Allergic rhinitis Greiner, Alexander N, MD; Hellings, Peter W, MD; Rotiroti, Guiseppina, MD ...
The Lancet (British edition),
12/2011, Volume:
378, Issue:
9809
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Summary Allergic rhinitis is a very common disorder that affects people of all ages, peaking in the teenage years. It is frequently ignored, underdiagnosed, misdiagnosed, and mistreated, which not ...only is detrimental to health but also has societal costs. Although allergic rhinitis is not a serious illness, it is clinically relevant because it underlies many complications, is a major risk factor for poor asthma control, and affects quality of life and productivity at work or school. Management of allergic rhinitis is best when directed by guidelines. A diagnostic trial of a pharmacotherapeutic agent could be started in people with clinically identified allergic rhinitis; however, to confirm the diagnosis, specific IgE reactivity needs to be recorded. Documented IgE reactivity has the added benefit of guiding implementation of environmental controls, which could substantially ameliorate symptoms of allergic rhinitis and might prevent development of asthma, especially in an occupational setting. Many classes of drug are available, effective, and safe. In meta-analyses, intranasal corticosteroids are superior to other treatments, have a good safety profile, and treat all symptoms of allergic rhinitis effectively. First-generation antihistamines are associated with sedation, psychomotor retardation, and reduced academic performance. Only immunotherapy with individually targeted allergens has the potential to alter the natural history of allergic rhinitis. Patients' education is a vital component of treatment. Even with the best pharmacotherapy, one in five affected individuals remains highly symptomatic, and further research is needed in this area.
We present the calculation of the cross section and invariant mass distribution for Higgs boson pair production in gluon fusion at next-to-leading order (NLO) in QCD. Top-quark masses are fully taken ...into account throughout the calculation. The virtual two-loop amplitude has been generated using an extension of the program GoSam supplemented with an interface to Reduze for the integral reduction. The occurring integrals have been calculated numerically using the program SecDec. Our results, including the full top-quark mass dependence for the first time, allow us to assess the validity of various approximations proposed in the literature, which we also recalculate. We find substantial deviations between the NLO result and the different approximations, which emphasizes the importance of including the full top-quark mass dependence at NLO.
The existence of scale invariant physics would lead to new phenomena in particle physics that could be detected at the LHC. In this Letter we exploit the effects of these unparticles in WW→WW ...scattering. From the requirement of unitarity we derive constraints on unparticle physics. We show that the existence of unparticles would lead to deviations in differential cross sections which can be measured. These deviations are sensitive on the scale dimension and on the spin characteristics of the unparticles.
A
bstract
We study the effects of the exact top quark mass-dependent two-loop corrections to Higgs boson pair production by gluon fusion at the LHC and at a 100 TeV hadron collider. We perform a ...detailed comparison of the full next-to-leading order result to various approximations at the level of differential distributions and also analyse non-standard Higgs self-coupling scenarios. We find that the different next-to-leading order approximations differ from the full result by up to 50 percent in relevant differential distributions. This clearly stresses the importance of the full NLO result.
We compute the cross section for the production of a high-mass photon pair in association with two hadronic jets to next-to-leading order in quantum chromodynamics. Our results allow us for the first ...time to reliably predict the absolute normalization of this process and demonstrate that the shape of important kinematical distributions is modified by higher-order effects. The perturbative corrections will be an important ingredient in precision studies of Higgs boson properties from its production in association with two jets.
Dynamical polarization of nuclear spin ensembles is of central importance for magnetic resonance studies, precision sensing and for applications in quantum information theory. Here we propose a ...scheme to generate long-lived singlet pairs in an unpolarized nuclear spin ensemble which is dipolar coupled to the electron spins of a Nitrogen Vacancy center in diamond. The quantum mechanical back-action induced by frequent spin-selective readout of the NV centers allows the nuclear spins to pair up into maximally entangled singlet pairs. Counterintuitively, the robustness of the pair formation to dephasing noise improves with increasing size of the spin ensemble. We also show how the paired nuclear spin state allows for enhanced sensing capabilities of NV centers in diamond.
Physics at the e+e- linear collider Moortgat-Pick, G.; Baer, H.; Battaglia, M. ...
The European physical journal. C, Particles and fields,
08/2015, Volume:
75, Issue:
8
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
A comprehensive review of physics at an
e
+
e
-
linear collider in the energy range of
s
=
92
GeV–3 TeV is presented in view of recent and expected LHC results, experiments from low-energy as well ...as astroparticle physics. The report focusses in particular on Higgs-boson, top-quark and electroweak precision physics, but also discusses several models of beyond the standard model physics such as supersymmetry, little Higgs models and extra gauge bosons. The connection to cosmology has been analysed as well.
Vbfnlo is a fully flexible parton level Monte Carlo program for the simulation of vector boson fusion, double and triple vector boson production in hadronic collisions at next-to-leading order in the ...strong coupling constant.
Vbfnlo includes Higgs and vector boson decays with full spin correlations and all off-shell effects. In addition,
Vbfnlo implements
CP
-even and
CP
-odd Higgs boson via gluon fusion, associated with two jets, at the leading-order one-loop level with the full top- and bottom-quark mass dependence in a generic two-Higgs-doublet model.
A variety of effects arising from beyond the Standard Model physics are implemented for selected processes. This includes anomalous couplings of Higgs and vector bosons and a Warped Higgsless extra dimension model. The program offers the possibility to generate Les Houches Accord event files for all processes available at leading order.
Program title:
Vbfnlo
Catalogue identifier: AEDO_v1_0
Program summary URL:
http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/AEDO_v1_0.html
Program obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen's University, Belfast, N. Ireland
Licensing provisions: GPL version 2
No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 339 218
No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 2 620 847
Distribution format: tar.gz
Programming language: Fortran, parts in C++
Computer: All
Operating system: Linux, should also work on other systems
Classification: 11.1, 11.2
External routines: Optionally Les Houches Accord PDF Interface library and the GNU Scientific library
Nature of problem: To resolve the large scale dependence inherent in leading order calculations and to quantify the cross section error induced by uncertainties in the determination of parton distribution functions, it is necessary to include NLO corrections. Moreover, whenever stringent cuts are required on decay products and/or identified jets the question arises whether the scale dependence and a k-factor, defined as the ratio of NLO to LO cross section, determined for the inclusive production cross sections are valid for the search region one is interested in.
Solution method: The problem is best addressed by implementing the one-loop QCD corrections in a fully flexible NLO parton-level Monte Carlo program, where arbitrary cuts can be specified as well as various scale choices. In addition, any currently available parton distribution function set can be used through the LHAPDF library.
Running time: Depending on the process studied. Usually from minutes to hours.
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