Relevance Frequency of liver disease in cystic fibrosis varies from 3% to 48%, with cirrhosis observed from 2.9% to 10.8% of patients (European Cystic Fibrosis Society Patient Registry, 2011). ...Objective To study the prevalence and characteristics of liver cirrhosis associated with cystic fibrosis among children and teenagers from the Moscow region. Patients and Methods 303 children and teenagers (146 boys and 157 girls) were included into the register of patients with cystic fibrosis in the Moscow region in 2011. The register was filled in in accordance with requirements of European Cystic Fibrosis Society (ECFS). Results Analysis has shown that liver disease is reported in 30 cases (11%) out of 303 patients with cystic fibrosis, who live in Moscow region. Cirrhosis was registered among 24 children and teenagers (7.9%), on the country's register this level is around 8.8% out of all patients and 7.2% among children. Liver transplantation was performed only in one case (0.3%). Cirrhosis was frequently found in the group of children above 7 years of age, which consisted of 23 patients (96%), with 1.6 times more frequency among boys. Body mass index (BMI) corresponded with normal range in 60%; reduced BMI was reported in 37% and increase in BMI was recorded only in 3% of cases. Allelic frequency of F508del mutation was noted with the same frequency as in the population – 52.3%. Allelic frequency of the mutation CFTR dele 2,3 was 6.8%, W1282X 4.5%, 2790–2A>G 2.3%, 3849+10kbC>T 2.3%, S1196X 2.3%, G542X 2.3%. The mutation 2790–2A>G was recorded only in one patient with cirrhosis. Diabetes was commonly diagnosed among children with cirrhosis. Conclusion The frequency of cirrhosis among children's population of patients with cystic fibrosis was determined for the Moscow region with the specific focus on age, gender and genetic features.
The influence of natural organic substances and iron hydroxides on in vitro biofilm formation by groundwater microorganisms was assessed. The combination of these compounds stimulates the formation ...of large mucosal biofilms that absorb insoluble iron hydroxide particles. Organic substances are important regulators of biofilm formation. Therefore, the location of biofilms in pore space increases the risks of biocolmatage of this space.
Endothelins, vasopressin, some cytokines, excess sodium or calcium in serum, activation of the sympathoadrenal system, and tachycardia are the stimulants of brain natriuretic peptide production. The ...rise of the natriuretic peptide level in cases of acute brain damage has a functionally adaptive nature, based on vasodilation, diuretic action peptide and ability to reduce sympathoadrenal system activity. ...we can suppose that the more severe the damage, the higher the stimulation of natriuretic peptide.
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