‐bandgap 2D materials become highly competitive candidates for future anisotropic optical investigations and mid‐infrared optoelectronic applications.
Novel 2D anisotropic sulfide niobium (NbS3) is introduced into the material family by demonstrating its in‐plane structure, phonon vibrations, and electrical and optical anisotropies. Meaningfully, NbS3 Schottky photodetectors exhibit broadband detection sensitivity (400–10 600 nm), excellent response time (as fast as 11 µs), photoelectrical dichroic ratio (1.84), and high‐quality polarization imaging.
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•High-strength mortar with excellent neutron shielding can be prepared with SAP.•The hydration degree of mortar increases with the increase of SAP.•SAP improves the shielding of ...mortar against fast neutrons.•With the same shielding effect, the addition of SAP results in a stronger mortar.
In order to meet the requirements of nuclear safety, it is important to prepare mortars that simultaneously mortar with high compressive strength and neutron shielding properties. In this study, acrylamide-saturated super absorbent polymer (0.1, 0.2, 0.3%) was added to high-strength mortar to investigate its effect on neutron shielding performance. The influence mechanism of compressive strength, phase composition, and microstructure was analyzed, and the neutron radiation shielding performance of mortar was evaluated by Monte Carlo N Particle Transport Code (MCNP) simulation software. The results showed that the fluidity and hydration degree increased with the addition of super absorbent polymer (SAP), which increased by at least 10% and 27% compared with the control group. Proper addition of SAP can refine the pore structure of the matrix in the mortar. The highest compressive strength of mortar (113 MPa) was achieved when adding 0.1 %SAP of the total mass of the mixture. In addition, the addition of saturated super absorbent polymer significantly improved the fast neutron shielding effect of mortar, with a shielding rate 55% higher than that of normal mortar. For the same moisture content, SAP water-augmented mortar has the same shielding capacity as direct water-augmented mortar, but the compressive strength was improved by 19%.
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•Biomass-derived carbon dots with unique sp2 conjugated structure.•The synergistic effect of fragmented graphitized structures embedded in the amorphous structure of carbon dots ...facilitates efficient electron transfer.•CDs with excellent electronic and physicochemical properties for boosting in vitro photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis by plants stores sunlight into chemicals and drives CO2 fixation into sugars with low biomass conversion efficiency due to the unoptimized solar spectrum utilization and various chemical conversion possibilities that follow H2O oxidation. Expanding the solar spectrum utilization and optimizing the charge transfer pathway of photosynthesis is critical to improving the conversion efficiency. Here, a group of carbon dots (CDs) with distinct content of sp2 CC domain are prepared by one-step carbonization of natural xylose, which penetrated natural chloroplasts and integrated with the grana thylakoid to promote in vitro photosynthesis. Structural characterization and electrochemical results reveal the positive impact of graphitization degree on the electron transport capacity of CDs. Classic Hill reaction and ATP production demonstrate the enhanced photosynthetic activity resulting from the CDs-mediated electron transfer of photosystem II. In-depth studies of the structure–function relationship prove the synergistic effect of intensified biotic-abiotic interaction between CDs and chloroplast, lower charge transfer resistance, and extended light absorption. This work posts a promising method to optimize electron transport and improve natural photosynthesis using artificial interventions.
Infrared transmitting materials (IRTMs) are prone to mechanical and corrosion damage during long‐time exposure to harsh outside environments. However, conventional IRTMs frequently lack ...self‐repairability that limit their lifespan. To address the limitation, thioctic acid‐based epoxy resins (TAEs) are developed from natural thioctic acid and commercial epoxy monomers. The double ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) reactions of thioctic acid and epoxy groups result in dual dynamic covalent bonds with varying bond energies containing relatively weak disulfide bonds and strong ester bonds. As compared with conventional covalent adaptable networks (CANs) that present rapid creep properties when heated, TAEs maintain their geometric stability during rapid self‐repairing at a mild temperature of 80 °C by enhancing network integrity through stable ester crosslinking points. The feature renders TAEs self‐repairing capability while maintaining precise geometrical dimensions, which is suitable for infrared transmitting devices. On the other hand, TAEs exhibit high near‐infrared transmittance (>80%). Therefore, TAEs with self‐repairability and high infrared transmittance demonstrate they can be used as superior polymeric IRTM.
Covalent adaptable networks with dual dynamic covalent bonds, termed thioctic acid‐based epoxy resins (TAEs), are developed. Among TAEs, the relatively weak disulfide bonds provide self‐healing properties and the strong β‐hydroxyester bonds endow TAEs with geometric stability. Combined with their tunable mechanical properties, minimal curing shrinkage, and robust chemical stability, TAEs show great potential for application in infrared‐transmitting polymeric materials.
Airway neutrophilia has been associated with asthma severity and asthma exacerbations. This study attempted to identify biomarkers, pathogenesis, and therapeutic molecular targets for severe asthma ...in neutrophils using bioinformatics analysis.
Fifteen healthy controls and 3 patients with neutrophilic severe asthma were screened from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Based on the analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), functional and pathway enrichment analyses, gene set enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction network construction, and analysis were performed. Moreover, small-molecule drug candidates have also been identified.
Three hundred and three upregulated and 59 downregulated genes were identified. Gene ontology function enrichment analyses were primarily related to inflammatory response, immune response, leukocyte migration, neutrophil chemotaxis, mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade, Jun N-terminal kinase cascade, I-kappaB kinase/nuclear factor-κB, and MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway. Pathway enrichment analyses and gene set enrichment analysis were mainly involved in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, the TNF signaling pathway, leukocyte transendothelial migration, and the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. Furthermore, 1 important module and 10 hub genes (CXCL8, TLR2, CXCL1, ICAM1, CXCR4, FPR2, SELL, PTEN, TREM1, and LEP) were identified in the protein-protein interaction network. Moreover, indoprofen, mimosine, STOCK1N-35874, trapidil, iloprost, aminoglutethimide, ajmaline, levobunolol, ethionamide, cefaclor, dimenhydrinate, and bethanechol are potential drugs for the treatment of neutrophil-predominant severe asthma.
This study identified potential biomarkers, pathogenesis, and therapeutic molecular targets for neutrophil-predominant severe asthma.
Inspired by mechanically interlocking supramolecular materials, exploiting the size difference between the bulky solvent and the cross‐linked network mesh, a molecular clogging (MC) effect is ...developed to effectively inhibit solvent migration in organogels. A bulky solvent (branched citrate ester, BCE) with a molecular size above 1.4 nm is designed and synthesized. Series of MC‐Gels are prepared by in situ polymerization of crosslinked polyurea with BCE as the gel solvent. The MC‐Gels are colorless, transparent, and highly homogeneous, show significantly improved stability than gels prepared with small molecule solvents. As solvent migration is strongly inhibited by molecular clogging, the solvent content of the gels can be precisely controlled, resulting in a series of MC‐Gels with continuously adjustable mechanics. In particular, the modulus of MC‐Gel can be regulated from 1.3 GPa to 30 kPa, with a variation of 43 000 times. The molecular clogging effect also provides MC‐Gels with unique high damping (maximum damping factor of 1.9), impact resistant mechanics (high impact toughness up to 40.68 MJ m−3). By applying shatter protection to items including eggs and ceramic armor plates, the potential of MC‐Gels as high strength, high damping soft materials for a wide range of applications is well demonstrated.
By exploiting the molecular clogging (MC) effect resulting from the size difference between the bulky solvent and the network mesh, a series of MC‐Gels exhibit excellent stability, with continuously adjustable modulus (from 1.3GPa to 30kPa) are obtained. MC‐Gels provide unique high damping factors up to 1.9 and have successfully demonstrated their outstanding performance in various impact protection applications.
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•TiN nanoparticles were synthesized via a facile ambient pressure chemical vapor deposition.•TiN NPs exhibit excellent sensing behaviors towards ethanol for the first time.•Hall ...Effect measurement for TiN NPs reveals a gas-sensing mechanism.
TiN, as a typical representative of transition metal nitrides (TMNs), has many excellent properties (higher electrical conductivity and chemical inertness). These features are of great importance for developing novel resistive chemical gas sensing. Here, we presented a facile ambient pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD) for the synthesis of TiN nanoparticles (NPs). Our result shows that TiN NPs exhibit excellent gas sensing behaviors towards ethanol gas. The high response and good stability towards ethanol gas was realized for the first time. Moreover, in order to elucidate the sensing mechanism, the carrier concentration and mobility in air and ethanol gas was studied for TiN NPs, offering a direct evidence for explaining the sensing behavior. Interestingly, the carrier concentrations play an important role in fast response ethanol gas. This study reveals that TiN could be a promising candidate for ethanol sensing, opening up new directions for applications in industrial control, environmental safety and other fields.
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