With the maturation of display devices using liquid crystal (LC) materials, likely, in normally transparent reverse mode polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) devices’ performance and development ...have been assessed in the present review. The fabrication techniques and various normally transparent reverse mode devices such as polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC), polymer network liquid crystal, polymer-stabilized liquid crystal, anisotropic LC gels and nematic emulsions are discussed. Further, the simultaneous effects of external stimuli such as external fields, optical effects, temperature and composition of constituents of PDLC mixture are reported for analysing the technological advancement of normally transparent reverse mode LC devices. The performance parameters discussed in this review are texture formation, transmission, response time, contrast ratio, viewing angle, threshold and operating voltages. The interdependency of these parameters on overall performance of the device is also discussed and analysed. Thus, new areas of application in the realms of 2D/3D and multi-plane display devices, normally transparent shutters/smart windows, augmented/virtual reality devices are interesting technological advancements in basic and applied research using these novel anisotropic LC and polymeric materials.
The present work describes the aloe-vera, as a green agent for the facile synthesis of copper oxide NPs and their deliberation for antibacterial and photocatalytic activities. The synthesis has been ...carried out at pH 11.5 and 70 °C with detailed characterization investigation through UV-spectroscopy, XRD (X-ray Diffraction), SEM (Scanning electron microscope), EDX (Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) and TEM (Transmission electron microscope) techniques. The study reveals the altered morphology of CuO NPs with a change in concentration of precursor. After characterization, CuO NPs with size 5-20 nm have been examined against pathogenic bacteria like Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli to calculate the zone of inhibition, MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) and MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration). Photo-catalytic degradation has been performed in the presence of H
2
O
2
, which results in the degradation of MO (methyl orange) dye up to 96% in 24 min under exposure of UV light.
Pure and (Ag, Ni) co-doped copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles has been synthesized by means of microwave assisted method. Synthesized pure and co-doped CuO nanoparticles have been characterized by UV- ...visible spectroscopy, XRD, TEM, SEM with EDX and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. Size of synthesized nanoparticles was found to be less than 30 nm. FTIR spectra show bands for stretching vibrations of Cu-O bond. The antibacterial activity of synthesized co-doped CuO nanoparticles were successfully tested against different multidrug resistance bacteria viz. Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa).
Schematic illustration of the aggregation of NaC in the presence of glycine at the air/water interface.
Display omitted
•Investigation of present system has been carried out by γ and UV–visible ...studies.•Micellization of NaC and NaDC has been favored by all the amino acids.•Temperature dependence of CMC indicates NaC/NaDC–amino acid complexation.•Bile salts adsorbed less tightly than conventional surfactants at the interface.•Adsorption of bile salts at the interface is more favorable than micellization.
Aqueous micellar solutions of bile salts, sodium cholate (NaC) (1–30mmolkg−1) and sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) (1–17mmolkg−1) in the absence and presence of amino acids viz. glycine, leucine, methionine, and histidine (0.1molkg−1) have been examined by surface tension and UV–visible measurements at different temperatures (293.15–318.15K). From the surface tension study, critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salts have been calculated and reviewed in terms of effect of amino acids on the hydrophobic character of bile salt–amino acid complex. Further, the adsorption behavior of NaC and NaDC in aqueous solution of amino acids has been analyzed with the help of interfacial parameters like maximum surface excess concentration (Γmax), minimum area per surfactant molecule (Amin), surface pressure at CMC (ΠCMC), efficiency in reducing surface tension (pC20), and adsorption at the air/water interface relation to micellization (CMC/C20). The thermodynamic parameters, standard free energy of micellization (ΔGm°), standard Gibb’s free energy of adsorption (ΔGad°), and standard free energy of transfer (ΔGtr°) have also been calculated. UV–visible studies, by using pyrene as a probe, have also been carried out in order to substantiate the CMC values derived from surface tension studies.
In the present work, an extremely responsive and cost-effective Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) sensor operating at room temperature has been fabricated with indium-doped SnO2 nanospheres. In/SnO2 was ...prepared via cost effective sol-gel route and thin films were fabricated using spin-coating technique. Further, the sample was characterized to study the elemental information, crystal structure, phase formation, morphology, optical absorption, etc through EDS, XRD, TEM, SEM, Raman, FTIR and UV–visible spectroscopy. The sensing characteristics of In/SnO2 thin film have been studied and it was found quite useful to detect the LPG below LEL (0.5–2.0 vol%). The maximum value of % sensor response was found 365.11 at 2.0 vol% whereas the minimum response and recovery times were found as 10 s and 14 s for 0.5 vol% of LPG.
•Indium doped SnO2 thin film has been fabricated by cost effective sol-gel and spin coating technique.•The reported sensor has detected the LPG below LEL.•The sensing procedure is environment friendly and low power consumption.•Minimum response and recovery time were observed 10 s and 14 s for 0.5 vol% of LPG.
This work presents an efficient framework, based on manifold approximation, for generating brain fingerprints from multi-modal data. The proposed framework represents images as bags of local features ...which are used to build a subject proximity graph. Compact fingerprints are obtained by projecting this graph in a low-dimensional manifold using spectral embedding. Experiments using the T1/T2-weighted MRI, diffusion MRI, and resting-state fMRI data of 945 Human Connectome Project subjects demonstrate the benefit of combining multiple modalities, with multi-modal fingerprints more discriminative than those generated from individual modalities. Results also highlight the link between fingerprint similarity and genetic proximity, monozygotic twins having more similar fingerprints than dizygotic or non-twin siblings. This link is also reflected in the differences of feature correspondences between twin/sibling pairs, occurring in major brain structures and across hemispheres. The robustness of the proposed framework to factors like image alignment and scan resolution, as well as the reproducibility of results on retest scans, suggest the potential of multi-modal brain fingerprinting for characterizing individuals in a large cohort analysis.
•A multi-modal brain fingerprinting framework is proposed.•Comparison of fingerprints based on T1w, T2w, dMRI, rfMRI, and their combinations.•Large-scale analysis and validation of framework using a cohort of 945 HCP subjects.•Fingerprints of monozygotic twins are more similar than dizygotic twins or non-twins.•Framework is computationally efficient; robust to image alignment & scan resolution.
Promoting Tourism Destination Image Govers, Robert; Go, Frank M.; Kumar, Kuldeep
Journal of travel research,
08/2007, Volume:
46, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
This article examines the role of tourism promotion as a component of destination image formation. It reports the findings of a study in which 1,100 respondents from around the globe described their ...previsit perceived image of seven sample destinations, as well as the information sources they used. The findings suggest that tourism promotion does not have a major impact upon the perceptions of travelers and that other sources of information have a much greater bearing on the formation of destination image. As a result, tourism authorities need to understand that successful tourism promotion is dependent on a broad range of external influences. At the same time, the impact of marketing communication decisions on measurables such as revenue, market share, and costs must be carefully assessed.
In bread wheat, meta-QTL analysis was conducted using 353 QTLs that were available from earlier studies. When projected onto a dense consensus map comprising 76,753 markers, only 184 QTLs with the ...required information, could be utilized leading to identification of 61 MQTLs spread over 18 of the 21 chromosomes (barring 5D, 6D and 7D). The range for mean R
(PVE %) was 1.9% to 48.1%, and that of CI was 0.02 to 11.47 cM; these CIs also carried 37 Yr genes. Using these MQTLs, 385 candidate genes (CGs) were also identified. Out of these CGs, 241 encoded known R proteins and 120 showed differential expression due to stripe rust infection at the seedling stage; the remaining 24 CGs were common in the sense that they encoded R proteins as well as showed differential expression. The proteins encoded by CGs carried the following widely known domains: NBS-LRR domain, WRKY domains, ankyrin repeat domains, sugar transport domains, etc. Thirteen breeders' MQTLs (PVE > 20%) including four pairs of closely linked MQTLs are recommended for use in wheat molecular breeding, for future studies to understand the molecular mechanism of stripe rust resistance and for gene cloning.
This article presents a detailed systematic review on the current developments in the machining of superalloys. Superalloys have extensive high temperature applications and research has been ...conducted in various machining processes. The conventional and nonconventional processing of superalloys is an emerging research area and needs attention. This systematic literature survey intends to consolidate, review, and critically highlight the machining aspects carried out in this field. Bibliometric analysis using BibExcel is conducted to capture new insights in the focused field of research. Articles published since 1991 on material processing of superalloys are listed and referenced. Article statistics on each class of publications have been highlighted. A citation analysis is also reported and the articles with the highest impact are identified. Geographical mapping reveals the role of universities and institutions in the focused research. Gephi is used to identify the key research clusters and topics. Seven prominent clusters were identified and articles in each research cluster have been elaborated. A quality versus quantity analysis of the various publications is done. Present state of art in the focused research and the future directions on the material processing of superalloys based on the review are reported.
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