Adenocarcinoma and lymphoma, potential complications of Crohn's disease (CD), may result in small intestinal perforations, particularly in those on immunosuppressive therapy. The ileum is typically ...the site of small intestinal perforations in CD, and the link between CD and lymphoma remains uncertain. This case report explores a long-term CD patient on immunosuppressive therapy who presented with acute abdominal pain. Imaging revealed signs of intestinal perforation, successfully managed with surgery. The final pathology report confirms the diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. This report sheds light on the complicated nature of gastrointestinal lymphoma in CD patients.
This case report presents the unique clinical presentation of an 18-year-old female patient with an 8-year history of a progressively enlarging pulsatile mass in the left parieto-occipital region of ...her scalp. Remarkably, there was no history of trauma, headache, or other associated neurological deficits. Advanced imaging techniques, including computed tomography angiography and magnetic resonance imaging, revealed a vascular lesion consistent with an arteriovenous malformation beneath the scalp. Notably, the arteriovenous malformation's nidus was primarily supplied by branches of bilateral superficial temporal and occipital arteries, with a more pronounced involvement on the left side. Further magnetic resonance imaging characterization confirmed the diagnosis as a high parieto-occipital arteriovenous malformation/dural arteriovenous fistula. This case underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach involving neurosurgery and interventional radiology to the diagnosis and management of complex vascular lesions, particularly when they occur in unusual anatomical locations, like in our patient. The long-term clinical course and outcomes of such cases warrant continued investigation.
Direct-acting antiviral (DAA) regimens were approved in 2013 with a response rate exceeding 95% and minimal side effects. The response rate of sofosbuvir and ledipasvir exceeds 95% with minimal side ...effects.
To identify the effects of this regimen in the eradication of viruses from the patients.Material and methods: A prospective observational, open-label study took place between July 2018 and September 2020. The study included 37 patients, about two-thirds of them were male 23 (62.16%), while females comprised 14 (37.84%). All patients received a combination of sofosbuvir 400 mg and ledipasvir 90 mg in a single oral daily dose according to their weight.
The most common HCV genotype was HCV-4, followed by HCV-1 and HCV-2. And by comparing parameters at baseline, end of the treatment, and 12 weeks after completing the treatment, the laboratory data revealed dramatic drops of all liver function tests, the mean of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (31.1 ±1.42 IU/l vs. 95.5 ±23.16,
< 0.05), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (29.86 ±1.75 IU/l vs. 89.19 ±24.83,
< 0.05), total serum bilirubin (TSB) (0.57 ±0.07 mg/dl vs. 1.73 ±0.38 mg/dl,
< 0.05), mean HCV PCR (1605168 ±368223.72), after finishing the treatment course, and 12 weeks after that it was non-detectable (
< 0.05).
Treatment with dose-adjusted oral DAAs (SOF/LED) for 12 weeks was well tolerated in Iraqi children and adolescents infected with chronic HCV infections, with a high success rate and trivial adverse effects.
A scanning electron microscope study was performed on the surface of the trematode
(Looss, 1899) Looss 1900 from the Nile puffer,
Linnaeus, 1758 (Syn.
) for the first time. Adult
have a markedly ...large, sub-terminal oral sucker and a small ventral sucker. As with most trematodes, tegumental spines are concentrated anteriorly and are absent just anterior the ventral sucker. Spines have serrated tips on a short, tongue–shaped body. At the level of the ventral sucker the base of each spine exhibits a three bulbous-like structure that can be partially or completely withdrawn into the tegument. Sensory papillae are concentrated around the oral and ventral suckers and genital pores. Papillae are conical or knob-like, either ciliated or non-ciliated; some are protruded and others are embedded inside the tegument. In the juvenile stage, spines are smaller, less well-developed and tightly packed. The cytoplasmic processes of the posterior quarter of body show brain-like velvety appearance on the adult and small cobblestone-like on the juvenile.
This comprehensive article explores the complex field of glioma treatment, with a focus on the important roles of non‐coding RNAsRNAs (ncRNAs) and exosomes, as well as the potential synergies of ...immunotherapy. The investigation begins by examining the various functions of ncRNAs and their involvement in glioma pathogenesis, progression, and as potential diagnostic biomarkers. Special attention is given to exosomes as carriers of ncRNAs and their intricate dynamics within the tumor microenvironment. The exploration extends to immunotherapy methods, analyzing their mechanisms and clinical implications in the treatment of glioma. By synthesizing these components, the article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how ncRNAs, exosomes, and immunotherapy interact, offering valuable insights into the evolving landscape of glioma research and therapeutic strategies.
Significance statement
Research on Long non‐coding RNA (LncRNA) and microRNA (miRNA) exosomes in glioma is crucial for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the tumor's development and progression. These molecules play key regulatory roles in gene expression, influencing key pathways in glioma pathogenesis. Understanding these exosomes can provide biomarkers for early detection and personalized treatment strategies. The study of exosomes also contributes to intercellular communication within the tumor microenvironment, influencing tumor growth and therapeutic resistance. This research not only deepens our understanding of glioma biology but also enables the development of more precise diagnostic tools and targeted therapies.
The present study used three well-known white-box data-driven models, including multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS), gene expression programming (GEP), and group method of data handling ...(GMDH), for generating explicit formulas for the prediction of thermal conductivity of the soil
(
λ
)
. Therefore, 40 soil samples and three input variables, such as moisture content
(
ω
)
, porosity
(
n
)
, and the natural density of soil
(
ρ
)
, were used to predict
λ
. The performance of the proposed formulas was assessed via statistical indicators such as the determination of coefficient (R
2
), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). Statistical criteria have shown that all proposed models provided almost identical results. However, the MARS model was marginally more accurate than the GEP and GMDH models. In addition, the error measures of MARS with RMSE = 0.021, MAE = 0.018, and MAPE = 1.191% were slightly more accurate than GA-ANN (RMSE = 0.030, MAE = 0.025, and MAPE = 1.750%) that reported in the previous study for estimation of
λ
. However, the prominent feature of the suggested white-box data-driven models compared to black-box models such as ANN is to provide explicit equations for estimating
λ
.
In this study, magnetic CoFe2O4 nanoparticles (CFO NPs) were fabricated by coprecipitation method for the removal of crystal violet (CV), Cu(II) and Cd(II) from environmental water samples in batch ...mode. This study investigated the effect of CFO NPs on the removal of CV, Cu(II), and Cd(II) using the response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD). For this purpose, batch experiments were designed and performed to evaluate the effect of variables such as pH, adsorbent amount, sonication time, and concentration of pollutants using RSM. Under optimal conditions (ultrasound time of 17 min, pollutant concentration of 15 mg L−1, CFO NPs amount of 0.24 g, and pH = 6), the removal efficiency was achieved in the range of 95.86–99.82%. Evaluating the reusability of the CFO NPs showed that the CFO NPs adsorbent can be reused for up to 5 cycles while maintaining its high efficiency in removing CV, Cu(II) and Cd(II). The removal efficiency of CV, Cu(II) and Cd(II) was obtained in the range of 91.68–97.59% for real samples. Overall, the results revealed that CFO NPs adsorbent has a high ability to remove CV, Cu(II) and Cd(II) from different water samples.
This manuscript describes the preparation and characterization of DBU hydrogen sulfate bonded to chloropropyl-functionalized bilayer silica-nano-Fe
3
O
4
(DHCBSF), as well as its use as a highly ...effective, heterogeneous, and recyclable catalyst to facilitate a valuable chemical reaction. FTIR, SEM, TEM, TGA, XRD, BET, VSM, and EDS techniques were used to identify the nanomagnetic catalyst. The nanomagnetic catalyst (0.01 g) was successfully used in a multicomponent reaction including 2-thiobarbituric acid (2 mmol), aryl aldehydes (1 mmol), and ammonium acetate (1.4 mmol) at 25 °C in H
2
O (2 mL), so that it presented ten samples of pyrido2,3-
d
:6,5-
d'
dipyrimidines with yields of 92–98% in 5–10 min. DHCBSF is a heterogeneous catalyst with advantages such as a high specific surface area, low environmental and economic impact, and ease of purification and separation from the reaction mixture. Furthermore, the nano-catalyst was recycled ten times without significantly altering its catalytic properties.
Graphical Abstract
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