En este artículo se analiza la aportación de los relatos autobiográficos a la formación inicial del profesorado, a partir de su aplicación como actividad de aprendizaje y de investigación en el aula ...en estudiantes del primer curso de grado de educación primaria. Desde un enfoque intercultural que parte del reconocimiento y valoración de la diversidad en las aulas, se han trabajado con los futuros maestros y maestras relatos de vida focalizados en sus propias trayectorias educativas y su entorno, identificando situaciones de desigualdad y/o discriminación, desde la etapa infantil hasta llegar a la universidad. Los resultados señalan la importancia de esta herramienta para el reconocimiento de la diversidad en las aulas y la construcción de una identidad docente intercultural en tiempos de pandemia y educación confinada en los que afloran las desigualdades sociales y educativas.
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide. So, there is a need to identify AD early diagnosis and monitoring biomarkers in blood samples. The aim of this study ...was to analyse the utility of lipid peroxidation biomarkers in AD progression evaluation. Participants (n = 19) were diagnosed with AD at early stages (Time 0, T0), and they were re‐evaluated 2 years later (Time 1, T1). Plasma biomarkers from AD patients were determined at both times. Some analytes, such as dihomo‐isoprostanes (17‐epi‐17‐F2t‐dihomo‐IsoP, 17‐F2t‐dihomo‐IsoP, Ent‐7(RS)‐7‐F2t‐dihomo‐IsoP), and neuroprostanes (10‐epi‐10‐F4t‐NeuroP) showed very high probability of showing an increasing trend over time. Baseline values allowed to develop an affordable preliminary regression model to predict long‐term cognitive status. So, some lipid peroxidation biomarkers would deserve consideration as useful progression AD biomarkers. The developed prediction model would constitute an important minimally invasive approach in AD personalized prognosis and perhaps could have some interest also in experimental treatments evaluation.
The determination of plasma isoprostanoids levels together with neuropsychological assessment in patients at the Alzheimer's disease diagnosis time could predict individual cognitive decline at 2 years.
To determine pre-/intraoperative risk factors for anastomotic leak after colon resection for cancer and to create a practical instrument for predicting anastomotic leak risk.
Anastomotic leak is ...still the most dreaded complication in colorectal surgery. Many risk factors have been identified to date, but multicentric prospective studies on anastomotic leak after colon resection are lacking.
Fifty-two hospitals participated in this prospective, observational study. Data of 3193 patients, operated for colon cancer with primary anastomosis without stoma, were included in a prospective online database (September 2011-September 2012). Forty-two pre-/intraoperative variables, related to patient, tumor, surgical procedure, and hospital, were analyzed as potential independent risk factors for anastomotic leak (60-day follow-up). A nomogram was created to easily predict the risk of anastomotic leak for a given patient.
The anastomotic leak rate was 8.7%, and widely varied between hospitals (variance of 0.24 on the logit scale). Anastomotic leak significantly increased mortality (15.2% vs 1.9% in patients without anastomotic leak, P < 0.0001) and length of hospitalization (median 23 vs 7 days in uncomplicated patients, P < 0.0001). In the multivariate analysis, the following variables were independent risk factors for anastomotic leak: obesity P = 0.003, odds ratio (OR) = 2.7, preoperative serum total proteins (P = 0.03, OR = 0.7 per g/dL), male sex (P = 0.03, OR = 1.6), ongoing anticoagulant treatment (P = 0.05, OR = 1.8), intraoperative complication (P = 0.03, OR = 2.2), and number of hospital beds (P = 0.04, OR = 0.95 per 100 beds).
Anastomotic leak after colon resection for cancer is a frequent, relevant complication. Patients, surgical technique, and hospital are all important determining factors of anastomotic leak risk.
Although currently moderate and high intensity concurrent physical exercise is prescribed in populations with special needs due to its greater effect on physical condition and health‐related quality ...of life (HRQOL), there are no data in the liver transplantation (LT) setting. The aim of this study is to evaluate changes in maximal strength, aerobic capacity, body composition, liver function, and HRQOL in LT patients after a moderate‐to‐high intensity combined resistance‐endurance training. Six months after LT, 54 patients were randomized into 2 groups: intervention group (IG) and control group (CG). A total of 50 patients completed the study with repeat testing at 6 and 12 months after LT. The IG completed a 6‐month exercise training program, consisting of exercising 2 days for 24 weeks in the hospital facilities, whereas the CG followed usual care recommendations. Patients completed a 5‐multijoint exercise circuit with elastic bands involving the major muscle groups. The effects of the concurrent training program on maximal oxygen consumption, overall and regional maximal strength, body composition, liver function, and HRQOL were analyzed. The IG showed a significant improvement (P < 0.05) in outcome measurements compared with the CG in aerobic capacity, hip extension, elbow flexion, overall maximal strength, physical functioning, and vitality of HRQOL, whereas no changes were observed in body composition and liver function tests. In conclusion, this is the first study that combines supervised resistance and aerobic training performed at moderate‐to‐high intensity in LT recipients. It results in significant improvements in aerobic capacity, maximal strength, and HRQOL. Liver Transplantation 23 1273–1281 2017 AASLD.
Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited, dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by an abnormal expansion of CAG triplets in the huntingtin gene (htt). Despite extensive efforts to modify the ...progression of HD thus far only symptomatic treatment is available. Recent work suggests that treating invertebrate and mice HD models with metformin, a well-known AMPK activator which is used worldwide to treat type 2-diabetes, reduces mutant huntingtin from cells and alleviates many of the phenotypes associated to HD. Herein we report statistical analyses of a sample population of participants in the Enroll-HD database, a world-wide observational study on HD, to assess the effect of metformin intake in HD patients respect to cognitive status using linear models. This cross-sectional study shows for the first time that the use of metformin associates with better cognitive function in HD patients.
Upon activation, neutrophils release their content through different mechanisms like degranulation and NETosis, thus prompting thrombosis. The natural anticoagulant activated protein C (APC) inhibits ...neutrophil NETosis and, consequently, this may lower the levels of neutrophil activation markers in plasma, further diminishing the thrombotic risk exerted by this anticoagulant. We aimed to describe the status of markers of neutrophil activation in plasma of patients with venous thrombosis, their association with the thrombotic risk and the potential contribution of APC. We quantified three markers of neutrophil activation (cell-free DNA, calprotectin, and myeloperoxidase) in 253 patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) in a stable phase (192 lower extremity VTE and 61 splanchnic vein thrombosis) and in 249 healthy controls. In them, we also quantified plasma APC, soluble endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR), and soluble thrombomodulin (TM), and we genotyped two genetic regulators of APC: the EPCR gene (
) haplotypes (H) and the TM gene (
) c.1418C>T polymorphism. We found a significant increase in plasma cell-free DNA (
< 0.0001), calprotectin (
= 0.0001) and myeloperoxidase (
= 0.005) in VTE patients compared to controls. Furthermore, all three neutrophil activation markers were associated with an increase in the thrombotic risk. Cell-free DNA and calprotectin plasma levels were significantly correlated (Spearman
= 0.28;
< 0.0001). As expected, the natural anticoagulant APC was significantly decreased in VTE patients (
< 0.0001) compared to controls, what was mediated by its genetic regulators
-H1,
-H3, and
-c.1418T, and inversely correlated with cell-free DNA levels. This is the largest case-control study that demonstrates the increase in markers of neutrophil activation in vivo in VTE patients and their association with an increased thrombotic risk. This increase could be mediated by low APC levels and its genetic regulators, which could also increase NETosis, further enhancing thrombosis and inflammation.
Only a few in vitro assays have been proposed to evaluate the steatotic potential of new drugs. The present study examines the utility of HepaRG cells as a cell-based assay system for screening ...drug-induced liver steatosis. A high-content screening assay was run to evaluate multiple toxicity-related cell parameters in HepaRG cells exposed to 28 compounds, including drugs reported to cause steatosis through different mechanisms and non-steatotic compounds. Lipid content was the most sensitive parameter for all the steatotic drugs, whereas no effects on lipid levels were produced by non-steatotic compounds. Apart from fat accumulation, increased ROS production and altered mitochondrial membrane potential were also found in the cells exposed to steatotic drugs, which indicates that all these cellular events contributed to drug-induced hepatotoxicity. These findings are of clinical relevance as most effects were observed at drug concentrations under 100-fold of the therapeutic peak plasmatic concentration. HepaRG cells showed increased lipid overaccumulation vs. HepG2 cells, which suggests greater sensitivity to drug-induced steatosis. An altered expression profile of transcription factors and the genes that code key proteins in lipid metabolism was also found in the cells exposed to drugs capable of inducing liver steatosis. Our results generally indicate the value of HepaRG cells for assessing the risk of liver damage associated with steatogenic compounds and for investigating the molecular mechanisms involved in drug-induced steatosis.
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•HepaRG cells were explored as an in vitro model to detect steatogenic potential.•Multiple toxicity-related endpoints were analysed by HCS.•HepaRG showed a greater sensitivity to drug-induced steatosis than HepG2 cells.•Changes in the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism were revealed.•HepaRG allow mechanistic understanding of liver damage induced by steatogenic drugs.
The role of dysbiosis in the development and progression of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) remains largely unknown. Here, we aim to characterize and compare the oral microbiome of ...homogeneous leucoplakia (HL), proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL), oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and OSCC preceded by PVL (PVL-OSCC). Fifty oral biopsies from HL (
= 9), PVL (
= 12), OSCC (
= 10), PVL-OSCC (
= 8), and healthy (
= 11) donors were obtained. The sequence of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was used to analyze the composition and diversity of bacterial populations. In the cancer patients, the number of observed amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) was lower and
constituted more than 30% of the microbiome. PVL and PVL-OSCC patients had a higher abundance of
and lower
than any other group analyzed. A penalized regression was performed to determine which species were able to distinguish groups. HL is enriched in
,
,
,
,
, and
; PVL is enriched in
, and
; OSCC is enriched in
, and
; and PVL-OSCC is enriched in
, and
. There is differential dysbiosis in patients suffering from OPMDs and cancer. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study comparing the oral microbiome alterations in these groups; thus, additional studies are needed.
The role of NETs and platelet activation in COVID-19 is scarcely known. We aimed to evaluate the role of NETs (citrullinated histone H3 CitH3, cell-free DNA cfDNA) and platelet activation markers ...(soluble CD40 ligand CD40L and P-selectin) in estimating the hazard of different clinical trajectories in patients with COVID-19. We performed a prospective study of 204 patients, categorized as outpatient, hospitalized and ICU-admitted. A multistate model was designed to estimate probabilities of clinical transitions across varying states, such as emergency department (ED) visit, discharge (outpatient), ward admission, ICU admission and death. Levels of cfDNA, CitH3 and P-selectin were associated with the severity of presentation and analytical parameters. The model showed an increased risk of higher levels of CitH3 and P-selectin for ED-to-ICU transitions (Hazard Ratio HR: 1.35 and 1.31, respectively), as well as an elevated risk of higher levels of P-selectin for ward-to-death transitions (HR: 1.09). Elevated levels of CitH3 (HR: 0.90), cfDNA (HR: 0.84) and P-selectin (HR: 0.91) decreased the probability of ward-to-discharge transitions. A similar trend existed for elevated levels of P-selectin and ICU-to-ward transitions (HR 0.40); In conclusion, increased NET and P-selectin levels are associated with more severe episodes and can prove useful in estimating different clinical trajectories.
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