Based on the metabolic effect of exogenous ATPase inhibitory factor 1 (IF1) on glucose metabolism, we tested whether IF1 treatment is effective in ameliorating weight gain and whether its effects are ...sex specific.
HFD-fed C57BL/6 mice were treated with IF1 (5 mg/kg body weight, injected intraperitoneally). The underlying mechanisms of effect of IF1 on body weight were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Associations between genotypes of IF1 and obesity and relevant phenotype were further tested at the population level.
Chronic treatment with IF1 significantly decreased body weight gain by regulating food intake of HFD-fed male mice. IF1 activated the AKT/mTORC pathway and modulated the expression of appetite genes in the hypothalamus of HFD-fed male mice and its effect was confirmed in hypothalamic cell lines as well as hypothalamic primary cells. This required the interaction of IF1 with β-F1-ATPase on the plasma membrane of hypothalamic cells, which led to an increase in extracellular ATP production. In addition, IF1 treatment showed sympathetic nerve activation as measured by serum norepinephrine levels and UCP-1 expression in the subcutaneous fat of HFD-fed male mice. Notably, administration of recombinant IF1 to HFD-fed ovariectomized female mice showed remarkable reductions in food intake as well as body weight, which was not observed in wild-type 5-week female mice. Lastly, sex-specific genotype associations of IF1 with obesity prevalence and metabolic traits were demonstrated at the population level in humans. IF1 genetic variant (rs3767303) was significantly associated with lower prevalence of obesity and lower levels of body mass index, waist circumference, hemoglobin A1c, and glucose response area only in male participants.
IF1 is involved in weight regulation by controlling food intake and potentially sympathetic nerve activation in a sex-specific manner.
•IF1 prevents obesity by regulating food intake and sympathetic nerve activation.•The effect of IF1 on food intake is sex-specific in HFD induced obese mice.•Genetic effect of IF1 on obesity prevalence is sex-specific at the population level.
Herein, we present a facile synthesis of ZnO microrods and surface decoration with gold nanoparticles using a low-cost deposition apparatus. The ZnO microrods were fabricated via a single-step ...solid-state reaction, and the gold nanoparticles were synthesized on the surface of the microrods by the deposition of gold thin films and sequential heat treatment. The size of the gold nanoparticles was controlled by varying the thickness of the gold thin films and the annealing temperature. The intensity of green emission in the photoluminescence spectra decreased with increasing gold nanoparticle size. A surface plasmon resonance peak originating from the gold nanoparticles appeared at ~570 nm in the absorption spectra, and the peak redshifted as the nanoparticle size increased. The ultraviolet (UV) on–off current ratio and response speed of single ZnO microrod photodetectors significantly increased after surface decoration by gold nanoparticles. However, the performance of the photodetector degraded as the size of the gold nanoparticles increased owing to the absorption of incident UV light. The enhanced photodetector performance of the surface-modified ZnO microrods is explained by the transfer of energetic electrons excited by surface plasmon resonance from the defect level to the conduction band of the ZnO microrods.
•ZnO microrods were synthesized by a single-step reactiousing ZnO powders mixed with graphite.•Gold nanoparticles were synthesized on the surface of the ZnO microrods.•A surface plasmon resonance peak from the gold nanoparticles appeared in the absorption spectra.•Performance of ZnO microrod photodetectors dramatically enhanced by surface decoration.
Self-assembled nanocomposite thin films in which ferromagnetic CoFe2O4 nanopillars grow in a ferroelectric BiFeO3 matrix have attracted tremendous interest for use as next-generation multiple state ...memory devices. To take advantage of the various magnetic properties of nanocomposites, it is necessary to control the strain state and shape of the CoFe2O4 pillars. Herein two methods are reported that can modulate the magnetic properties of nanocomposite thin films: changing the CoFe2O4 content in BiFeO3 and changing the aspect ratios of the CoFe2O4 pillars. The out-of-plane magnetic anisotropy of nanocomposites increased with decreasing CoFe2O4 ratio, and the anisotropy agreed with the value predicted from the strain effect. Nanocomposites with high-aspect-ratio CoFe2O4 pillars exhibited increased out-of-plane magnetic anisotropy as a result of their changing shape and increasing out-of-plane strain. Strain effects on the magnetic anisotropy of nanocomposites were confirmed by removing the BiFeO3 matrix via chemical etching.
An Enhanced Java-Based Mobile Device Theft Response System Yongwoo Kwon; Inhyeok Jeon; WooSeok Hyun ...
2015 9th International Conference on Innovative Mobile and Internet Services in Ubiquitous Computing,
07/2015
Conference Proceeding
This paper presents a system that can provide the exact location of a mobile Internet device or a laptop in case it is lost or stolen. This system detects the IP state of the missing device while the ...user's laptop is operating. Information of an IP/MAC address that is changed is transmitted to the registered user's email. Using the IP address, it is also possible to see information about the more detailed physical address assigned by the ISP. Through the email that contains the current location information of the lost or stolen mobile device, the user can easily find it. In this paper, we propose an enhanced Java-based mobile device theft response system that drastically reduces the error range of the existing system.
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