By implementing the standardization of logistics services, modern organizations strive to reduce the cost of circulating inefficient services and improve overall efficiency, thereby aiding overall ...economic growth. The aim of this paper is to show how logistics standardization affects the development of corporate market competitiveness. First, the standardization of logistics services significantly promotes the corporate tendency to establish a long-term market position. Also, the standardization of logistics functions aims to mitigate financial fluctuations and accelerate organizational growth. And finally, the understanding of the globalization of business relations in the context of business logistics should show how traditional logistics functions have shifted towards modern trends. This paper also presents the role of logistics standardization in promoting corporate mechanisms in the context of restructuring operations aimed at increasing the adaptive capacity of the organization and its further distribution of services in different markets.
An attractive approach to increasing the output power and bandwidth of converters is through the parallel connection of multiple, subrated converter cells via mutually coupled inductors. Achieving a ...balanced contribution to the output current by all paralleled converter cells is critical; good reference tracking performance, however, should also be maintained. Since these two control tasks are coupled, tuning of the controller parameters is challenging. This article demonstrates a methodology for decoupling the output current reference tracking control task from the current balancing control. We show that once balancing and tracking controllers are decoupled, the controller parameter tuning can be conducted independently, simplifying design and analysis of controller performance. Experimental results are presented, which validate the proposed methodology, applied to a three-cell, parallel interleaved converter with cyclic cascade coupled inductor filter network, operating at 100 V RMS and 9 A RMS .
The main goal of the research in this paper is to, starting from the role that financial system has in operating of every market economy, analyze the strengths and failures of a bank-based and ...market-based financial system when performing basic economic functions. In order to achieve the defined goal, a qualitative research was conducted. In this sense, an innovative interpretation of the relevant scientific literature was made using descriptive and comparative analysis methods. The paper examines four approaches that represent a critical analysis of the role and importance of banks and the securities market - bankbased, market-based, financial services and legal-based approach. Emphasizing the positive role of banks, the bank-based approach highlights the comparative failures of the securities market. On the other hand, the market-based view highlights the advantages of the securities market, while at the same time emphasizing the failures of banks in performing their basic functions. However, the focus of a financial services approach is not the debate over whether a better financial system is based on banks or the securities market, but the extent, quality and availability of financial services is important. Finally, the legal-based approach, which represents addition to the financial services approach, emphasizes compliance with the provisions of financial contracts and the protection of the rights of participants in financial transactions. Accordingly, the key research findings relate to identifying assumptions that contribute to the better functioning of the financial system and to pointing out that the functional compatibility of banks and securities markets contributes to their complementarity and more efficient transfer of funds from savings towards investment entities.
Fraud is linked to economic and financial pressures that force people to commit it. Any fraud, regardless of the gender and age of the fraud perpetrators, inevitably leaves a short-term or long-term ...negative mark on society's economy. Many financial frauds in the past (Enron, WorldCom, Parmalat) have left profound negative consequences on global financial markets. Such 'financial strikes' on the financial markets led to financial losses of many companies (not only those in which frauds were committed), the dismissal of many workers, and even the bankruptcy of companies. Successful detection and prevention of fraud imply the harmonious and efficient operation of several factors. One of them understands people's attitudes towards fraud. It is necessary to understand what motivates an individual to commit fraud and the conditions under which someone would commit fraud. Plenty of resources and time have been invested in understanding the motives for adult fraud, i.e., mature people. Experience has shown that it is much more challenging to educate people of that era about the harmful effects of fraud and thus convince them not to commit fraud. For these reasons, the subject of this paper is the consideration of the attitudes of the younger population towards fraud in Serbia. More precisely, the paper discusses the attitudes of young people aged 18 to 30 regarding motives, pressures, and opportunities to commit fraud, participate in corruption, or offer bribes. The main objective is to indicate the tendency of young people to participate in fraud and examine whether respondents' gender influences their willingness to participate in fraud. The research results suggest that, according to young people, the main motive why someone would participate in fraud is financial gain and that young people would participate in fraud only if they could get medical intervention sooner. They also believe that fraud is most prevalent in public administration and that men are more prone to fraud than women, but that the influence of gender is very small.
The aim of this study is to identify the key success factors of kaizen implementation, as well as the most important benefits of its application, in companies in transition and in developing ...economies. Identified critical success factors are; initiating and evaluating changes and employees' ideas, management and employee support, building an adequate evaluation system, developing internal communication system, and strategic orientation of employees to change. The most important benefits of kaizen implementation are employee empowerment, employee development, and improvement of company performance. Results should improve practice and enable more efficient general management and engineering management of future kaizen implementation processes.
•The numerical analysis of SAR and temperature distribution within a child head.•Determination of SAR and increasing of temperature within biological tissues.•Dependence of the SAR and temperature ...values on the distance.•Comparison of results obtained by numerical calculation with experimental results.
This paper represents the numerical analysis of Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) and temperature distribution within a real child head model exposed to mobile phone radiation at the frequency of f=900MHz. In this research the SAR and temperature distribution are obtained by numerical solutions of the equation of electromagnetic waves propagation and by bioheat equation, respectively, and are shown inside different biological tissues and organs during exposure to electromagnetic radiation from a mobile phone. As electromagnetic properties of tissues depend on the electromagnetic waves frequency, the value of SAR and temperature will be different for different tissues and organs. The maximum absorption of electromagnetic energy is in the surface layers of the model, whereby this value is greater than the maximum allowed value defined by standards. Furthermore, the increase in temperature is the highest in those biological tissues and organs that are closest to the source of radiation i.e. a mobile phone. Moving away from a mobile phone, the temperature decreases, but more slowly than the SAR values. In the analysis of the temperature rise resulting from tissues and organs heating due to the effects of electromagnetic fields on a child’s head, special attention will be given to the maximum temperature increase in the brain.
This paper presents the method of homogenization of several different biological tissues in order to simplify the numerical calculation of the electric field distribution in certain biological ...structures of interest. For this purpose, a 3D model was used with blocks that have the same electromagnetic characteristics as their corresponding biological tissues of the human head. The results obtained in the case of homogenized block model were compared with the ones obtained by using the original heterogeneous model containing the following tissues: skin, fat, muscle, bone, and brain. Homogenization of the model has been caried out only for the layers that precede the layer in which the analysis of electric field distribution was performed. A smart phone was used as the source of electromagnetic radiation at a frequency of 0,9 GHz. A comparative analysis of the electric field intensity in the layer of interest indicates good matches for the heterogeneous and homogenized models. Based on the obtained results, deviations in the electric field intensity can be observed for both models. These deviations range from 3,7% to 5,2% for different layer thicknesses.The proposed homogenization method significantly simplifies the modelling and also reduces the simulation time required to obtain appropriate results.
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