Highlights • κ opioid receptor activation induced significant conditioned place aversion in mice. • p38 MAPK activated in the amygdala after U50,488H pairing. • Intra-amygdala injection of SB203580 ...blocked U50,488H-induced conditioned place aversion.
We report the magnetoresistance of ScSb, which is a semimetal with a simple rocksalt-type structure. We found that the magnetoresistance reaches ∼28000% at 2 K and 14 T in our best sample, and it ...exhibits a resistivity plateau at low temperatures. The Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations extracted from the magnetoresistance data allow the full construction of the Fermi surface, including the so-called α3 pocket which has been missing in other closely related monoantimonides, and an additional hole pocket centered at Γ. The electron concentration (n) and the hole concentration (p) are extracted from our analysis, which indicates that ScSb is a nearly compensated semimetal with n/p≈0.93. The calculated band structure indicates the absence of a band inversion, and the large magnetoresistance in ScSb can be attributed to the nearly perfect compensation of electrons and holes, despite the existence of the additional hole pocket.
Obesity affects immune function by increasing the number of T helper lymphocytes, which may reduce the risk of tuberculosis (TB) infection. However, the effect of obesity on TB development has not ...been extensively studied. This nationwide population-based cohort study investigated the effect of obesity on TB development in Taiwanese adults.
We included 46 028 adult participants (age ⩾18 years) from three rounds (2001, 2005 and 2009) of the Taiwan National Health Interview Survey. Obesity and overweight were defined as a body mass index (BMI) ⩾27 and 24-26.9 (kg/m
), respectively. Data on BMI and other covariates at baseline were collected by in-person interviews. Incident cases of active TB were identified from the National Health Insurance database. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the associations of obesity and overweight with active TB, with adjustment for age, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, socioeconomic status and other covariates.
In total, 241 new cases of active TB occurred during the study period. Obesity (adjusted odds ratio AOR, 0.43; 95% confident interval CI, 0.28-0.67) and overweight (AOR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.49-0.91) were associated with lower risk of incident TB, after adjusting for demographic characteristics and comorbidities. There was a linear dose-response relation of BMI with active TB incidence (AOR per unit change in BMI, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.88-0.95; P <0.001).
Obesity and overweight are associated with lower risk of active TB. Future studies should investigate the underlying mechanisms and clinical and epidemiological consequences of these findings.
Using data samples collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring, the cross section of the inclusive process e + e − → η + X , normalized by the total cross section of e + e ...− → hadrons , is measured at eight center-of-mass energy points from 2.0000 to 3.6710 GeV. These are the first measurements with momentum dependence in this energy region. Our measurement shows a significant discrepancy compared to the existing fragmentation functions. To address this discrepancy, a new QCD analysis is performed at the next-to-next-to-leading order with hadron mass corrections and higher twist effects, which can explain both the established high-energy data and our measurements reasonably well. Published by the American Physical Society 2024
To explore the effects of Mg2+ on the expression of osteoarthritic markers in human cartilage and synovium tissue explants. To investigate the therapeutic effect of intra-articular injection of Mg2+ ...in an established rat OA (Osteoarthritis) model of anterior cruciate ligament transection with partial medial meniscectomy (ACLT + PMM).
Human cartilage and synovium explants were collected from total knee replacement surgeries and incubated with MgCl2 (20 mmol/L) in vitro. A rat OA model was established by ACLT + PMM surgery in 450–500 g male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. To select the optimal dose, intra-articular injections of MgCl2 (0.05, 0.5, 5 mol/L) were performed at 4 weeks after the surgery every 3 days for 2 weeks. The effect of optimized MgCl2 was further determined by histology, immunohistochemistry, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
The expressions of osteoarthritic markers in human cartilage and synovium explants were inhibited by Mg2+in vitro. Immunohistochemical analysis further suggested the inhibitory effects of Mg2+ on the expression of MMP-13 and IL-6 in the human tissue explants. Cartilage degeneration and synovitis in ACLT + PMM rats were significantly improved by intra-articular injections of Mg2+ (0.5 mol/L). Immunohistochemical analysis also showed the regulatory effects of Mg2+ on osteoarthritic markers in both cartilage and synovium in rats, consistent with in vitro results.
Intra-articular injections of Mg2+ at 0.5 mol/L attenuate the progression of OA in the ACLT + PMM rat model. Such effect was at least in part explained by the promotion of cartilage matrix synthesis and the suppression of synovial inflammation.
Deeply buried Precambrian carbonate reservoirs host economic petroleum reserves. The upper Ediacaran Dengying Formation (maximum burial depth >8 km) is predominantly composed of dolostone with ...porosity ranging from 2 to 4%, and minor limestone with a porosity of <2%. Detailed petrological observations and high-resolution geochemical analyses show the evolution from depositional fluids to late diagenetic fluids. Dolostone is subdivided into dolo-mudstone, dolo-laminite, stromatolitic dolostone, thrombolitic dolostone and oncoidal dolostone. These dolostones were precipitated from the Ediacaran seawater and yield rare earth elements and yttrium (REY) patterns similar to those of modern seawater. In the early diagenetic regimes, fibrous dolomite cement, characterised by superchondritic Y/Ho ratios, was first precipitated from marine porewaters, and then fine-crystalline dolomite cement, characterised by low Y/Ho ratios, was formed during meteoric diagenesis. Bladed dolomite cement was subsequently precipitated from (modified) seawater-dominated porewaters. In the intermediate burial regimes, medium- to coarse-crystalline dolomite cement was formed during reduction of Mn oxides. In the deep-burial regimes, saddle dolomite was precipitated from hydrothermal fluids and yields REY patterns characterised by MREE enrichment. Its superchondritic Y/Ho ratios were likely caused by the fractionation between Y and Ho during the co-precipitation of fluorite. Calcite cement has similar parent fluids to those of saddle dolomite. These dolomite phases have similar δ
13
C values, while their δ
18
O values gradually decrease during the paragenetic sequence. Multiphase dolomitisation led to the increase in Ca/Mg ratios of formation water and reservoir performance. This study is significant for those concerned with the deeply buried dolostone reservoirs.
KEY POINTS
Microbialites and five types of dolomite cements have different REY patterns.
Co-precipitation of fluorite led to the superchondritic Y/Ho ratios of dolomite.
Dolomite and calcite grains show micro-scale geochemical variations.
This dolostone reservoir underwent multiphase fluids, including meteoric water, seawater and hydrothermal fluid.
Circular ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 10 (circABCB10) has been identified to have oncological functions in several tumors. However, the roles of circABCB10 in rectal cancer remain unknown. ...The expression of circABCB10, microRNA (miR)-326 and C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5), and apoptosis related-protein was detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction or western blot, respectively. Cell survival or apoptosis was measured using cell counting kit-8 assay or flow cytometry. The accumulations of intracellular lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Fe2+ were analyzed using C11-BODIP dye or iron kit assay, respectively. In vivo experiments were conducted using the murine xenograft model. The interaction between miR-326 and circABCB10 or CCL5 was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay. CircABCB10 and CCL5 were upregulated but miR-326 was downregulated in rectal cancer. The knockdown of circABCB10 promoted rectal cancer cell ferroptosis and apoptosis in vitro as well as inhibited tumor growth in vivo. miR-326 was a target of circABCB10, and the miR-326 inhibition could partially attenuate circABCB10 deletion-induced cell ferroptosis and apoptosis. miR-326 directly interacted with CCL5, and the miR-326 inhibition suppressed cell ferroptosis and apoptosis by targeting CCL5. Besides, we observed that miR-326 was negatively regulated by circABCB10, while CCL5 was positively regulated by it, and circABCB10 served as a sponge of miR-326 to regulate the CCL5 expression in rectal cancer cells. CircABCB10 silence promoted rectal cancer cell ferroptosis and apoptosis by regulating the miR-326/CCL5 axis, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for rectal cancer therapy.
Using ( 10.087 ± 0.044 ) × 10 9 J / ψ events collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII storage ring, the processes Λ p → Λ p and Λ ¯ p → Λ ¯ p are studied, where the Λ / Λ ¯ baryons are ...produced in the process J / ψ → Λ Λ ¯ and the protons are the hydrogen nuclei in the cooling oil of the beam pipe. Clear signals are observed for the two reactions. The cross sections in − 0.9 ≤ cos θ Λ / Λ ¯ ≤ 0.9 are measured to be σ ( Λ p → Λ p ) = ( 12.2 ± 1.6 stat ± 1.1 syst ) and σ ( Λ ¯ p → Λ ¯ p ) = ( 17.5 ± 2.1 stat ± 1.6 syst ) mb at the Λ / Λ ¯ momentum of 1.074 GeV / c within a range of ± 0.017 GeV / c , where the θ Λ / Λ ¯ are the scattering angles of the Λ / Λ ¯ in the Λ p / Λ ¯ p rest frames. Furthermore, the differential cross sections of the two reactions are also measured, where there is a slight tendency of forward scattering for Λ p → Λ p , and a strong forward peak for Λ ¯ p → Λ ¯ p . We present an approach to extract the total elastic cross sections by extrapolation. The study of Λ ¯ p → Λ ¯ p represents the first study of antihyperon-nucleon scattering, and these new measurements will serve as important inputs for the theoretical understanding of the (anti)hyperon-nucleon interaction. Published by the American Physical Society 2024
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