We show that introducing R2-term makes the Higgs-inflation and Higgs-dilaton inflation consistent models: the strong coupling energy scales in scalar, gauge and gravity sectors all are lifted up to ...the Planck scale.
Phenomenology of GeV-scale heavy neutral leptons Bondarenko, Kyrylo; Boyarsky, Alexey; Gorbunov, Dmitry ...
The journal of high energy physics,
11/2018, Volume:
2018, Issue:
11
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
A
bstract
We review and revise phenomenology of the GeV-scale heavy neutral leptons (HNLs). We extend the previous analyses by including more channels of HNLs production and decay and provide with ...more refined treatment, including QCD corrections for the HNLs of masses
O
(1) GeV. We summarize the relevance of individual production and decay channels for different masses, resolving a few discrepancies in the literature. Our final results are directly suitable for sensitivity studies of particle physics experiments (ranging from proton beam-dump to the LHC) aiming at searches for heavy neutral leptons.
This book is written from the viewpoint of a deep connection between cosmology and particle physics. It presents the results and ideas on both the homogeneous and isotropic Universe at the hot stage ...of its evolution and in later stages. The main chapters describe in a systematic and pedagogical way established facts and concepts on the early and the present Universe. The comprehensive treatment, hence, serves as a modern introduction to this rapidly developing field of science. To help in reading the chapters without having to constantly consult other texts, essential materials from General Relativity and the theory of elementary particles are collected in the appendices. Various hypotheses dealing with unsolved problems of cosmology, and often alternative to each other, are discussed at a more advanced level. These concern dark matter, dark energy, matter-antimatter asymmetry, etc.
The recent confirmation by FNAL of the (g−2)μ muon anomaly gives strong evidence for the possible existence of new physics beyond the Standard Model in the muon sector. Thus it is worthy to revisit ...the existing experimental constraints on models suggesting theoretically consistent explanations of the anomaly. In this work, we point out that accounting for the loss of coherence between the wave packets (mass states) of solar neutrinos is important for setting limits on any model with new flavor-sensitive couplings in the neutrino sector. By taking into account this effect and considering more accurately the experimental constraints from the BOREXINO measurement of the 7Be solar neutrino interaction rate we corrected the limits previously placed on the coupling of the light Z′ to Lμ-Lτ current in the parameter space relevant to the muon (g−2)μ.
We present first estimates of NICA sensitivity to Standard Model extensions with light hypothetical particles singlet under the known gauge transformations. Our analysis reveals that NICA can explore ...new regions in the parameter spaces of models with a hidden vector and models with an axion-like particle of masses about 30-500 MeV. Some of these regions seem unreachable by other ongoing and approved future projects. NICA has good prospects in discovery (5σ) of the new physics after 1 year of data taking.
We calculate the signal rate of hypothetical heavy neutral leptons (HNL or sterile neutrinos) from kaon decays expected in the framework of the SHiP experiment. The kaons are produced in the hadronic ...shower initiated in the beam-dump mode by 400 GeV protons from CERN SPS. For a sufficiently light HNL (when the decays are kinematically allowed) we find kaon decays to be a noticeably richer source of HNL as compared to D-meson decays adopted in previous studies of the HNL phenomenology at SHiP. In particular, SHiP is capable of fully exploring the central part of the kinematically allowed region of the HNL mass and mixing with electron and muon neutrinos down to the lower cosmological bound. The latter is associated with HNL decays in the early Universe to energetic products rescattering off and thus destroying light nuclei produced at the primordial nucleosynthesis. A consistency of the HNL model with smaller mixing would require either a hierarchy – much larger mixing of all the HNL with tau neutrino – or non-standard cosmology and new ingredients in the HNL sector, closing the room for the minimal non-seesaw type I model with sterile neutrinos lighter than kaons.
We argue that the fixed target experiment PS191 operating on a proton beam of 19.2 GeV at CERN in the eighties was sensitive to hypothetical light scalars produced by mesons and decaying to charged ...particles. The experiment was dedicated to searches for sterile neutrinos produced in weak meson decays and decaying into final states with pairs of charged particles: electrons and muons. Two charged tracks from the same point have been adopted as the signal signature. Exploiting the same signature we use the negative results of searches at PS191 and place new limits on the light scalars coupled to the Standard Model (SM) particles via mixing with the Higgs boson. In particular, previously allowed region of masses 100–150 MeV and mixing above 4×10−4 is disfavored. Our analysis can be extended straightforwardly to models with other patterns of scalar couplings to SM particles.
This book accompanies another book by the same authors, Introduction to the Theory of the Early Universe: Hot Big Bang Theory and presents the theory of the evolution of density perturbations and ...relic gravity waves, theory of cosmological inflation and post-inflationary reheating. Written in a pedagogical style, the main chapters give a detailed account of the established theory, with derivation of formulas. Being self-contained, it is a useful textbook for advanced undergraduate students and graduate students. Essential materials from General Relativity, theory of Gaussian random fields and quantum field theory are collected in the appendices. The more advanced topics are approached similarly in a pedagogical way. These parts may serve as a detailed introduction to current research.
Hypothetical particles with tiny electric charges (millicharged particles or MCPs) can be produced in electron-positron annihilation if kinematically allowed. Typical searches for them at e+e− ...colliders exploit a signature of a single photon with missing energy carried away by the undetected MCP pair. We put forward an idea to look alternatively for MCP energy deposits inside a tracker, which is a direct observation. The new signature is relevant for non-relativistic MCPs, and we illustrate its power on the example of the c-τ factory, where we argued that the corresponding searches may be background-free. We find that it can probe the MCP charge down to 3×10−3 of the electron charge for the MCP masses in O(5) MeV vicinity of each energy beam value where the factory will collect a luminosity of 100 fb−1 in one year. This mass region is unreachable with the searches for missing energy and single photon.
Recent cosmological data favor R2-inflation and some amount of non-standard dark radiation in the Universe. We show that a framework of high energy scale invariance can explain these data. The ...spontaneous breaking of this symmetry provides gravity with the Planck mass and particle physics with the electroweak scale. We found that the corresponding massless Nambu–Goldstone bosons – dilatons – are produced at reheating by the inflaton decay right at the amount needed to explain primordial abundances of light chemical elements and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background. Then we extended the discussion on the interplay with Higgs-inflation and on general class of inflationary models where dilatons are allowed and may form the dark radiation. As a result we put a lower limit on the reheating temperature in a general scale invariant model of inflation.
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