CD30+ large anaplastic lymphoid cells are seen in anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), and also in lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) and other lymphoproliferative disorders. It can be difficult ...precisely to categorize these disorders with CD30+ cells. We report a case of primary cutaneous CD30+ ALCL with systemic metastases in whom the clinical disease subsequently evolved into LyP. The patient was initially administered cisplatin and etoposide and made a good response. Eighteen months later, recurrent, self‐healing cutaneous small nodules appeared around the original tumour site without any systemic involvement. Histopathological examination of the recurrent lesions revealed infiltration with a mixture of cells that included neutrophils, eosinophils and CD30+ large anaplastic cells cytologically identical with those in the primary lesion. The anaplastic cells in both the primary and recurrent lesions were positive for monoclonal antibodies CD30, CD25 and a monoclonal antibody directed against the chimeric protein p80NPM‐ALK. These observations suggest the possibility that the ALCL and the subsequent LyP represent different clinical manifestations of proliferation of the same clone.
The Telescope Array (TA) observatory utilizes fluorescence detectors and surface detectors (SDs) to observe air showers produced by ultra high energy cosmic rays in Earth's atmosphere. Cosmic-ray ...events observed in this way are termed hybrid data. The depth of air shower maximum is related to the mass of the primary particle that generates the shower. This paper reports on shower maxima data collected over 8.5 yr using the Black Rock Mesa and Long Ridge fluorescence detectors in conjunction with the array of SDs. We compare the means and standard deviations of the observed X max distributions with Monte Carlo X max distributions of unmixed protons, helium, nitrogen, and iron, all generated using the QGSJet II-04 hadronic model. We also perform an unbinned maximum likelihood test of the observed data, which is subjected to variable systematic shifting of the data X max distributions to allow us to test the full distributions, and compare them to the Monte Carlo to see which elements are not compatible with the observed data. For all energy bins, QGSJet II-04 protons are found to be compatible with TA hybrid data at the 95% confidence level after some systematic X max shifting of the data. Three other QGSJet II-04 elements are found to be compatible using the same test procedure in an energy range limited to the highest energies where data statistics are sparse.
A 25-year-old Japanese man presented with high spiking fever, arthralgia and a skin rash. A pruritic edematous erythema with persistent plaques was found mainly on the trunk; these lesions persisted ...even when the fever subsided, with prominent linear pigmentation. As marked neutrophilia and a high level of serum ferritin were detected, a diagnosis of adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) was made, even though the persistent eruption was not characteristic of the disease. Oral prednisolone, together with low-dose methotrexate, was given with good results. In the literature, a similar atypical rash has been reported in 11 cases in Japan. All of them required high-dose administration of corticosteroids or other immunosuppressive agents. Severe systemic complications were seen in 3 patients, and 2 cases died of the disease. Persistent plaques and linear pigmentation are some of the manifestations of AOSD, which cannot be overlooked. This appearance could be an indication that suggests an increased risk of systemic complications and a prolonged time to clinical remission.
Background It is well known that the degree of skin reaction to an irritant depends on its concentration and exposure time.
Objectives To determine the interrelationship between the concentration of ...sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) and exposure time in both weak (subclinical) and severe reactions.
Methods Patch testing with SLS was performed at different concentrations (0·125%, 0·25%, 0·5%, 1·0% and 2·0%) and with different exposure times (3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h). Evaluation was conducted by measurement of transepidermal water loss and by laser‐Doppler flowmetry both 30 min and 24 h after patch removal.
Results We found more reliable and constant skin reactions 24 h after patch removal, and a higher correlation between SLS concentration and skin reaction.
Conclusions We conclude that the concentration of SLS influences the test outcome to a larger degree than the exposure time. We present formulae by which the outcome of SLS patch testing at various SLS concentrations ranging from 0·125% to 2% and any exposure time between 3 and 24 h can be estimated.
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