Operation management models have been developed according to changes in society's demands, such as better working conditions, clean production, recyclable and reusable products, and improving social ...conditions. Thus, new challenges in developing sustainable management models, particularly for manufacturing processes, have emerged. Lean Manufacturing and Value Stream Mapping (VSM) have been widely used to develop manufacturing processes without wastes in the production flow. However, current indicators of the VSM tool have not identified the economic, social and environmental factors. This work aims to propose a conceptual method to integrate a new group of sustainability indicators into the VSM tool to assess manufacturing processes. The development of sustainability indicators was performed through analysis of the assessment models of sustainability and sustainability indicators in the period of 2009–2014. The method was applied in three case studies, and the results demonstrated that the proposed method identified different levels of sustainability of manufacturing processes and thus enabled the development of improved scenarios. In this sense, the results contributed to the literature with the proposition of new sustainability indicators related to the manufacturing process. The case studies enabled evaluation of the interaction of a new group of sustainability indicators in different manufacturing processes.
The evolution of the concept of sustainability associated with the demands of society has transformed the management models of manufacturing systems. Several models of sustainability evaluation based ...on indicators that represent the economic, environmental and social dimensions of the triple bottom line (TBL) concept have been proposed in the literature. However, the definition and coverage of sustainability indicators have become a challenge. Thus, the aim of this article is to propose a sustainability evaluation model based on a correlation matrix between the dimensions of the TBL concept and the perspectives (learning and growth, process, market and financial) of the balanced scorecard (BSC) management model. Based on the literature review, this study proposes performance indicators for each of these correlations, obtained via the TBL X BSC matrix, which resulted in the sustainability evaluation model. This model also provides a governance logic establishing a flow to assure the compliance of the matrix. The proposed model was applied to a Brazilian manufacturer in the market of food and beverage, through visits and interviews. This application showed that the 12 correlations of the TBL X BSC matrix allow for a comprehensive and detailed evaluation of a manufacturing system, because it involves the TBL dimensions and the BSC perspectives, and enables the definition of indicators for each correlation. The model can also be useful for defining performance indicators for sustainability assessment models and can be integrated into multi-criteria decision methods to improve organizational sustainability and performance.
Remaining competitive and profitable in addition to meet environmental and social demands, mandated by regulation and valued by the stakeholders, is a current challenge for companies. This scenario ...has awakened the interest of academics in the association of sustainability with organizational performance, creating models such as SEM (Sustainability Evaluation Model). This article aims to validate the practical application of SEM as useful to managerial decision-making process in a multi-case study in the factories of a Brazilian food and beverage manufacturer. Based on the TBL X BSC matrix, integrating sustainability and performance concepts, SEM has provided managers with a clear view of business units performance, naming their gaps to improve performance and enabling a classification among them. In addition, the correlation analysis allowed the company to clearly identify its differentials from competitors, which in this study was its focus on people as the basis for a competitive operation.
Objective:
The aim of this article is to analyze the influence of the variability of the standard time in the simulation of the assembly operations of manufacturing systems.
Background:
Discrete ...event simulation (DES) has been used to provide efficient analysis during the design of a process or scenario. However, the modeling activities of new configurations face the problem of data availability and reliability when it comes to seeking standard times that are effective in representing the actual process under analysis, especially when the process cannot be monitored.
Method:
The methods-time measurement (MTM) is used as a source of standard times for simulation. Assembly activities were performed at a Learning Factory facility, which provided the necessary structure for simulating real production processes. Simulation performances using different variability of standard times were analyzed to define the impact of data characteristics.
Results:
The MTM standard time presented an error of approximately 5%. The definition of the data variability of standard times and the statistical distribution impacts were shown in the simulation results, with errors above 6% being observed, interfering with the model reliability.
Conclusion:
Based on the study, to increase the adherence of a simulation to represent a real process, it is recommended to use triangular distributions with central values greater than those established via the MTM for the representation of the standard times of new assembly processes or scenarios using DES.
Application:
The study contributions can be applied in assembly line design, providing a reliable model representing real processes and scenarios.
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