An MgB2 superconducting solenoid magnet has been developed for electron beam focusing in X-band (12 GHz) klystrons for particle accelerator RF systems, to provide a cen-tral field of 0.8 T at 57 A ...and at ≥ 20 K. It has successfully real-ized significant AC-plug power saving in one order of magni-tude compared with that for a conventional Cu solenoid mag-net. A large-scale application may be expected for the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) project proposed as a candidate of fu-ture accelerators at CERN. It requires {\sim 5,000} klystrons, and the MgB2 magnet application may realize significant AC-plug power saving. This paper describes progress in a prototype MgB2 superconducting solenoid magnet development and will discuss the future prospect.
We have developed a charge-to-time converting (QTC) leading-edge discriminator for plastic-scintillator signals, which is packaged in a NIM-standard double-width module. The pulse width of the ...discriminator output is approximately proportional to the charge integration of input signals up to 40–50 pC. The non-linearity is 20%, 10%, 4%, and 2% at maximum for the input charges below 7 pC, for 7–10 pC, for 10–20 pC, and above 20 pC, respectively, for the minimum input charges larger than 2 pC. The discriminator could be suitable in the measurement of the timing and charge of plastic-scintillator signals together with a multi-hit time-to-digital converter (TDC) module.
Aim To evaluate the volumetric values of intrapulmonary clots (IPCs) using 64-section dual-energy perfusion computed tomography (DEpCT). Materials and methods A total of 174 patients suspected of ...having acute pulmonary embolism (PE) underwent DEpCT, and acute PE was diagnosed in 48 of these patients. DEpCT images were three-dimensionally reconstructed with four threshold ranges: 1–120 HU (V120 ), 1–15 HU (V15 ), 1–10 HU (V10 ), and 1–5 HU (V5 ). Each relative value per V120 was expressed as %V15 , %V10 and %V5 . These values were compared with the d -dimer, pulmonary arterial (PA) pressure, right ventricular (RV) diameter, RV/left ventricular diameter ratio, PA diameter, and CT angiographic obstruction index (CTOI). Results In patients with IPCs, PA pressure, d -dimer and volumetric values of DEpCT were significantly higher ( p < 0.001). Relative volumetric values at DEpCT had better correlations with the PA pressure, PA diameter, and CTOI than absolute ones, and %V5 especially had good correlations with PA pressure ( r = 0.44, p = 0.02), PA diameter ( r = 0.40, p = 0.005), and CTOI ( r = 0.38, p = 0.009). Conclusion The relative volumetric evaluation of DEpCT images with a lower attenuation threshold range may be helpful for assessing right heart strain, because these values had good correlation with CTOI, pulmonary pressure, and diameter in suggesting right heart load.
The size structures of Lottia gigantea populations were studied at 8 southern California sites, 4 of which were long standing Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). Greater mean sizes and higher frequencies ...of larger individuals occurred at sites with lowest human visitation. Mean L. gigantea shell lengths (SLs) were negatively correlated with the number of visitors and collectors per 10 m of shoreline. Limpets never achieved SLs greater than 79.0 mm at any of our 8 sites, a size well below the maximum for this species. Mean SLs were comparable to sizes at other sites where L. gigantea is intensely collected. The presence of collectors, small mean SLs, and the absence of large limpets suggest that L. gigantea populations are affected by humans at our sites. Lower densities and higher frequencies of larger limpets were found in a subpopulation living on open-rock surfaces compared with a subpopulation occupying smaller, patch habitats within mussel beds. Larger limpets were mostly female and gonadal mass increased exponentially with SL in both subpopulations. Limpets <40 mm SL exhibited highly variable growth rates; however, limpets in patch habitats grew slower and produced less gonadal mass than limpets inhabiting open rocks, despite the availability of more microalgal food. Ages of the largest limpets in the open-rock subpopulation were estimated to be > 8 yr. Given the age of larger limpets and the potential for collectors to remove larger individuals and shift populations towards smaller size structures, effective MPAs may take decades to reverse the effects of human impacts on L. gigantea populations in southern California.
JAEA successfully completed the manufacture of the toroidal field (TF) insert coil (TFIC) for a performance test of the ITER TF conductor in the final design in cooperation with Hitachi, Ltd. The ...TFIC is a single-layer 8.875-turn solenoid coil with 1.44-m diameter. This will be tested for 68-kA current application in a 13-T external magnetic field. TFIC was manufactured in the following order: winding of the TF conductor, lead bending, fabrication of the electrical termination, heat treatment, turn insulation, installation of the coil into the support mandrel structure, vacuum pressure impregnation (VPI), structure assembly, and instrumentation. In this presentation, manufacture process and quality control status for the TFIC manufacturing are reported.
To investigative whether clinical manifestations of anterior uveitis are associated with the viral load of varicella zoster virus (VZV) in the aqueous humor in patients with herpes zoster ...ophthalmicus (HZO) and zoster sine herpete (ZSH).
After informed consent was given, an aliquot of aqueous humor was collected from patients with VZV anterior uveitis (n = 8). Genomic DNA of the human herpes viruses was measured in the aqueous humor by two PCR assays: a qualitative multiplex PCR and a quantitative real-time PCR.
All patients had unilateral acute anterior uveitis with high intraocular pressure, mutton fat keratic precipitates with some pigmentation, and trabecular meshwork pigmentation. Multiplex PCR demonstrated VZV genomic DNA in all of the samples, but not in other human herpes virus samples (human simplex virus types 1 and 2, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus and human herpes virus types 6, 7 and 8). Real-time PCR revealed a high copy number of VZV DNA in the aqueous humor. After the initial onset of anterior uveitis, iris atrophy and distorted pupil with paralytic mydriasis developed. The intensity of iris atrophy and pupil distortion, but not ocular hypertension, correlated with the viral load of VZV in the aqueous humor.
VZV viral load in the aqueous humor correlated significantly with damage to the iris (iris atrophy and pupil distortion) in patients with HZO and ZSH.
Abstract
Background
Coronary angiograms of adult Fontan patients sometimes show the abnormal multiple coronary artery microfistulae (mCAFs) that drain directly into the ventricular chamber. They look ...like coronary artery fistulae or Thebesian vein. Angiographically detectable mCAFs are a rare finding sometimes associated with myocardial ischemia due to coronary steal and volume overload of ventricles in non-CHD adults. However, there are limited data concerning these mCAFs in the setting of CHD patients.
Purpose
The aim of this study is to demonstrate presence, character, and changes with growth of mCAFs in adult patients late after Fontan operation.
Methods
This study is single-center retrospective review of adults (16 years old or older) with Fontan circulation patients who had undergone cardiac catheterization for routine Fontan surveillance between 2009-2022. We assessed the presence of angiographically detectable mCAFs from ascending aortography. After identification of the characteristic cases, we examined the ventricular morphology, the portion of drainage, and compared with previous findings of angiograms. SaO2, EF of main ventricle, CVP, EDP of main ventricle, BNP, and use of pulmonary vasodilators were compared between mCAFs(+) group and mCAFs(-) group. We also reviewed clinical manifestation and findings of exercise stress ECG of the patients. Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum was excluded because abnormal coronary arterial communications have been well documented in this condition.
Results
Among 90 Fontan patients who had undergone catheterization, significant mCAFs were observed in a total of 18 cases (20%). There were 10 right-dominant single ventricle, 4 left-dominant single ventricle, and 4 unbalanced two ventricles. In all cases, including left-dominant single ventricle, all fistulae drained into right ventricle cavity, never into left ventricle. The patients who underwent serial catheterizations demonstrated that the dilation and tortuosity of fistulae progressed over time. The comparison of two groups showed SaO2 was low, BNP and CVP was high significantly in mCAFs(+) group. There were no significant differences in other factors including age at catheterization and the use of pulmonary vasodilators. Among 10 patients who had underwent exercise stress ECG, only 1 patient showed ST segment depression. None had clinical history of chest pain, and arrhythmia, and ischemic event.
Conclusions
MCAFs are common and progress in adult patients late after Fontan operation. Although the clinical significance and etiology of these findings remains uncertain, particular attention should be given to subclinical Fontan failure caused by hhigh CVP, volume overload, and myocardial ischemia for the future of adult Fontan patients who have prominent mCAFs.
JAEA is fabricating the toroidal field insert coil (TFIC) in cooperation with Hitachi, Ltd. This solenoidal coil has about 50 m of ITER TF conductor wound in a 1.44-m diameter. In preparation for ...fabricating the TFIC, fabrication trials of windings, removal of Cr plating of the cable and welding of the terminal sleeve were performed for process qualification. The winding trials were accomplished without breaking any of the superconducting strands. In the trials to remove the Cr plating from the cable, HCl-soaked unwoven cloth was used, and the surface of a strand selected from the cable was confirmed by magnification to be free of Cr plating. In trials to fabricate termination, using electron beam welding (of OFHC copper and SS316LN) and fillet-welding (of SS316LN and SS316LN using JK2LB weld wire), tensile tests of the welds were conducted at room temperature and 4 K, and ultimate tensile strength values equivalent to that of the base metal of the weld were obtained. Also these welds passed test items of JIS Z3040 code, so the weld procedures were qualified. During fillet-welding the maximum temperature of the cable under the weld was 120 °C, not high enough to damage the cable. From the results obtained, the main processes involved in TFIC fabrication were established and qualified.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether thin-section CT could be used to differentiate small localized bronchioloalveolar carcinoma from peripheral adenocarcinoma having a ...bronchioloalveolar (replacement) growth pattern of alveolar lining cells and from adenocarcinoma not having a replacement growth pattern on the basis of the extent of ground-glass opacity revealed by thin-section CT.
One hundred twenty-four small, surgically resected, peripheral adenocarcinomas from 119 patients (67 men and 52 women; mean age, 60 years) were studied. Lesion diameters were 0.4-2.0 cm (median, 1.5 cm). The extent of ground-glass opacity within lesions on preoperative thin-section CT was reviewed retrospectively by three thoracic radiologists. On the basis of replacement growth of alveolar lining cells, small adenocarcinomas were classified histologically as localized bronchioloalveolar carcinomas (n = 42) or as adenocarcinomas with (n = 53) or without (n = 29) a replacement growth pattern of alveolar lining cells.
The percentage of lesions that had ground-glass opacity was significantly greater in localized bronchioloalveolar carcinomas (mean, 56.7%+/-33.0%) than in adenocarcinomas with a replacement growth pattern (mean, 26.3%+/-25.3%, p < .001) or in adenocarcinomas without a replacement growth pattern (mean, 8.3%+/-4.7%, p < .001).
Determination of the ground-glass opacity area in each tumor as revealed on thin-section CT was useful for differentiating small localized bronchioloalveolar carcinomas from small adenocarcinomas not having a replacement growth pattern.
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