Topografijo Zemlje lahko najbolj realno prikažemo na globusu, kar so vedeli že stari Grki. Največji prispevek k izdelovanju pomanjšanih modelov našega planeta je imel Mercator, ki je v 16. stoletju ...razdelil površino krogle na pasove in s tem povzročil pravo evolucijo v kartografiji, izdelava globusov pa je postala množična.Načelo izdelave globusov se odtlej ni spremenilo, le da je zdaj večji del postopka avtomatiziran. Še vedno pa veljajo za posebnost globusi posameznih držav. Temu izzivu smo se posvetili pri projektu izdelave globusa Slovenije v okviru predmeta Kartografija III pri študijugeodezije na Fakulteti za gradbeništvo in geodezijo Univerze v Ljubljani. Izdelava globusa Slovenije v grobem obsega izdelavo pregledne karte države s stopnjo podrobnosti merila 1 : 1.000.000, projekcijo ravninske karte na kroglo in lepljenje tiskanih pasov nanosilni medij, v našem primeru na namizno svetilko ; The most realistic way to represent the topography of the Earth is by using a globe; this fact was known as early as in ancient Greece. The biggest contribution to the making of these reduced models of our planetwas made by Gerardus Mercator, who split the surface of the globe into zones in the 16th century. This gave rise to a revolution in the development of cartography, which also sparked the beginning ofthe mass production of globes. The principle for the production of this instrument has remained the same to this day; the only difference is that the major part of the process is now automated. However, globes of individual countries are still quite unusual andrare; this is why we decided to take on the project of designing the globe of Slovenia, which was performed within the Cartography III study course at the Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering. The making of the globe of Slovenia includes the production of a generalmap of the country at the scale of 1: 1,000,000, the projection of a flat map on the globe and the pasting of printed zones on the supporting medium, in our case a table lamp.
In the current study, the toxicity mechanism of nanosized CuO (nCuO) to the freshwater ciliated protozoa Tetrahymena thermophila was studied. Changes in fatty acid profile, lipid peroxidation ...metabolites and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured. Bulk CuO and CuSO4 served as controls for size and solubility and 3,5-dichorophenol (3,5-DCP) as a control for a chemical known to directly affect the membrane composition. Exposure to all copper compounds induced the generation of ROS, whereas nCuO was most potent. The latter effect was not solely explained by solubilized Cu-ions and was apparently particle-related. 24 h exposure of protozoa to 80 mg/L of nCuO (EC50) significantly decreased the proportion of two major unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) (C18:3 cis-6,9,12, C18:2 cis-9,12), while it increased the relative amount of two saturated fatty acids (SFA) (C18:0, C16:0). Analogous effect was not observed when protozoa were exposed to equitoxic suspensions of bulk CuO, Cu-ions or 3,5-DCP. As changes in the UFA:SFA upon exposure of protozoa to nCuO were not detected at 2 h exposure and no simultaneous dose- or time-dependent lipid peroxidation occurred, it is likely that one of the adaptation mechanisms of protozoa to nCuO was lowering membrane fluidity by the inhibition of de novo synthesis of fatty acid desaturases. This is the first study of the effects of nanoparticles on the membrane fatty acid composition.
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