In the present study, 1-methyl-3-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)-1
H
-imidazol-3-ium chloride-supported Ni@zeolite-Y-based nanoporous materials (Ni@zeolite-Im-IL) were synthesized and their structures were ...confirmed using different characterization techniques such as FT-IR, FE-SEM, EDX, XRD, BET and TGA-DTG analyses. In order to synthesize this multi-functional nano-system, zeolite-NaY was modified first, with exchanged Ni
2+
ions and 3-chloropropyltriethoxysilane (CPTES) as a coupling reagent and then functionalized to imidazolium chloride ionic liquid by
N
-methylimidazole. New multi-functional nano-material of Ni@zeolite-Im-IL demonstrated high activity in the catalytic synthesis of 2-aminothiazoles
3a–l
by one-pot reaction of methylcarbonyls, thiourea and iodine at 80 °C in DMSO with good to excellent yields (85–98%). Also, the catalytic synthesis of 2-aryl benzimidazoles,
6a–m
was performed by the condensational reaction of
o
-arylendiamine and aromatic aldehydes in EtOH at room temperature with excellent yields (90–98%). Advantages of this efficient synthetic strategy include higher purity and shorter reaction time, excellent yield, easy isolation of products, the good stability, activity and feasible reusability of the metallic ionic liquid nanocatalyst. These benefits have made this method more compatible with the principles of green chemistry.
Graphical abstract
Polyethyleneimine (PEI) has been reported to have good potential for the adsorption of metal ions. In this work, PEI was covalently bound to NiFe2O4@SiO2 nanoparticles to form the new adsorbent ...NiFe2O4@SiO2–PEI. The material allowed for magnetic separation and was characterized via powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), showing the pattern of the NiFe2O4 core and an amorphous shell. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) showed irregular shaped particles with sizes ranging from 50 to 100 nm, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) showed high C and N contents of 36 and 39%, respectively. This large amount of PEI in the materials was confirmed by thermogravimetry–differential thermal analysis (TGA-DTA), showing a mass loss of about 80%. Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy (FT-IR) showed characteristic resonances of PEI dominating the spectrum. The adsorption of CrO42−, Ni2+, and Pb2+ ions from aqueous solutions was studied at different pH, temperatures, metal ion concentrations, and adsorbent dosages. The maximum adsorption capacities of 149.3, 156.7, and 161.3 mg/g were obtained for CrO42−, Ni2+, and Pb2+, respectively, under optimum conditions using 0.075 g of the adsorbent material at a 250 mg/L ion concentration, pH = 6.5, and room temperature.
In this research, the ionic liquid 4-methylpyridinium chloride grafted on nanoporous Ni/zeolite-Y was fabricated in several steps. Firstly, the nanocomposite of nickel-zeolite–Y (Ni@ZY) was prepared ...from the exchange-metal reaction of nickel (II) chloride with zeolite-NaY. This nanomaterial was then reacted consecutively with trimethoxysilyl propyl chloride and 4-methylpyridine to obtain nanocomposite of Ni/(MPy)
+
Cl
−
@ZY. Then, Fe
3
O
4
nanoparticles were produced inside the functionalized zeolite pores with the use of ultrasonic waves to prepare a multi-functional and magnetically 4-methylpyridinium ionic liquid-nickel nanosystem (Ni/(MPy)
+
Cl
−
@ZY-Fe
3
O
4
). Its structure was identified and confirmed by various analyses including: FT-IR, FE-SEM, TEM, EDX, XRD, TGA, VSM and N
2
adsorption–desorption (BET). To evaluate the catalytic performance, it has been successfully employed as a nanocatalyst, in facile Erlenmeyer synthesis of 4-arylidene-2-phenyl-5(4
H
) oxazolones (azlactones) through the multi-component reaction of benzoyl chloride, glycine, arylaldehydes and acetic anhydride under mild conditions. The presence of basic ionic liquid (4-methylpyridinium chloride), Lewis acid (Ni
2+
) on the solid surface of nanoporous (multifunctional) and the easy separation of the nanocatalyst from the reaction medium by an external magnet are the most distinguished advantages of this procedure. These points can be beneficial and effective in the catalytic processes. Some other advantages of the present process are high product yields, high-speed reaction rate, application of nanotechnology in the catalytic process, catalyst recyclability, low cost and non-toxicity.
In this paper, calcium iodate nanoparticles were first synthesized by the modified reaction of Ca(NO
3
)
2
and KIO
3
in an aqueous medium under ultrasonic irradiation. The structure of nanocatalyst ...was then characterized by FT-IR, FESEM, EDX, XRD, and BET techniques. Afterward, the fabricated Ca(IO
3
)
2
was applied as a nanocatalyst in the facile synthesis of heterocycles including quinoxalines, 5,6-dicyano pyrazines, and pyrido2,3-bpyrazines. For this purpose, the feasibility of the reaction in the presence of different catalyst amounts, solvents, and temperatures was first investigated. Next, the target compounds were obtained by the condensation reaction of aryl-1,2-diamines or 2,3-diaminomaleonitrile with 1,2-diketones in the presence of a catalytic amount of Ca(IO
3
)
2
in ethanol or acetic acid solvents at ambient temperature in good to excellent yields. One of the salient advantages of this work is the synthesis of calcium iodate nanoparticles by chemical precipitation method and its application as a heterogeneous nanocatalyst for the first time in the synthesis of organic compounds. The other important benefits of this process are the use of an inexpensive, safe, stable and recyclable catalyst, high product yields, short reaction times, and easy isolation of the product in pure form.
In this study, Pd(II)/TCH@SBA-15 nanocomposites were synthesized by the grafting of 3-chloropropyltriethoxysilane and thiocarbohydrazide on SBA-15 and subsequent deposition of palladium acetates ...through the ligand-metal coordination method. The structure and morphology of this nanoporous nanocomposite was thoroughly identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, atomic absorption spectroscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller instrumental analyses. Furthermore, the catalytic activity of this nanocomposite was investigated in the three-component synthesis of 3-benzimidazolyl or benzothiazoleyl-1,3-thiazolidin-4-ones
a reaction of 2-aminobenzimidazole or 2-aminobenzothiazole, aromatic aldehydes, and thioglycolic acid in an acetone-H
O mixture under green conditions. The Pd/TCH@SBA-15 nanocatalyst is demonstrated to exhibit a high catalyzing activity in the three-component reaction of the synthesis of
-heterocyclic thiazolidinones with good to excellent yields. One of the advantages of the suggested method is the direct application of the thiocarbohydrazide ligand to stabilize Pd nanoparticles through formation of a stable ring complex without creating an additional Schiff base step. Moreover, this organometallic nanocatalyst can be recycled several times with no notable leaching or loss of performance.
In this project, Ni(II) ion stabilized on zeolite-Y (NNZ) was developed as a high efficient nanoporous catalyst for the synthesis of 3-benzimidazolyl-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one derivatives via ...condensation of 2-aminobenzimidazole, aromatic aldehydes and thioglycolic acid in ethanol under ambient conditions. Compared with conventional protocols, this methodology has promising features such as the use of inexpensive, stable, recyclable and safe catalyst, shorter reaction times and higher yields, nontoxic solvent and easy isolation of the products.
This paper describes the preparation and electrochemical application of a new chemically modified electrode for simple and highly sensitive simultaneous determination of copper, mercury and cadmium ...using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Firstly, a new bis‐Schiff base ligand, 2,2′‐((pyridine‐2,6‐diylbis (azanylylidene)) bis (methanylylidene))bis(4‐bromophenol) (ligand L) has been synthesized by reaction of the 2,6‐diamino pyridine with 5‐bromo salicylaldehyde or salicylaldehyde at ethanol under refluxing. The structure of the synthesized compound resulted from the IR, 1HNMR, MS, UV spectroscopy and elemental analysis data. Afterwards, a novel, simple and effective chemically modified carbon paste electrode with ligand L was prepared. The electrochemical properties and applications of the modified electrode, including the pH, percentage of modifier, the electron transfer, optimized conditions, linear response and detection limit were investigated. High sensitivity and reproducibility, together with the ease of preparation and regeneration of the electrode surface by simple polishing, make the electrode very suitable for the voltammetric determination of copper, mercury and cadmium in several Merck samples and water samples.
In the current study, a new catalytic system based on Fe
3
O
4
nanoparticles immobilized on zeolite-SO
3
H (Fe
3
O
4
@zeolite-SO
3
H) is introduced. In the first stage, zeolite@SO
3
H was synthesized ...from the reaction of zeolite-NaY with chlorosulfonic acid to produce zeolo sulfuric acid. Then, Fe
3
O
4
@zeolite-SO
3
H was prepared
via
immobilizing magnetic nanoparticles on the surface of functionalized zeolite-NaY as a support. Fe
3
O
4
@zeolite-SO
3
H as a multifunctional nanoplatform system was recognized by FT-IR, FE-SEM, XRD, EDS, BET, and VSM techniques. This nanocomposite demonstrated high activity in the catalytic synthesis of perimidine derivatives under solvent-free conditions. Combining the advantages of solid acids based nanocomposites and magnetic separation, this method provides an efficient and much improved modification of the general synthesis of perimidines. Recycling experiments confirmed the good stability of the nanocatalyst for six times and its constant activity.
In this study, SO3H@zeolite-Y was synthesized by the reaction of chlorosulfonic acid with zeolite-NaY under solvent-free conditions, which was then supported by Fe3O4 nanoparticles to give ...SO3H@zeolite-Y (Fe3O4/SO3H@zeolite-Y) magnetic nanoparticles. Several techniques were used to evaluate the physical and chemical characterizations of the zeolitic nanostructures. Fe3O4-loaded sulfonated zeolite was applied as a novel multi-functional zeolite catalyst for the synthesis of imidazole and perimidine derivatives. This efficient methodology has some advantages such as good to excellent yield, high purity of products, reusability of nanocatalyst, simple reaction conditions, environmental friendliness and an economical chemical procedure from the viewpoint of green chemistry.
In this investigation, a nanoporous zeolite-NaY supported sulfonic acid was synthesized and Ni(ii) ions were successfully stabilized on SO3H@zeolite-Y (Ni/SO3H@zeolite-Y). This novel type of zeolitic ...nanocomposite was characterized using various techniques including FT-IR, FE-SEM, TGA, BET and EDX. Ni/SO3H@zeolite-Y was used as a multi-functional and highly active nanocatalyst for the three-component synthesis of 3-benzimidazolyl-1,3-thiazolidin-4-ones and new 3-benzthiazoleyl-1,3-thiazolidin-4-ones via cyclocondensation of 2-aminobenzimidazole or 2-aminobenzothiazole, aromatic aldehydes and thioglycolic acid in acetone–H2O at room temperature. This economical chemical procedure has advantages such as excellent yield in short reaction times, convenient manipulation and high purity of products, applicability to a broad range of substrates, and the use of a nontoxic and heterogeneous acid catalyst with good reusability.
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