Hepatic lipid accumulation is closely associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Adipose-triglyceride-lipase (ATGL) regulates triglyceride hydrolysis and maintains energy homeostasis ...in hepatocytes. Identifying key factors in the regulation of ATGL will help tackle hepatic lipid accumulation and related metabolic diseases. Herein, we demonstrate that syntaxin11 (STX11), a member of the SNARE family, generally expressed in immune cells, mediates lipid metabolism by binding to ATGL and inhibiting lipid droplet degradation and lipid autophagy in hepatocytes. Our data show that the C-terminal of STX11 and the patatin domain-containing segment of ATGL have direct physical interactions. Thus, STX11 overexpression prevents spatial translocation of ATGL onto LDs by recruitment of ATGL to the ER. Conversely, STX11 deficiency in hepatocytes promotes lipid hydrolysis, and the ATGL-SIRT1 signaling pathway enhances lipophagy. Overall, this study uncovered that the regulation of lipolysis and lipophagy is achieved by STX11 through the attenuation of ATGL action in hepatocytes.
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•STX11 inhibits lipid droplet degradation via ATGL in hepatocytes•Interaction of ATGL and STX11 affects trafficking of ATGL•STX11 suppresses lipophagy in association with ATGL and SIRT1
Biological sciences; Physiology; Molecular biology; Endocrinology; Cell biology
Distributed strain monitoring for different composites structures has been accomplished with high resolution based on optical fiber frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) system. The dynamic ...measurement range and spatial resolution of the system can be adjusted according to the objects to be monitored. In order to verify the reliability of the system, theoretical and experimental studies have been carried out. The physical model structures have been established. The sensing fiber was pasted onto the physical structure. The finite element analysis software ANSYS has been used to build 3D models of the structures in experiments, including the aluminum alloy cantilever beam model and the carbon fiber reinforced composite plate model. The simulated strain curves have been acquired based on the composite material analysis and the static analysis of module simulation according to the actual load. The experimental strain curves have been obtained by the established OFDR system. The theoretical and experimental results show that the system can achieve the spatial resolution of 1.3 mm within the measurement range of 50 m. Under certain load conditions, the maximum error between the experimental measurement results and the theoretical simulation results of the strain distribution is 2.62% for the aluminum alloy cantilever beam, and that is 2.65% for the carbon fiber reinforced composite sheet. The results verified the reliability of the OFDR system for distributed monitoring of strain.
(1) Background: Chest radiographs are the mainstay of initial radiological investigation in this COVID-19 pandemic. A reliable and readily deployable artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm that ...detects pneumonia in COVID-19 suspects can be useful for screening or triage in a hospital setting. This study has a few objectives: first, to develop a model that accurately detects pneumonia in COVID-19 suspects; second, to assess its performance in a real-world clinical setting; and third, by integrating the model with the daily clinical workflow, to measure its impact on report turn-around time. (2) Methods: The model was developed from the NIH Chest-14 open-source dataset and fine-tuned using an internal dataset comprising more than 4000 CXRs acquired in our institution. Input from two senior radiologists provided the reference standard. The model was integrated into daily clinical workflow, prioritising abnormal CXRs for expedited reporting. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), F1 score, sensitivity, and specificity were calculated to characterise diagnostic performance. The average time taken by radiologists in reporting the CXRs was compared against the mean baseline time taken prior to implementation of the AI model. (3) Results: 9431 unique CXRs were included in the datasets, of which 1232 were ground truth-labelled positive for pneumonia. On the "live" dataset, the model achieved an AUC of 0.95 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.92, 0.96) corresponding to a specificity of 97% (95% CI: 0.97, 0.98) and sensitivity of 79% (95% CI: 0.72, 0.84). No statistically significant degradation of diagnostic performance was encountered during clinical deployment, and report turn-around time was reduced by 22%. (4) Conclusion: In real-world clinical deployment, our model expedites reporting of pneumonia in COVID-19 suspects while preserving diagnostic performance without significant model drift.
The New Delhi Metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) is among the most threatening forms of carbapenemases produced by
, well-known to cause severe worldwide infections. The molecular epidemiology of
-harboring
...is not well elucidated in Pakistan. Herein, we aim to determine the antibiotics-resistance profile, genes type, molecular type, and plasmid analysis of 125 clinically isolated
strains from urine samples during July 2018 to January 2019 in Pakistan. A total of 34 (27.2%)
isolates were carbapenemases producers, and 23 (18.4%) harbored the
gene. The other carbapenemases encoding genes, i.e.,
(7.2%),
(3.2%), and
(2.4%) were also detected. The Multi Locus Sequence Typing (MLST) results revealed that all
-harboring isolates were ST11. The other sequence types detected were ST1, ST37, and ST105. The cluster analysis of Xbal Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) revealed variation amongst the clusters of the identical sequence type isolates. The
gene in all of the isolates was located on a 45-kb IncX3 plasmid, successfully transconjugated. For the first time,
-bearing IncX3 plasmids were identified from Pakistan, and this might be a new primary vehicle for disseminating
in Enterobacteriaceae as it has a high rate of transferability.
Compared with the overhead transmission line, gas insulated transmission lines (gil) occupies less land area, has higher insulation reliability, and is increasingly widely used in the field of power ...transmission. under actual working conditions, gil will withstand a variety of voltages, such as ac, dc and impulse voltages. under such conditions, electric charges will accumulate on the surface of the gil tri-post insulator, which will enhance local electric field and affect the surface flashover voltage. based on the measurement method of electrostatic capacitance probe, a surface charge measurement device for gil tri-post insulator was developed in this paper to capture the surface charge accumulation characteristics of tri-post insulator under different voltages insf6. according to the structural characteristics of the tri-post insulator, a set of three-dimensional motion control mechanism is designed to control four probes to scan the surface of insulator in the post zone, the sphere zone and the junction zone of post and sphere with high precision. the calibration experimental results show that the system has high sensitivity and accuracy. for the side probe of post zone, the charge resolution is 0.0290c/(m2·nv) and the spatial resolution is 4.6mm2, for the 1# arc probe of post zone, the charge resolution is 0.0237c/(m2·nv) and the spatial resolution is 5.1mm2, for the 2# arc probe of post zone, the charge resolution is 0.0245c/(m2·n v) and the spatial resolution is 5.0mm2, for the sphere probe, the charge resolution is 0.0165c/(m2·n v) and the spatial resolution is 6.7mm2
The gas sensing adsorption performance of the graphene-like two dimensional material, Zinc oxide monolayer (g-ZnO), was studied using first principle calculation to exploit its potential as polluted ...gas sensing materials. The common polluted gas molecules, CO, H 2 S, NH 3 , SO 2 , NO and NO 2 were selected to examine their affinity with g-ZnO monolayer according to binding energy, charge transfer, adsorption distance and variation of the bond length and angle. The calculation results show that CO is weakly physically adsorbed on g-ZnO, while H 2 S, NH 3 and NO exhibit relatively stronger interaction with g-ZnO with moderate adsorption energies in the range of - 0.375 to -0.618 eV. Likewise, SO 2 and NO 2 show the highest reactivity towards g-ZnO with the highest adsorption energies of -0.754 and -0.769 eV, respectively and the largest charge transfers and shortest adsorption distances. The results indicate that g-ZnO can be a suitable materials for the detection of H 2 S, NH 3 and NO gases and also a promising candidates as a catalyst for SO 2 and NO 2 .
Recent reports on the electrical properties of two-dimensional (2D) boron phosphide (BP) monolayer exhibits that it is expected to be used for nanoscale device. Here, we investigate the adsorption of ...hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) gas molecules on pure and doped BP monolayer systems with first-principles calculations to exploit their potential applications in gas sensing. Our results predict that H 2 S gas molecules show stronger adsorption interactions on impurities-doped BP over the original BP monolayer. Both boron (B) and phosphorus (P) substitute doping methods are considered. Al-doped BP (Al-BP) shows the highest sensitivity to H 2 S, but P replacement Al-BP is more suitable as a sensor for H 2 S due to the moderate adsorption energy. Moreover, the B and P vacancy defects are also considered. Furtherly, analysis of band structure, the charge density differences (CDD), and density of state (DOS) show a positive change of electronic property when H 2 S gas molecules adsorbed on pristine/doped BP monolayer. This work explores the possibility of BP as a superior sensor through introducing the appropriate dopant and vacancy defects.
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