Background:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has extra-articular manifestations of cardiovascular diseases and is associated with a high mortality rate in Western populations. This study aimed to investigate ...the risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and atrial fibrillation (AF) associated with RA in a Korean population.Methods and Results:Patients were selected from a senior cohort from the Korean National Health Insurance Service in 2002, and followed until 31 December 2015. Patients with newly developed ACS and AF were identified and compared with controls for a 10-year period using time-dependent propensity and risk-set matching. A total of 4,217 incident RA patients and their 8,432 controls comprised the incident RA and matched cohorts, respectively. ACS was identified during 24,642 person-years incidence rate (IR) 402 per 10,000 person-years, 95% confidence interval (CI) 330–489 among the RA cohort. In the matched cohort, 141 ACS patients were identified during 50,011 person-years (IR 282 per 100,000 person-years, 95% CI 239–333). RA patients were 1.43-fold more likely to develop ACS than the matched controls hazard ratio (HR) 1.43, 95% CI 1.10–1.84, but showed similar occurrence risk of AF (HR 1.06, 95% CI 0.83–1.35).Conclusions:A higher risk for ACS and a similar risk for AF were found by risk-set matched analysis in a senior RA cohort compared with the control, using Korean nationwide long-term data.
This study aims to understand the extent of adolescents' attempts to quit using tobacco and the factors influencing such attempts in Korea, using a descriptive, cross-sectional design and secondary ...data analysis with the 2019 Youth Health Behavior Survey.
The participants were 4028 adolescent tobacco users who had used tobacco for 1 day or more in the past 30 days. The data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS/WIN 26.0 program, and multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted using the complex sampling method module.
A total of 68.2% of the participants attempted to quit using tobacco. We analyzed the factors for adolescents' attempts to quit using tobacco by dividing them into psychological, physical, behavioral, and environmental dimensions. The factors influencing adolescents' attempts to quit using tobacco, identified through multivariable logistic regression analysis, are as follows: participation in sports activities (OR = 1.20, 95% CI 1.01-1.41), vigorous physical activity (OR = 1.24, 95% CI 1.06-1.46), and type of tobacco product used (OR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.24-2.21) in the behavioral dimension; pictorial cigarette pack warnings (perceived smoking as unhealthy) (OR = 1.91, 95% CI 1.56-2.36), and the presence of secondhand smoking at home (OR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.01-1.38) in the environmental dimension.
Schools and public healthcare providers must consider multidimensional factors when providing support for successful tobacco cessation in adolescents and focus particularly on elements relating to physical activity and environmental factors.
Background:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has extra-articular manifestations of cardiovascular diseases and is associated with a high mortality rate in Western populations. This study aimed to investigate ...the risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and atrial fibrillation (AF) associated with RA in a Korean population.Methods and Results:Patients were selected from a senior cohort from the Korean National Health Insurance Service in 2002, and followed until 31 December 2015. Patients with newly developed ACS and AF were identified and compared with controls for a 10-year period using time-dependent propensity and risk-set matching. A total of 4,217 incident RA patients and their 8,432 controls comprised the incident RA and matched cohorts, respectively. ACS was identified during 24,642 person-years incidence rate (IR) 402 per 10,000 person-years, 95% confidence interval (CI) 330–489 among the RA cohort. In the matched cohort, 141 ACS patients were identified during 50,011 person-years (IR 282 per 100,000 person-years, 95% CI 239–333). RA patients were 1.43-fold more likely to develop ACS than the matched controls hazard ratio (HR) 1.43, 95% CI 1.10–1.84, but showed similar occurrence risk of AF (HR 1.06, 95% CI 0.83–1.35).Conclusions:A higher risk for ACS and a similar risk for AF were found by risk-set matched analysis in a senior RA cohort compared with the control, using Korean nationwide long-term data.
Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the awareness level of myocardial infarction (MI) symptoms for the residents in the underserved and deserved emergency medical services areas ...and verify the effect of the existence of residence in the underserved emergency medical services areas on the awareness of MI symptoms. Methods: This is a cross sectional study by using the data of the 2017 Korea Community Health Survey. The residence in the underserved emergency medical services areas is defined as being targeted to the residents in 101 areas notified in ⸢Emergency Medical Service Act⸥. The awareness of MI symptoms was classified as being aware of all five items of MI symptoms. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) are computed by multivariable logistic regression. Results: Of the total 195,246 subjects, 43.6% were aware of MI symptoms (43.7% and 43.6% of underserved and deserved emergency medical services areas, respectively). The residence in the underserved emergency medical services areas was associated with the awareness of MI symptoms (aOR 1.15, 95% CI=1.11-1.18). In addition, this study has found that gender, age, education level, income level, occupation, subjective stress level, drinking frequency, current smoking, and diagnosis of hypertension and diabetes were factors influencing the awareness of MI symptoms. Conclusions: Continuous efforts are needed to increase the awareness of MI symptoms for the residents in the underserved and deserved emergency medical services areas. Education and promotion should be conducted in consideration of gender, age, education level, income level, and occupation to improve the awareness of MI symptoms.
This study was to find out the influence of urine cotinine in Korean adults on Cardiovasculardiseases using data from the seventh Korea national health and nutrition examination survey 2016-2018. The ...subjects were 7,290. The data were analyzed by frequency analysis, 2 test and logistic regression analysis using SPSS 26. The main findings were that 40-59 age, higher than 60 age, lower than high school level, Income status low, urine cotinine level under 50ng/mL, urine cotinine level 50-499ng/mL, Average cigarette per day over the 20 loosey, BMI 25g/m2, no aerobic exercise, the prevalence of cardiovascular disease increased 9.0 times, 29.44 times,1.26 times, 1.68 times, 1.54 times, 1.56 times, 1.48 times, 2.06 times and 1.17 times, respectively. As a result, it is necessary to improve lifestyles such as obesity and lack of exercise, to reduce the prevalence of cardiovascular disease in Korean adults, and to pay attention to older age groups and low socioeconomic groups. 본 연구는 국민건강영양조사 제7기 2016~2018년도 자료를 이용하여 우리나라 성인의 심혈관질환 유병에 영향을 미치는 요인에 대해 규명하고자 하였다. 연구대상자는 7,290명, 자료는 SPSS 26프로그램으로 복합표본 빈도분석, 교차분석, 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 주요 결과로 40~59세 9.0배, 60세 이상 29.44배, 고졸 이하 1.26배, 소득수준 '하' 1.68배, 요코티닌 50ng/mL 미만 1.54배, 50~499.9ng/mL 1.56배, 하루 평균 흡연량 20개비 이상 1.48배, BMI 25kg/m2 이상 2.06배, 유산소운동을 실천하지 않는 경우 1.17배 심혈관질환 유병을 유의하게 증가시키는 것으로 확인되었다. 이상의 결과로 우리나라 성인의 심혈관질환 유병정도를 감소시키기 위해 흡연을 포함한 비만, 운동부족의 생활습관 개선이 필요하며, 고혈압, 이상지혈증등의 유병기간이 길어진 40세 이상의 연령층, 사회경제적 수준이 낮은 층에게 금연을 포함한 건강관리에 대한 적극적인 노력이 요구된다.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the awareness level of myocardial infarction (MI) symptoms for the residents in the underserved and deserved emergency medical services areas and verify ...the effect of the existence of residence in the underserved emergency medical services areas on the awareness of MI symptoms. Methods: This is a cross sectional study by using the data of the 2017 Korea Community Health Survey. The residence in the underserved emergency medical services areas is defined as being targeted to the residents in 101 areas notified in 『Emergency Medical Service Act』. The awareness of MI symptoms was classified as being aware of all five items of MI symptoms. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) are computed by multivariable logistic regression. Results: Of the total 195,246 subjects, 43.6% were aware of MI symptoms (43.7% and 43.6% of underserved and deserved emergency medical services areas, respectively). The residence in the underserved emergency medical services areas was associated with the awareness of MI symptoms (aOR 1.15, 95% CI=1.11-1.18). In addition, this study has found that gender, age, education level, income level, occupation, subjective stress level, drinking frequency, current smoking, and diagnosis of hypertension and diabetes were factors influencing the awareness of MI symptoms. Conclusions: Continuous efforts are needed to increase the awareness of MI symptoms for the residents in the underserved and deserved emergency medical services areas. Education and promotion should be conducted in consideration of gender, age, education level, income level, and occupation to improve the awareness of MI symptoms.
The greenhouse gas (GHG) emission mandate on jet fuel requires a gradual reduction in the fuel’s GHG emissions, up to 50%, by 2050. For this reason, the demand for bio-jet fuel blended with ...conventional petroleum-derived jet fuel will increase. In order to meet the quality requirement of blended fuels (ASTM D7566), modeling that can predict the correlation between properties is required. Our aim was to predict the low-temperature properties using the distillation profile results obtained from Simulated Distillation (SIMDIS) according to the carbon number and chemical compositions of bio-jet fuel through correlation and regression analysis. We used hydroprocessed ester and fatty acid (HEFA) bio-jet fuel and hydrocarbon reagents that included C8, C10, and C12 carbons and five main families of hydrocarbons for blended jet fuel. This study shows an overall trend for each component, indicating that the distilled volume fraction is more affected than the carbon number. In the case of the freezing point, by composition, n-paraffin and naphthene have regression coefficients of more than 0.85 for the 50% and 60% recovery temperatures, respectively. In terms of carbon number, the C8 sample has a significant regression coefficient for the 40% recovery temperature, and C10 has a significant regression coefficient for the initial boiling point (IBP) and 10% recovery temperature. In the case of kinematic viscosity, by composition, the regression coefficient is significant for the 20% to 40% recovery temperatures. For naphthene, the kinematic viscosity exhibited no relationship with carbon number. This information can be utilized to determine the blended ratio of bio-jet fuel and conventional jet fuel in newly certified or commercial applications.
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