Background: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a direct cause of maternal death all over the world. A Bakri balloon is recommended by American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) and World ...Health Organization (WHO) as a treatment line for PPH unresponsive to uterotonics. We carried out a systematic review to assess the safety and effectiveness of Bakri balloon in the management of PPH.
Methods: We searched PubMed, SCOPUS, central Cochrane, and Web of Science, from 2001 to 2018 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies to assess the safety and effectiveness of Bakri balloon on refractory PPH.
Results: Twenty-eight articles were included for analysis. The primary indication for the use of a Bakri balloon tamponade was PPH. Only 67.9% (19/28) quantified the estimate blood loss necessary to use the balloon. Uterine atony was the underlying cause of PPH in 75% (21/28) of studies. Most of the studies on Bakri balloon are followed by vaginal birth (3/4). Bakri balloon displacement from the uterine cavity was reported by five publications, with the overall rate being 9% (95% CI: 5-15%). Hysterectomy was necessary for 1% (95% CI: 0-8%) of the women who required the balloon.
Conclusions: Bakri balloon seems to be a less effective tool for management of PPH either after vaginal or cesarean delivery.
Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a direct cause of maternal death all over the world. A Bakri balloon is recommended by American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) and World Health ...Organization (WHO) as a treatment line for PPH unresponsive to uterotonics. We carried out a systematic review to assess the safety and effectiveness of Bakri balloon in the management of PPH.
We searched PubMed, SCOPUS, central Cochrane, and Web of Science, from 2001 to 2018 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies to assess the safety and effectiveness of Bakri balloon on refractory PPH.
Twenty-eight articles were included for analysis. The primary indication for the use of a Bakri balloon tamponade was PPH. Only 67.9% (19/28) quantified the estimate blood loss necessary to use the balloon. Uterine atony was the underlying cause of PPH in 75% (21/28) of studies. Most of the studies on Bakri balloon are followed by vaginal birth (3/4). Bakri balloon displacement from the uterine cavity was reported by five publications, with the overall rate being 9% (95% CI: 5-15%). Hysterectomy was necessary for 1% (95% CI: 0-8%) of the women who required the balloon.
Bakri balloon seems to be a less effective tool for management of PPH either after vaginal or cesarean delivery.
Automated License Plate Detection and Recognition (ALPDR) system is a technology that automatically detects and recognizes the license plate from a video or an image. An ALPDR system is usually a 3 ...steps process; license plate detection, segmentation of characters, and finally recognition. For an effective ALPDR system, every step of the process should be highly accurate and robust. This is a very active research field and many researchers are working towards building an effective ALPDR and proposed various recognition systems for Bangladeshi license plates. In this paper, we propose a real-time end-to-end ALPDR system for Bangladeshi vehicles. Our proposed system has three sub-systems which are Detection, Segmentation, and Recognition. For the detection of license plate, we have used a real-time detection model called You Only Look Once (Yolov4) and achieved a very high accuracy of 99.89%. For segmentation, we have implemented an existing greedy graph-based segmentation algorithm which has 99.52% overall accuracy. For recognition, we have developed a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based model which achieved a 99.33% fl-score and is quite generalized. Moreover, we have created the largest Bangladeshi-Licence-Plate dataset consisting of 5087 diverse images of vehicles captured from the streets of Bangladesh.
