The aim of the presented study was to establish the conception rate in Bulgarian Murrah buffaloes submitted to estrus synchronization via Presynch/Ovsynch protocol applied in non-breeding and ...breeding season. The experiment was conducted in 24 buffaloes with at least 40 days postpartum, allotted into two groups according to the treatment season: Group I (n=8) – non-breeding season, Group II (n=16) – breeding season. On day 0 and day 35 after artificial insemination, the buffaloes were examined by transrectal ultrasound to identify ovarian structures and prove pregnancy, respectively. The initial ultrasound examination revealed the presence of a corpus luteum and a follicle with a diameter ≥10 mm in 33.33% (8/24) of all cases, solely a follicle ≥10 mm in 45.84% (11/24) and follicles with a diameter <10 mm in 20.83 % (5/24). The total conception rates between Group I (37.50%, 3/8) and Group II (43.75%, 7/16) did not differ significantly (P = 0.39), and the overall conception rate after estrus synchronization (41.67%, 10/24) was within the normal range for the species. The applied protocol leads to successful conceptions of buffaloes in both seasons. The high percentage of conception is registered in the hormonal treatment of buffaloes with follicle > 10 mm.
The herbal protocols, used instead of hormones in buffalo breeding for reproduction optimisation, do not provide information of their effect on the milk quality of treated animals. This research ...analysed whether the herbal preparation AyuFertin (Indian Herbs Specialities Pvt. Ltd, Saharanpur), applied in postpartum period for recovering the ovary cycling, had a side effect on the milk composition. The experiment was conducted with buffaloes of the Bulgarian Murrah breed at average age of 50 months during May-June 2019, divided into control (n=6) and experimental (n=7) groups. The experimental buffaloes received AyuFertin orally for three consecutive days at a dose of 3 g/100 kg live weight since the 21st postpartum day. The animals without signs of estrus were treated again after 10 days. The milk samples were collected at test-days, before and after treatments. The fatty acid composition of the milk and Ayufertin was evaluated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Quantification of the identified fatty acids in milk was made by the area normalisation method. In general, the fatty acids composition did not differ after the treatment with AyuFertin. Deviation in the amounts of some fatty acids was established. The content of medium-chain fatty acids such as lauric and capric was decreased, while the amount of long-chain acids such as 11-hexadecanoic and stearic was increased in the experimental group. The main active components of AyuFertin - trienoic acids were not transferred into the milk of treated animals. In conclusion, due to the ability of AyuFertin to affect the fatty acids amount in the milk of treated buffaloes, farmers should strictly follow the manufacturer’s recommendation for the dose and duration of AyuFertin treatment to avoid negative effects on milk quality.
Purpose of work: The study was aimed to assess the antineoplastic activity of justicidin B in vitro and to search for its general toxicological profile in vivo. The anti-neoplastic activity of the ...arylnaphthalene lignin, justicidin B, was assessed in a panel of human lymphoma cell lines and compared with etoposide as a reference compound. A screening of the cytotoxicity after 24, 48 and 72 h exposure was performed by the MTT-dye reduction assay. Dose- and time-dependent cytotoxic effect was observed and the IC₅₀ values ranged from 0.17 µM (RPMI-8226, 72 h) to 183 µM (U-266, 24 h) and more than 200 µM (HD-MY-Z, 24 and 48 h). Activation of caspase 3 and 8 was involved in the induction of programmed cell death in DOHH-2 cell line. NF-κB modulation occurred in DOHH-2 and HH cells. The general toxicity in mice after i.p. injection was also tested. The highest applied dose (50 mg/kg = 137.25 µM) did not show any toxicity. Justicidin B possesses definite and potent selective antineoplastic activity, related to its ability to induce programmed cell death in NHL-derived human cell lines at concentrations that can be reached in mice without toxicity.
Abstract Background In an attempt to establish how treatment with inhaled extra-fine beclomethasone/formoterol (I-EF-BDP/F) formulation differs from other combinations of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) ...and long acting beta-agonist (LABA), we studied lung function and markers of airway inflammation upon switching to the extra-fine formulation and after 8 weeks of treatment with it. Methods We carried out a real-life clinical observation of undercontrolled asthmatic patients switched over from dry powder inhalers of fluticasone/salmeterol and budesonide/formoterol to I-EF-BDP/F (Foster® , Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Italy). The effects of 8-weeks of treatment were documented by means of visual analog scale (VAS), quality of life by Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ), spirometry and markers of airway or systemic inflammation: exhaled breath temperature (EBT), blood eosinophils (Eos), and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP). Before/after treatment differences between forced vital capacity percent of predicted (%FVC), a simple indicator of small airways involvement, were calculated and subjects were ranked accordingly to reflect the magnitude of the therapeutic response. Subjects above the 75th percentile ( n = 15), “top responders”, were then compared with those below the 25th percentile ( n = 15) “poor responders”. Results On average, the 59 patients completing the study (mean age± SD 51 ± 12 years, 38 women) had significant improvement in VAS and QLQ scores at the end of the treatment period (49.1 ± 2.4 vs. 73.1 ± 2.05 and 146.1 ± 2.7 vs. 176.7.1 ± 3.4 respectively, P < 0.001), but not in the inflammatory indicators (EBT, CRP and Eos). However, when comparing the “top responders” with the “poor responders”, significant improvement in these inflammatory indicators was observed: EBT significantly decreased from 34.04/mean/± 0.30/s.e.m./°C to 33.57 ± 0.33, P = 0.003, Eos in blood fell from 381.7 ± 91.2 cells/μL to 244.2 ± 43.2, P = 0.02. Before/after treatment differences in hsCRP decreased significantly in the top responders compared with the poor responders (Mann–Whitney test, P = 0.04). Conclusion Asthmatic subjects who had the most improvement in FVC after transition to I-EF-BDP/F from other combined ICS/LABA preparations also demonstrated a significant decrease in some indicators of airway/systemic inflammation. These results support the notion that I-EF-BDP/F exerts an effect also at the level of the small airways through a reduction of the level of air trapping. Patients in whom inflammation of the small airways plays an important clinical role are the ones to derive most benefit from this small airways tailored treatment. However, improved compliance due to the “promise of a new drug” effect should also be considered as contributing to the treatment results.
This report describes the physics case, the resulting detector requirements, and the evolving detector concepts for the experimental program at the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). The EIC will be a ...powerful new high-luminosity facility in the United States with the capability to collide high-energy electron beams with high-energy proton and ion beams, providing access to those regions in the nucleon and nuclei where their structure is dominated by gluons. Moreover, polarized beams in the EIC will give unprecedented access to the spatial and spin structure of the proton, neutron, and light ions. The studies leading to this document were commissioned and organized by the EIC User Group with the objective of advancing the state and detail of the physics program and developing detector concepts that meet the emerging requirements in preparation for the realization of the EIC. The effort aims to provide the basis for further development of concepts for experimental equipment best suited for the science needs, including the importance of two complementary detectors and interaction regions. This report consists of three volumes. Volume I is an executive summary of our findings and developed concepts. In Volume II we describe studies of a wide range of physics measurements and the emerging requirements on detector acceptance and performance. Volume III discusses general-purpose detector concepts and the underlying technologies to meet the physics requirements. These considerations will form the basis for a world-class experimental program that aims to increase our understanding of the fundamental structure of all visible matter
The unfavorable safety of existing anticancer medications and the issue of multidrug resistance have fuelled the search for novel plant compounds as potential antineoplastic agents. One of the used ...approaches for identifying perspective candidates is based on ethnopharmacology. Curcumin is the yellow pigment of curry and has being employed in traditional Indian medicine. Within the EU it has the status of food ingredient (E100) and remains in many food additives. It is isolated from Curcuma longa L. and has been reported as NF-κB inhibitor and apoptosis inducer with antioxidant, cholesterol lowering, anti-inflammatory, anti-parasitic, antibacterial and antitumor potential. Curcumin has been shown to exert a wide spectrum of pleiotropic activities including antitumor effects and protection of the normal bone marrow. It possesses antineoplastic activity in various malignant cell lines in vitro, such as cutaneous T cell lymphoma, acute myeloid leukemia and urinary bladder cancer cells. In lymphoma and leukemia cell lines curcumin induces apoptosis as evidenced by caspase activation, PARP cleavage and oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation. Expression of the myeloid marker CD13 (aminopeptidase N) is associated with faster apoptosis induction. In addition, curcumin causes concentration-dependent glutathione level increase. Application of curcumin in vivo resulted in protection against cisplatin-induced chromosomal aberrations (anticlastogenic effect). This finding reveals curcumin as preferable partner for combinations with antineoplastic agents in order to potentiate their activity and ameliorate the adverse effects. There is a clear need for new curcumin formulations because of its low bioavailability after oral intake. Cutaneous and intravesical curcumin applications remain a possibility for successful clinical use of curcumin.
This report describes the physics case, the resulting detector requirements, and the evolving detector concepts for the experimental program at the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). The EIC will be a ...powerful new high-luminosity facility in the United States with the capability to collide high-energy electron beams with high-energy proton and ion beams, providing access to those regions in the nucleon and nuclei where their structure is dominated by gluons. Moreover, polarized beams in the EIC will give unprecedented access to the spatial and spin structure of the proton, neutron, and light ions. The studies leading to this document were commissioned and organized by the EIC User Group with the objective of advancing the state and detail of the physics program and developing detector concepts that meet the emerging requirements in preparation for the realization of the EIC. The effort aims to provide the basis for further development of concepts for experimental equipment best suited for the science needs, including the importance of two complementary detectors and interaction regions.
This report consists of three volumes. Volume I is an executive summary of our findings and developed concepts. In Volume II we describe studies of a wide range of physics measurements and the emerging requirements on detector acceptance and performance. Volume III discusses general-purpose detector concepts and the underlying technologies to meet the physics requirements. These considerations will form the basis for a world-class experimental program that aims to increase our understanding of the fundamental structure of all visible matter.
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