Particle identification system based on Focusing Aerogel RICH (FARICH) detector is considered as an option for the future experiments at the Super Charm-Tau Factory (Russia). We present the progress ...of FARICH R&D at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics. New samples of focusing 4-layer aerogels with maximal refractive index 1.065 were produced in 2020–2021. First beam test results with relativistic electrons demonstrate single photon resolution (SPR) of 9÷10mrad. According to simulation results, the aerogels with such SPR are able to provide μ/π-separation at the level of more than 3 standard deviations for tracks with momentum 1.5 GeV/c. The first version of electronics to readout SiPM arrays based on TDC implemented on FPGA (FPGA-TDC) was developed and manufactured.
The Super Charm–Tau (SCT) Factory is a proposed electron–positron collider in Novosibirsk with a peak luminosity of 1035cm−1s−1 operating in the energy range between 2and 6 GeV. The interaction ...region should be equipped by an excellent universal particle detector meeting the requirements of broad physics program of the experiment. Research and development for all detector subsystems is currently underway. Particle identification (PID) system of the detector is required to provide the state-of-the-art level of μ/π separation for the particle momenta up to 1.2GeV∕c. The following options for the PID system are considered in this paper: focusing aerogel ring imaging Cherenkov (FARICH) detector composed of 4-layer aerogel tiles, threshold Cherenkov counters based on aerogel shifter photomultiplier (ASHIPH), and time-of-flight (ToF) detector combined with the time-of-propagation (ToP) approach providing a time resolution better than 30ps. Assessment of the charged particle separation performance for these options based on simulation and prototype tests results is presented.
Aerogel for different types of Cherenkov detectors is produced by a collaboration of Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics and Boreskov Institute of Catalysis during more than two decades. So far only ...the production of two sizes was possible in large numbers: 50 × 50 and 115 × 115mm2. This work is devoted to the development of the production technology of large scale aerogel radiators for use in the Ring-imaging Cherenkov (RICH) detectors. These detectors require additional parameters to be controlled for each aerogel tile during production. Procedures of measurement of the aerogel tiles refractive index, the light scattering length, the upper surface flatness are described.
Particle detection efficiency of the KEDR detector ASHIPH system Barnyakov, A.Yu; Barnyakov, M.Yu; Bobrovnikov, V.S. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
02/2020, Volume:
952
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
The particle identification system ASHIPH (Aerogel, SHifter, PHotomultiplier) has been working in the KEDR experiment at VEPP-4M collider (Budker INP, Novosibirsk) since 2014. The system consists of ...160 counters arranged in two layers and covers the 96% of the solid angle. Two layer system permits to use different approaches for π/K separation. Three such approaches are described. The status of the system is presented. Main system parameters such as BhaBha suppression factor, π/K separation power, relativistic particle detection efficiency were measured with help of cosmic particles and experimental data collected at the peak of J/ψ-meson. π/K separation in the momentum range from 0.95 to 1.45GeV/c is better than 4σ. Monte-Carlo simulation procedures are described and results are presented as well.
The Philips Digital Photon Counter (DPC) is a silicon photomultiplier combining Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes (G-APD) and dedicated readout electronics in the same chip. The DPC is a promising ...photon sensor for future RICH detectors. A known issue of G-APD is its sensitivity to radiation damage. Two DPC sensors were tested using 800MeV/c protons. An increase of dark counting rate with proton fluence up to 4·1011cm−2 has been measured.
•Radiation hardness of the Philips Digital Photon Counter was tested using protons.•Proton fluence of up to 4·1011cm−2 was accumulated.•Dark counting rate increased by about 4 orders of magnitude at maximum fluence.
PID system based on focusing aerogel RICH for the super C-τ factory Barnyakov, A.Yu; Barnyakov, M.Yu; Boborovnikov, V.S. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
02/2020, Volume:
952
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
A high performance particle identification (PID) system is essential for the successful realization of the broad physics program at the future Super C-τ Factory in Novosibirsk. The main requirements ...for the PID system are as follows: good π/K-separation in the entire operational momentum range and good μ∕π-separation in the momentum range from 0.3 to 1.2 GeV/c. The RICH detector based on focusing aerogel radiator (FARICH) and position-sensitive photon detector meets all these requirements. The FARICH method is described, and the beam test results are presented. The FARICH system design outline for the Super C-τ Factory project is presented. Most promising photon detector options are considered.
Beam test of FARICH prototype with digital photon counter Barnyakov, A.Yu; Barnyakov, M.Yu; Bobrovnikov, V.S. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
12/2013, Volume:
732
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
In June 2012 we tested a Focusing Aerogel RICH detector prototype based on Digital Photon Counters (DPC) by Philips at the CERN PS T10 beam line with a particle momentum up to 6GeV/c. The prototype ...comprises a 20×20cm2 photon detector with 48×48 DPC pixels. In order to reduce the dark count rate, the photon detector was cooled to −40°C in addition to disabling individual DPC's microcells. A four layer focusing aerogel radiator with 200mm focal distance was studied. We obtained a Cherenkov angle resolution of 3.61±0.04mrad. The mean number of photoelectrons in a ring is 12. Directly measured π/K separation at 6GeV/c momentum is 3.5σ, μ/π separation is 5.3σ at 1GeV/c. A comparison with a Monte Carlo simulation is presented as well.
•Focusing Aerogel RICH prototype with Digital Photon Counters by Philips was built.•The prototype was tested at the CERN PS T10 beam line.•We observed Cherenkov rings with 12 photoelectrons in average.•Timing resolution of DPCs is 48ps for single photons.•Cherenkov angle resolution is 3.64±0.04mrad per ring.
Aerogel for FARICH detector Barnyakov, A.Yu; Barnyakov, M.Yu; Bobrovnikov, V.S. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
12/2014, Volume:
766
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
We present our current experience in preparation of focusing aerogels for the Focusing Aerogel RICH detector. Multilayer focusing aerogel tiles have been produced in Novosibirsk by a collaboration of ...the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics and Boreskov Institute of Catalysis since 2004. We have obtained 2-3-4-layer blocks with the thickness of 30-45 mm. In 2012, the first samples of focusing blocks with continuous density (refractive index) gradient along thickness were produced. This technology can significantly reduce the contribution from the geometric factor of the radiator thickness to the resolution of the measured Cherenkov angle in the FARICH detector. The special installation was used for automatic control of reagents ratio during the synthesis process. The first samples were tested using the digital radiography method and on the electron beam with the FARICH prototype.
Tests of FARICH prototype with precise photon position detection Barnyakov, A.Yu; Barnyakov, M.Yu; Basok, I.Yu ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
12/2014, Volume:
766
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
In June 2012 a FARICH prototype from Philips Digital Photon Counting (PDPC) based on a photon camera with dimensions of 200200 mm has been tested at CERN. Remarkable particle separation has been ...achieved with a 4-layer aerogel sample: the pi /K separation at a 6 GeV/c momentum is 3.5 sigma , the mu / pi mu / pi separation is 5.3 sigma at 1 GeV/c. The analysis of the data has shown that the main contribution to the accuracy of the ring radius measurement comes from aerogel. The development of focusing aerogels is proceeding in two main directions: tuning of production technology of multilayer blocks and development of a new production method with continuous density (refractive index) gradient along the block depth. The beam test was carried out in December 2012-January 2013 at the electron beam test facility at the VEPP-4 M e super(+)e super(-) collider. The goal of this test was to measure different single layer and focusing aerogel samples, both multilayer and gradient. Aerogel samples were tested with a PDPC FARICH prototype. A part of DPC SPADs in each pixel was disabled to form an active area of 11 mm super(2). The collected data proved that gradient aerogel samples focus Cherenkov light.
Operation and performance of the ASHIPH counters at the KEDR detector Barnyakov, A.Yu; Barnyakov, M.Yu; Boborovnikov, V.S. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
07/2016, Volume:
824
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
In 2014 the fully installed ASHIPH (Aerogel, SHifter, PHotomultiplier) system began its operation in the KEDR experiment at the VEPP-4M e+e−-collider. The system contains 1000liters of aerogel with ...refractive index n=1.05 in 160 counters that are arranged in two layers. Cherenkov light collection is preformed by means of wavelength shifters (WLS). 160Micro-Channel Plate (MCP) PMTs with multialkali photocathode are used as photodetectors. Efficiency of relativistic particles detection was measured with e+e−→e+e− events and cosmic muons. Detection efficiency for under-threshold particles was measured with cosmic muons. From these data π/K-separation of 4σ at the momentum 1.2GeV/c was obtained.
