Abstract
Background
Huge efforts are being made to control the spread and impacts of the coronavirus pandemic using vaccines. However, willingness to be vaccinated depends on factors beyond the ...availability of vaccines. The aim of this study was three-folded: to assess children’s rates of COVID-19 Vaccination as reported by parents, to explore parents’ attitudes towards children’s COVID-19 vaccination, and to examine the factors associated with parents’ hesitancy towards children’s vaccination in several countries in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR).
Methods
This study utilized a cross-sectional descriptive design. A sample of 3744 parents from eight countries, namely, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia (KSA), and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), was conveniently approached and surveyed using Google forms from November to December 2021. The participants have responded to a 42-item questionnaire pertaining to socio-demographics, children vaccination status, knowledge about COVID-19 vaccines, and attitudes towards vaccinating children and the vaccine itself. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS- IBM, Chicago, IL, USA) was used to analyze the data. A cross-tabulation analysis using the chi-square test was employed to assess significant differences between categorical variables and a backward Wald stepwise binary logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the independent effect of each factor after controlling for potential confounders.
Results
The prevalence of vaccinated children against COVID-19 was 32% as reported by the parents. Concerning parents’ attitudes towards vaccines safety, about one third of participants (32.5%) believe that all vaccines are not safe. In the regression analysis, children’s vaccination was significantly correlated with parents’ age, education, occupation, parents’ previous COVID-19 infection, and their vaccination status. Participants aged ≥50 years and those aged 40-50 years had an odds ratio of 17.9 (OR = 17.9, CI: 11.16-28.97) and 13.2 (OR = 13.2, CI: 8.42-20.88); respectively, for vaccinating their children compared to those aged 18-29 years. Parents who had COVID-19 vaccine were about five folds more likely to vaccinate their children compared with parents who did not receive the vaccine (OR = 4.9, CI: 3.12-7.70). The prevalence of children’s vaccination in the participating Arab countries is still not promising.
Conclusion
To encourage parents, vaccinate their children against COVID-19, Arab governments should strategize accordingly. Reassurance of the efficacy and effectiveness of the vaccine should target the general population using educational campaigns, social media, and official TV and radio channels.
Balanced Scorecard (BSC) has been implemented for three decades to evaluate and improve the performance of organizations. To the best of the researchers' knowledge, no previous systematic review has ...performed a comprehensive and rigorous methodological approach to figure out the impact of BSC implementation in Health Care Organizations (HCO).
The current work was intended to assess the impact of implementing the BSC on Health Care Workers' (HCW) satisfaction, patient satisfaction, and financial performance.
The authors prepared the present systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines. Further, the authors customized the search strategy for PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Google Scholar databases, and Google's search engine. The obtained studies were screened to isolate those measuring scores related to HCW satisfaction, patient satisfaction, and financial performance. The Risk of Bias (RoB) in the non-Randomized Intervention Studies (ROBINS-I) tool was used to assess the quality of observational and quasi-experimental studies. On the other hand, for the Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), the Cochrane (RoB 2) tool was used.
Out of 4031 studies, the researchers included 20 studies that measured the impact of BSC on one or more of the three entities (HCW satisfaction, patient satisfaction, and financial performance). Throughout these 20 studies, it was found that 17 studies measured the impact of the BSC on patient satisfaction, seven studies measured the impact on HCW satisfaction, and 12 studies measured the impact on financial performance.
This systematic review provides managers and policymakers with evidence to support utilizing BSC in the health care sector. BSC implementation demonstrated positive outcomes for patient satisfaction and the financial performance of HCOs. However, only a mild impact was demonstrated for effects related to HCW satisfaction. However, it is worth noting that many of the studies reflected a high RoB, which may have affected the impacts on the three primary outcomes measured. As such, this systematic review reflects the necessity for further focus on this area in the future. Moreover, future research is encouraged to measure the real and current impact of implementing BSC in HCO during the pandemic since we did not find any.
The balanced scorecard (BSC) has been implemented to evaluate the performance of health care organizations (HCOs). BSC proved to be effective in improving financial performance and patient ...satisfaction.
This systematic review aims to identify all the perspectives, dimensions, and KPIs that are vital and most frequently used by health care managers in BSC implementations.
This systematic review adheres to PRISMA guidelines. The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases and Google search engine were inspected to find all implementations of BSC at HCO. The risk of bias was assessed using the nonrandomized intervention studies (ROBINS-I) tool to evaluate the quality of observational and quasi-experimental studies and the Cochrane (RoB 2) tool for randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
There were 33 eligible studies, of which we identified 36 BSC implementations. The categorization and regrouping of the 797 KPIs resulted in 45 subdimensions. The reassembly of these subdimensions resulted in 13 major dimensions: financial, efficiency and effectiveness, availability and quality of supplies and services, managerial tasks, health care workers' (HCWs) scientific development error-free and safety, time, HCW-centeredness, patient-centeredness, technology, and information systems, community care and reputation, HCO building, and communication. On the other hand, this review detected that BSC design modification to include external and managerial perspectives was necessary for many BSC implementations.
This review solves the KPI categorization dilemma. It also guides researchers and health care managers in choosing dimensions for future BSC implementations and performance evaluations in general. Consequently, dimension uniformity will improve the data sharing and comparability among studies. Additionally, despite the pandemic negatively influencing many dimensions, the researchers observed a lack of comprehensive HCO performance evaluations. In the same vein, although some resulting dimensions were assessed separately during the pandemic, other dimensions still lack investigation. Last, BSC dimensions may play an essential role in tackling the COVID-19 pandemic. However, further research is required to investigate the BSC implementation effect in mitigating the pandemic consequences on HCO.
Limited research and studies prove the usefulness of case management for persons with disabilities, which helps disabled employees recover their dignity through medical vocational, and psychological ...rehabilitation in underdeveloped countries' Return To Work (RTW) programs.
This qualitative case study design involved semi structured interviews with case managers as the primary data source, supplemented by secondary data from BPJS Ketenagakerjaan. Data analysis utilized QDA Miner Lite and Python with ArcGIS integration for descriptive visualization.
The RTW program of BPJS Ketenagakerjaan has already adopted ILO's fundamental suggestion, which creates two central themes: internal aspects that are essential to the RTW framework and external variables that impact RTW practice. The key themes produce six main pieces to discuss further: personal skill, personal literacy, providers, guidelines, authorities, and stakeholder support.
Return to Work Program benefits companies, and the implementation of a career development service or a partnership with non-governmental organizations guarantees that disabled employees who cannot return to work with their former employers are still in the global economy.
The global trend of advanced aging comes at the cost of amplified onset of age-related diseases. Dementia is a common multifactorial age-related neurodegenerative disorder, which manifests with ...progressive declines in cognitive functioning and ability to perform activities of daily living. As polices discourage institutionalized care, family members act as primary caregivers and endure increased vulnerability to physical and mental health problems secondary to care-related changes in life routine and relationships. Targeting clinically significant distress at earlier stages through valid brief measures may promote caregivers’ wellbeing and dementia care continuity/quality. This study aimed to determine the optimal cutoff score of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 8-items (DASS-8) in a convenience sample of 571 European caregivers (Mean age = 53 ± 12 years, Italian = 74.4%, Swiss = 25.6%) through three methods. K-means clustering classified the sample into high- and low-distress clusters based on DASS-8 score of 19. Receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis using 48 and 7 cutoffs of the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) and the Three-Item University of California, Los Angeles, Loneliness Scale-version 3 (UCLALS3), revealed two DASS-8 cutoffs (12.5 and 14.5, area under the curve (AUC) = 0.85 and 0.92, p values < .001, 95% CI 0.82–0.88 and 0.89 to 0.94, sensitivity = 0.81 and 0.78, specificity = 0.76 and 0.89, Youden index = 0.57 and 0.67, respectively). Decision modeling produced two DASS-8 cutoffs (9.5 and 14.5) for predicting low and high caregiving burden and loneliness, respectively. According to the median of all DASS-8 cutoffs (14.5) the prevalence of mental distress was 50.8%. Distress correlated with key mental problems such as burnout and loneliness—in path analysis, DASS-8 scores were predicted by the ZBI, UCLALS3, care dependency, and receiving help with care, especially among older, female, and spouse caregivers. Further diagnostic workup should follow to confirm psycho-pathogenicity among caregivers with DASS-8 scores above 14.5. Investigations of the DASS-8 in other countries/populations may confirm the validity of this cutoff score.
Background
Nurses’ burnout might affect their quality of life, productivity and nursing care services.
Aim
The aim of this systematic review was to systemically review the relationship between ...nurses’ burnout and quality of life and to introduce practical recommendations to reduce nurses’ BO and improve their QOL.
Methods
In April 2021, MeSH terms (("Nurses"Mesh) AND "Burnout, Professional"Mesh) AND "Quality of Life"Majr were used to search five electronic databases: CINAHL, PubMed, Medline, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection and Google Scholar.
Results
The search produced 21 studies exploring nurses’ burnout and their quality of life within the last ten years (2009–2021). Most of these studies found significant relationships between the burnout dimension(s) and quality of life dimension(s) among the nurses.
Conclusion
Nurses have moderate to high levels of burnout and were negatively associated with poor quality of life. Interventional programs are needed to decrease nurses’ burnout and improve their quality of life.
The knee replacement (KR) surgery aims to restore the activity level and reduce the risk of experiencing disabilities. The outcomes of this surgery are evaluated mainly with subjective tools or low ...validity objective tools. However, the effect of the surgery on activity level using high validity objective accelerometer is still in question.
A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the benefit of KR surgery alone to enhance physical activity recommendations based on high validity accelerometer. Two independent reviewers evaluated five electronic databases (Cochrane-Central-Register-of-Controlled Trials, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus) to find relative studies between January 2000 and October 2021. The quality assessments and risk of bias assessments were examined.
Three articles were included with 202 participants (86 males, 116 females), with an average age of 64 years and an average 32 kg/m
body mass index. The results found that the number of steps was significantly improved up to 36.35 and 45.5% after 6-months and 1-year of the surgery, respectively. However, these changes did not meet the recommended activity level guideline and could be related to the patients' health status and their activity level before the surgery. No significant changes were seen in sedentary time, standing time, and upright time after 6-months and 1-year follow-ups. Heterogeneity among studies was low to moderate (0-63%).
Knee replacement surgery is an effective treatment for improving patients' quality of life with severe knee injuries. However, various factors impact the success of surgical and achieving maximum benefit of the surgery. One factor, sedentary time, can be reduced by implementing pre-and post-surgery exercise or physical activity recommendations. Further studies are needed to understand the benefit of surgery with or without rehabilitation assessed using high validity monitors.
Aims
This study aimed to: (1) explore the relationship between paediatric nurses' burnout, perceived health and common work‐shift, (2) examine the moderating effect of the common work‐shift on the ...relationship between paediatric nurses' burnout and perceived health, (3) compare burnout and perceived health between paediatric nurses working on day shifts and night/alternate shifts.
Design
A cross‐sectional, correlational design was used in this study.
Methods
A convenient sample of 225 paediatric nurses was selected from nine hospitals in Jordan. Participants were surveyed using a self‐administered questionnaire.
Results
The perceived health correlated negatively with paediatric nurses' burnout and their common work‐shift. Also, nurses' burnout and common work‐shift were significantly correlated. The common work‐shift moderated the relationship between paediatric nurses' burnout and their health. To control the impact of paediatric nurses' burnout on their health, the ratio of the night‐to‐day shifts should be observed and balanced.
Background. After the COVID-19 pandemic, the online style of instruction started to replace the traditional style in Jordan. Aims. This study aims to (1) assess the nursing students’ perceived ...obstacles to online learning in Jordan; (2) explore significant relationships between participants’ characteristics and their perceived obstacles; and (3) assess for significant differences in the perceived obstacles based on participants’ characteristics. Methods. A cross-sectional, descriptive design was utilized in this study. A convenient sample of 325 nursing students responded to a self-reported questionnaire utilizing Google Forms. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the dataset using the SPSS software. Results. The mean scores of the obstacles to online learning were 2.94 (SD = 0.95) for the academic obstacles subscale, 2.90 (SD = 0.83) for the technological obstacles subscale, and 3.25 (SD = 1.00) for the administrative obstacles subscale. Significant associations were found between participants’ characteristics and perceived obstacles to online learning. For instance, the type of university was significantly associated with academic (r = −0.32, p<0.01), technological (r = −0.21, p<0.01), and administrative obstacles (r = −0.32, p<0.01). Furthermore, significant differences were found in the perceived obstacles based on the participants’ demographic and studentship-related characteristics. Conclusions. According to their perceptions of online learning, nursing students in Jordan face three types of obstacles: academic, technical, and administrative. Decision-makers should intervene to enhance the online learning experience by overcoming the reported obstacles.
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