A thirty-three-year-old patient developed polyradiculoneuritis with several post-therapeutic relapses despite excellent response to treatment by intravenous polyvalent gammaglobulin. After the second ...relapse, positive titres for Borrelia burgdorferi were found in serum and C.S.F. We gave her intravenous antibiotic and clinical signs and electrophysiological data improved. Our report and the literature can distinguish two clinical and electrophysiological presentations of neurological peripheral involvement in Lyme disease: meningoradiculoneuritis with axonal involvement and polyradiculoneuritis with demyelinization.
Ivermectin (IVM) and moxidectin (MXD) are broad-spectrum antiparasitic drugs not approved for use in dairy animals, although their use in dairy sheep, goats and cattle nevertheless occurs in many ...parts of the world. The work reported here describes (1) the application of an HPLC method (including milk samples clean-up and chemical extraction) to quantify IVM and MXD residues in bovine milk, and (2) an assessment of the effect of different IVM and MXD concentrations on bovine milk acid fermentation. The latter was carried out using the 'yoghurt test' to determine the minimum IVM and MXD concentrations affecting milk acid fermentation. The sample clean-up, chemical extraction and the validated HPLC method allowed the quantification of IVM and MXD up to 0.1 ng ml
-1
in milk with acceptable validation coefficients. Drug recoveries from fortified milk samples ranged between 72% (CV = 9.1%) and 75% (CV = 13.3%) for MXD and IVM, respectively. Neither IVM nor MXD affected the acid fermentation of bovine milk. In fact, there was no drug-induced changes on milk acidity even at IVM and MXD concentrations as high as 1000 ng ml
-1
. These results indicate that the yoghurt biological test is not suitable to evaluate the presence of milk residues for these antiparasitic compounds. Thus, a highly sensitive HPLC technique is the only reliable method for determining the presence of residual concentrations of IVM and MXD in milk and dairy products to assure consumer safety.
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to compare four selection indexes and REML/BLUP methodology in the evaluation of predicted genetic gains of traits of interest in snap bean breeding program. We ...evaluated 17 selected lines, in a randomized complete block design, with four replicates, in four environments, Bom Jesus de Itapaboana-RJ, in 2011 and 2012 and Cambuci-RJ, in 2011 and 2013. The evaluated traits were pod and grain productivity, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and weight of 100 seeds. For gain prediction, the employed selection indexes were Pesek & Baker, Smith & Hazel, Mulamba & Mock, Williams and REML/BLUP methodology. Among the tested selection indexes, Mulamba & Mock was the one which showed the best gain distribution considering the tested variables, such as the higher coincidence coefficients in comparison to REML/BLUP, resulting in 62% of grain productivity and pod productivity per plant. The REML/BLUP methodology permitted to select lines with high relative performances and obtained simultaneous gains for the evaluated traits, being superior in relation to the tested selection indexes for snap bean crop.
RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar quatro índices de seleção e o método REML/BLUP na avaliação de ganhos genéticos preditos das características de interesse ao programa de melhoramento de feijão-de-vagem da UENF. Foram avaliadas 17 linhagens, em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições, em quatro ambientes, Bom Jesus de Itabapoana-RJ, nos anos 2011 e 2012 e Cambuci-RJ, nos anos 2011 e 2013. Avaliaram-se as características de produtividade de vagens e de grãos, número de vagens por planta, número de sementes por vagem e peso de 100 sementes. Para predição de ganhos, os índices de seleção utilizados, foram Pesek & Baker, Smith & Hazel, Mulamba & Mock, Williams, além da metodologia de REML/BLUP. Entre os índices de seleção testados, Mulamba & Mock foi o que apresentou a melhor distribuição dos ganhos entre as variáveis avaliadas, assim como, os maiores coeficientes de coincidência comparado com REML/BLUP, resultando em 62% para produtividade de grãos e produtividade de vagens por planta. O método REML/BLUP permitiu selecionar linhagens com desempenhos relativos altos e obter ganhos simultâneos entre as características avaliadas, sendo superiores em relação aos índices de seleção testados para a cultura de feijão-de-vagem.
The pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of neomycin in sheep were investigated following intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous and intratracheal administration of 10 mg/kg. A rapid distribution ...phase (t 1/2 alpha, 3.16 min) was followed by a slower elimination phase (t1/2 beta, 1.98 h). The apparent volume of distribution was 304.69 ml/kg. Absorption half-lives were 18.62, 21.22 and 40.83 min and elimination half-lives 2.68, 2.82 and 2.55 h after IM, SC and IT administration, respectively. Bioavailabilities between 0.74 and 0.85 were obtained for the three routes of administration. Based on the bioavailability and disposition kinetics of neomycin, a twice daily IM dosage regimen should both be practical and adequate to maintain plasma neomycin concentrations within the pharmacologically active but nontoxic range.
Serum concentrations of ticarcillin were measured serially over a period of 12h in a cross over trial involving 6 healthy adult ewes after intravenous and intramuscular (IM) administration of 40 mg ...ticarcillin per kg body weight. Probenecid (40 mg/kg) was also administered IM immediately before the IM administration of 40 mg/kg ticarcillin. Pharmacokinetic values after intravenous administration were: half-life of elimination (T 1/2 beta) = 0.90 +/- 0.09 h; volume of distribution at steady state (Vdss) = 456.8 +/- 106.6 ml/kg, total body clearance (CIB) = 614.5 +/- 81.2 ml/h/kg. Ticarcillin persisted in serum at greater than or equal to 1.5 micrograms/ml for 4 hours. Pharmacokinetic and bioavailability values after intramuscular administration were: half-life of absorption (T 1/2 ab) = 8.08 +/- 1.98 min; T 1/2 beta = 0.96 +/- 0.07 h. Peak serum concentration (Cmax) was 31.11 +/- 6.02 micrograms/ml at 0.50 h (Tmax), bioavailability (F) was 0.82 +/- 0.09. After ticarcillin was administered IM together with probenecid the T 1/2 ab was 33.9 +/- 13.7 min, the T 1/2 beta 2.66 +/- 0.65 h, Cmax = 44.87 +/- 5.58 at 1.33 +/- 0.44 h, and F = 1.25 +/- 0.23.
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