: Granulocytes and monocytes/macrophages (GM) are known to constitute extra‐hepatic sites for hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication and dissemination. Accordingly, we thought that selective GM ...adsorptive apheresis (GMA) might contribute to the treatment of HCV in patients with high viremia (HCV‐RNA > 100 kIU/mL). Of six patients (three males and three females), mean age 62.2 years, five had not responded to interferon‐α (INF‐α) and one was INF‐α naïve. Each patient received five GMA sessions, once a week for 5 weeks. The two antecubital veins were used as blood access and return lines and the apheresis was performed at 30 mL/min for 60 min. Treatment efficacy was assessed by monitoring changes in plasma HCV‐RNA and aminotransferase. Granulocyte and monocyte/macrophage adsorptive apheresis was well tolerated. During each GMA, there was on average a 52.9% fall in plasma HCV‐RNA, but HCV‐RNA increased again during the time before the next GMA. There was no marked change in either aminotransferase during GMA. Furthermore, beyond the last GMA, HCV‐RNA increased together with worsening aminotransferase in three of six patients. In conclusion, it would appear that GMA can partially reduce plasma HCV and GMA at a frequency of one session/week for 5 consecutive weeks but that this was inadequate to induce a sustained decrease in plasma HCV‐RNA in patients with high viremia without simultaneous administration of antiviral medications. The most effective frequency of GMA needs to be determined in future clinical studies.
Norharman, abundantly present in cigarette smoke and cooked foods, is not mutagenic to
Salmonella typhimurium strains. However, norharman shows mutagenicity to
S. typhimurium TA98 and YG1024 in the ...presence of S9 mix when coexisting with aromatic amines, including aniline,
o- and
m-toluidines. We previously reported that the mutagenicity from norharman and aniline in the presence of S9 mix was due to the formation of a mutagenic compound, 9-(4′-aminophenyl)-9
H-pyrido3,4-
bindole (aminophenylnorharman). In the present study, we analyzed the mutagens produced by norharman with
o- or
m-toluidine in the presence of S9 mix. When norharman and
o-toluidine were reacted at 37°C for 20
min, two mutagenic compounds, which were mutagenic with and without S9 mix, respectively, were produced, and these were isolated by HPLC. The former mutagen was deduced to be 9-(4′-amino-3′-methylphenyl)-9
H-pyrido3,4-
bindole (amino-3′-methylphenylnorharman) on the basis of various spectral data, and this new heterocyclic amine was confirmed by its chemical synthesis. The latter mutagen was identified to be the hydroxyamino derivative. Amino-3′-methylphenylnorharman induced 41,000 revertants of TA98, and 698,000 revertants of YG1024 per μg with S9 mix. Formation of the same DNA adducts was observed in YG1024 when amino-3′-methylphenylnorharman or a mixture of norharman plus
o-toluidine was incubated with S9 mix. These observations suggest that norharman reacts with
o-toluidine in the presence of S9 mix to produce amino-3′-methylphenylnorharman, and this compound is metabolically activated to yield its hydroxyamino derivative. After activation by
O-acetyltransferase, it might bind to DNA and exert mutagenicity in
S. typhimurium TA98 and YG1024. When norharman and
m-toluidine were reacted in the presence of S9 mix, 9-(4′-amino-2′-methylphenyl)-9
H-pyrido3,4-
bindole (amino-2′-methylphenylnorharman) was identified as a mutagen. Thus, the mutagenicity of norharman with
m-toluidine may follow a mechanism similar to that with
o-toluidine.
We have prepared three different methyl acetal acryl polymers (2-admantyloxy methyl: AdOM, 1-methyladamantyloxy methyl: MAdOM and 4-oxo-2-admantyloxy methyl: OAdOM) to evaluate polymer properties ...compared with 2-methyl-2-admantyl (MAd). It was found from the thermal analysis, that the Tg of methyl acetal polymers are lower than that of MAd and Td of methyl acetal polymers are higher than that of MAd. We have found that the acid catalyzed deprotection reactivity of methyl acetal polymers (AdOM and MAdOM) resists are higher than that of MAd resist and the dissolution of methyl acetal polymers film were accelerated with 30 % more deprotection using FT-IR study. In addition, the AdOM resist displayed a good PEB sensitivity of 120 nm 1:1 dense line pattern with values of 3.43 nm/ °C, when the MAd resist displayed 4.29 nm/ °C.
New
tert-butyl, picolyl and fluorinated analogues of capromorelin (
3), a short-acting growth hormone secretagogue (GHS), were prepared as part of a program to identify long-acting GHSs that increase ...24-h plasma IGF-1 levels. Compounds
4c and
4d (ACD LogD values ≥2.9) displayed extended plasma elimination half-lives in dogs, primarily due to high volumes of distribution, but showed weak GH secretagogue activities in rats (ED
50s>10 mg/kg). A less lipophilic derivative
4 (ACD LogD=1.6) exhibited a shorter canine half-life, but stimulated GH secretion in two animal species. Repeat oral dosing of
4 in dogs for 29 days (6 mg/kg) resulted in a significant down-regulation of the post dose GH response and a 60 and 40% increase in IGF-1 levels relative to pre-dose levels at the 8- and 24-h post dose time points. Compound
4 (CP-464709-18) has been selected as a development candidate for the treatment of frailty.
New longer-acting analogues of capromorelin, a dipeptide growth hormone secretagogue (GHS), are described, including
4.
Interleukin-18 (IL-18), a unique cytokine that stimulates both T helper 1 (Th1) and Th2 responses, is associated with acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), the major limiting toxicity following ...allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Here, we investigated the mechanism underlying the upregulation of IL-18 receptor (IL-18R) expression on T cells in murine aGVHD models. The induction of aGVHD elevated host serum IL-12 levels and increased expression of IL-18Ralpha chain (IL-18Ralpha) on engrafted T cells, in particular on CD8+ T cells. However, IL-18Ralpha expression did not increase on the CD4+ T cells of an IL-12-deficient host, indicating the IL-12-dependent upregulation of IL-18Ralpha expression on CD4+ T cells during aGVHD. Purified donor CD8+ T cells transferred in the host increased IL-18Ralpha expression. In vitro experiments showed that IL-18Ralpha expression upregulated on CD8+ T cells but not on CD4+ T cells on stimulation through the T cell receptor (TCR). These results suggest that IL-18Ralpha expression is differentially upregulated between CD4+ and CD8+ T cells during aGVHD, depending on endogenous IL-12 and TCR engagement, respectively.
Machine Learning Techniques for Prediction of Mental Health Jain, Tarun; Jain, Ashish; Hada, Priyank Singh ...
2021 Third International Conference on Inventive Research in Computing Applications (ICIRCA),
2021-Sept.-2
Conference Proceeding
Suicide is the 2 nd leading cause of death in the world, for those aged 15-24 and about 800,000 victims of suicide yearly (all age), which is about 40 per second. Behavioural health disorder, ...explicitly depression, are the type of health concerns, not many are aware of. There is no way one can get treatment of something they are not aware of. So, classifying potential health disordered person is the first step towards prevention. Lifestyle is something which defines individual the best. Lifestyle including Income, age group, martial status, child, property owned, alcohol or tobacco consumption, medical expenditure, insurance or other type of investment and many more. Using 76 such kind of attributes, model will predict if the individual is victim of depression or not. The proposed model has used eight mainstream ML calculation methods, namely (Decision tree (DT), Random Forest(RF), Support Vector Machine(SVM), Naïve Bayes(NB), Logistic Regression(LR), XGBoost(XGB), Gradient Boosting Classifier(GBC) and Artificial Neural Network(ANN) to build up the expectation models utilizing a huge dataset (1429 individual's survey), bringing about precise and productive dynamics. By using various strategies and different model, this research work has attempted to get a clear and precise picture. The reason to follow various approaches is that, precise the information, work in a better way and reduce the number of suicide case. The final outcome received was 87.38 percent, which was using Support Vector Machine (SVM).
Population aging is becoming an increasingly pressing problem for society. Thus, the timely development of supporting systems to improve care cost and the quality of life of the elderly is becoming ...particularly
important. Because of the dispersal of the elderly and disabled, a standard software architecture that can implement network-distributed software sharing and improve the cost of writing and maintaining
software is in high demand. This paper proposes using distributing computing technology CORBA to integrate network-distributed software and robotic systems for supporting the aged or disabled. Using CORBA
as a communication architecture, we implemented a networkdistributed human-assistance robotic system. We developed a hardware base including a robot arm and an omnidirectional mobile robot, developed key
technologies such as localization of a mobile robot, real-time recognition, real-time multimedia, and implemented several CORBA servers including a Web user management server, a task-level robot arm control
server, a live image and video feedback server, a mobile robot control server, and an indoor Global Positioning System server. With the user controlling a robot arm with 5 d.o.f. to cooperate with an omnidirectional
mobile robot, the developed system can provide basic services to support the aged and disabled.
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