1.
Terms, definitions and measurements to describe sonographic features of myometrium and uterine masses: a consensus opinion from the Morphological Uterus Sonographic Assessment (MUSA) group
Van den Bosch, T.; Dueholm, M.; Leone, F. P. G. ...
Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology,
September 2015, Volume:
46, Issue:
3
Journal Article, Conference Proceeding
The MUSA (Morphological Uterus Sonographic Assessment) statement is a consensus statement on terms, definitions and measurements that may be used to describe and report the sonographic features of ...
the myometrium using gray‐scale sonography, color/power Doppler and three‐dimensional ultrasound imaging. The terms and definitions described may form the basis for prospective studies to predict the risk of different myometrial pathologies, based on their ultrasound appearance, and thus should be relevant for the clinician in daily practice and for clinical research. The sonographic features and use of terminology for describing the two most common myometrial lesions (fibroids and adenomyosis) and uterine smooth muscle tumors are presented. Copyright © 2015 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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2.
Systematic approach to sonographic evaluation of the pelvis in women with suspected endometriosis, including terms, definitions and measurements: a consensus opinion from the International Deep Endometriosis Analysis (IDEA) group
Guerriero, S.; Condous, G.; van den Bosch, T. ...
Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology,
September 2016, Volume:
48, Issue:
3
Journal Article
ABSTRACT
The IDEA (International Deep Endometriosis Analysis group) statement is a consensus opinion on terms, definitions and measurements that may be used to describe the sonographic features of ...
the different phenotypes of endometriosis. Currently, it is difficult to compare results between published studies because authors use different terms when describing the same structures and anatomical locations. We hope that the terms and definitions suggested herein will be adopted in centers around the world. This would result in consistent use of nomenclature when describing the ultrasound location and extent of endometriosis. We believe that the standardization of terminology will allow meaningful comparisons between future studies in women with an ultrasound diagnosis of endometriosis and should facilitate multicenter research. Copyright © 2016 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Enfoque sistemático para la evaluación ecográfica de la pelvis en mujeres con posible endometriosis, incluyendo términos, definiciones y mediciones: una opinión consensuada del Grupo Internacional de Análisis de la Endometriosis Profunda
RESUMEN
La declaración del Grupo Internacional de Análisis de la Endometriosis Profunda (IDEA, por sus siglas en inglés) es una opinión basada en un consenso sobre los términos, definiciones y medidas que se pueden utilizar para describir las características ecográficas de los distintos fenotipos de la endometriosis. Actualmente es difícil comparar los resultados entre los estudios publicados porque los autores utilizan términos diferentes para describir las mismas estructuras y localizaciones anatómicas. Esperamos que los términos y definiciones propuestas en este documento se adopten en centros de investigación de todo el mundo. Esto resultaría en un uso uniforme de la nomenclatura para describir la ubicación y el alcance de la endometriosis en la evaluación ecográfica. Creemos que la normalización de la terminología permitirá realizar comparaciones significativas entre futuros estudios de mujeres con diagnóstico de endometriosis mediante ecografía y debería facilitar la investigación entre múltiples centros de investigación.
This article's has been translated into Spanish and Chinese. Follow the links from the to view the translations.
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3.
Ultrasound characteristics of endometrial cancer as defined by International Endometrial Tumor Analysis (IETA) consensus nomenclature: prospective multicenter study
Epstein, E.; Fischerova, D.; Valentin, L. ...
Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology,
June 2018, Volume:
51, Issue:
6
Journal Article
ABSTRACT
Objective
To describe the sonographic features of endometrial cancer in relation to tumor stage, grade and histological type, using the International Endometrial Tumor Analysis (IETA) ...
terminology.
Methods
This was a prospective multicenter study of 1714 women with biopsy‐confirmed endometrial cancer undergoing standardized transvaginal grayscale and Doppler ultrasound examination according to the IETA study protocol, by experienced ultrasound examiners using high‐end ultrasound equipment. Clinical and sonographic data were entered into a web‐based database. We assessed how strongly sonographic characteristics, according to IETA, were associated with outcome at hysterectomy, i.e. tumor stage, grade and histological type, using univariable logistic regression and the c‐statistic.
Results
In total, 1538 women were included in the final analysis. Median age was 65 (range, 27–98) years, median body mass index was 28.4 (range 16–67) kg/m2, 1377 (89.5%) women were postmenopausal and 1296 (84.3%) reported abnormal vaginal bleeding. Grayscale and color Doppler features varied according to grade and stage of tumor. High‐risk tumors, compared with low‐risk tumors, were less likely to have regular endometrial–myometrial junction (difference of −23%; 95% CI, −27 to −18%), were larger (mean endometrial thickness; difference of +9%; 95% CI, +8 to +11%), and were more likely to have non‐uniform echogenicity (difference of +7%; 95% CI, +1 to +13%), a multiple, multifocal vessel pattern (difference of +21%; 95% CI, +16 to +26%) and a moderate or high color score (difference of +22%; 95% CI, +18 to +27%).
Conclusion
Grayscale and color Doppler sonographic features are associated with grade and stage of tumor, and differ between high‐ and low‐risk endometrial cancer. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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4.
Imaging in gynecological disease (20): clinical and ultrasound characteristics of adnexal torsion
Moro, F.; Bolomini, G.; Sibal, M. ...
Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology,
December 2020, Volume:
56, Issue:
6
Journal Article
ABSTRACT
Objectives
To describe the clinical and ultrasound characteristics of adnexal torsion.
Methods
This was a retrospective study. From the operative records of the eight participating ...
gynecological ultrasound centers, we identified patients with a surgically confirmed diagnosis of adnexal torsion, defined as surgical evidence of ovarian pedicle, paraovarian cyst and/or Fallopian tube twisted on its own axis, who had undergone preoperative ultrasound examination by an experienced examiner, between 2008 and 2018. Only cases with at least two available ultrasound images and/or videoclips (one grayscale and one with Doppler evaluation) were included. Clinical, ultrasound, surgical and histological information was retrieved from each patient's medical record and entered into an Excel file by the principal investigator at each center. In addition, two authors reviewed all available ultrasound images and videoclips of the twisted adnexa, with regard to the presence of four predefined ultrasound features reported to be characteristic of adnexal torsion: (1) ovarian stromal edema with or without peripherally displaced antral follicles, (2) the follicular ring sign, (3) the whirlpool sign and (4) absence of vascularization in the twisted organ.
Results
A total of 315 cases of adnexal torsion were identified. The median age of the patients was 30 (range, 1–88) years. Most patients were premenopausal (284/314; 90.4%) and presented with acute or subacute pelvic pain (305/315; 96.8%). The surgical approach was laparoscopic in 239/312 (76.6%) patients and conservative surgery (untwisting with or without excision of a lesion) was performed in 149/315 (47.3%) cases. According to the original ultrasound reports, the median largest diameter of the twisted organ was 83 (range, 30–349) mm. Free fluid in the pouch of Douglas was detected in 196/275 (71.3%) patients. Ovarian stromal edema with or without peripherally displaced antral follicles was reported in the original ultrasound report in 167/241 (69.3%) patients, the whirlpool sign in 178/226 (78.8%) patients, absent color Doppler signals in the twisted organ in 119/269 (44.2%) patients and the follicular ring sign in 51/134 (38.1%) patients. On retrospective review of images and videoclips, ovarian stromal edema with or without peripherally displaced antral follicles (201/254; 79.1%) and the whirlpool sign (139/153; 90.8%) were the most commonly detected features of adnexal torsion.
Conclusion
Most patients with surgically confirmed adnexal torsion are of reproductive age and present with acute or subacute pain. Common ultrasound signs are an enlarged adnexa, the whirlpool sign, ovarian stromal edema with or without peripherally displaced antral follicles and free fluid in the pelvis. The follicular ring sign and absence of Doppler signals in the twisted organ are slightly less common signs. Recognizing ultrasound signs of adnexal torsion is important so that the correct treatment, i.e. surgery without delay, can be offered. Copyright © 2020 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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5.
6.
Zeeman Doppler mapping revisited: Force-free fields, regularisation functions, and abundance maps
Stift, M. J.; Leone, F.
Astronomy & astrophysics,
03/2022, Volume:
659
Journal Article
Aims.
For the observational modelling of horizontal abundance distributions and of magnetic geometries in chemically peculiar (CP) stars, Zeeman Doppler mapping (ZDM) has become the method of choice. ...
Comparisons between abundance maps obtained for CP stars and predictions from numerical simulations of atomic diffusion have always proved unsatisfactory. This study is intended to explore the reasons for the discrepancies.
Methods.
We cast a cold eye (evoking the epitaph on Nobel laureate W.B. Yeats’ gravestone:
Cast a cold Eye / On Life, on Death. / Horseman, pass by
) on essential assumptions underlying ZDM, in particular, the formulae governing the magnetic field geometry, but also the regularisation functionals.
Results.
Recognising that the observed strong magnetic fields in most well-mapped stars require the field geometry to be force free, we show that the formulae used so far to describe the magnetic geometry do not meet this condition. It follows that the published magnetic maps and the abundance maps of these stars are all spurious.
Conclusions.
To obtain observational constraints for the modelling of atomic diffusion, the use in ZDM of the correct formulae for force-free or potential magnetic fields is paramount. Extensive simulations are required to quantify the effects of chemical stratifications and of regularisation functions on the recovered magnetic and abundance maps.
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7.
Strategies to diagnose ovarian cancer: new evidence from phase 3 of the multicentre international IOTA study
TESTA, A; KAIJSER, J; FRUSCIO, R ...
British journal of cancer,
08/2014, Volume:
111, Issue:
4
Journal Article
To compare different ultrasound-based international ovarian tumour analysis (IOTA) strategies and risk of malignancy index (RMI) for ovarian cancer diagnosis using a meta-analysis approach of ...
centre-specific data from IOTA3.
This prospective multicentre diagnostic accuracy study included 2403 patients with 1423 benign and 980 malignant adnexal masses from 2009 until 2012. All patients underwent standardised transvaginal ultrasonography. Test performance of RMI, subjective assessment (SA) of ultrasound findings, two IOTA risk models (LR1 and LR2), and strategies involving combinations of IOTA simple rules (SRs), simple descriptors (SDs) and LR2 with and without SA was estimated using a meta-analysis approach. Reference standard was histology after surgery.
The areas under the receiver operator characteristic curves of LR1, LR2, SA and RMI were 0.930 (0.917-0.942), 0.918 (0.905-0.930), 0.914 (0.886-0.936) and 0.875 (0.853-0.894). Diagnostic one-step and two-step strategies using LR1, LR2, SR and SD achieved summary estimates for sensitivity 90-96%, specificity 74-79% and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) 32.8-50.5. Adding SA when IOTA methods yielded equivocal results improved performance (DOR 57.6-75.7). Risk of Malignancy Index had sensitivity 67%, specificity 91% and DOR 17.5.
This study shows all IOTA strategies had excellent diagnostic performance in comparison with RMI. The IOTA strategy chosen may be determined by clinical preference.
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8.
Experimental atomic data of spectral lines – I. Cs, Ba, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Hf, Re, and Os in the 370–1000 nm interval
Ferrara, C; Giarrusso, M; Leone, F
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society,
11/2023, Volume:
527, Issue:
3
Journal Article
ABSTRACT
Atomic data are fundamental for plasma diagnostics in laboratory and astrophysics through spectroscopy. These data are extensively present in data bases for light elements, however ...
incomplete for high-mass atoms. This paper presents the results of systematic spectroscopy of 17 elements with high Z, expected to be produced in kilonova events generated by neutron star mergers, whose spectral lines are not yet fully identified in stellar spectra and fusion devices. Experimental data are from échelle high-resolution (λ/Δλ = 60 000) spectroscopy of hollow cathode lamps obtained with the Catania Astrophysical Observatory Spectropolarimeter covering the 3700–10 000 Å range in a single exposure. A total of about 7700 spectral lines with energy level classification not previously listed in the NIST, Kurucz, and VALD data bases are here reported for neutral and singly ionized atomic transitions. For the spectral lines of any species, we report the measured wavelengths and their relative intensities. If possible, we also estimate the transition probabilities under the assumptions of optically thin emission and electric-dipole transitions. These are converted into oscillator strengths ready to be inserted in astrophysical data bases for spectral synthesis.
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9.
Terms, definitions and measurements to describe the sonographic features of the endometrium and intrauterine lesions: a consensus opinion from the International Endometrial Tumor Analysis (IETA) group
Leone, F. P. G.; Timmerman, D.; Bourne, T. ...
Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology,
January 2010, 2010, 2010-Jan, 2010-01-00, 20100101, Volume:
35, Issue:
1
Journal Article
The IETA (International Endometrial Tumor Analysis group) statement is a consensus statement on terms, definitions and measurements that may be used to describe the sonographic features of the ...
endometrium and uterine cavity on gray‐scale sonography, color flow imaging and sonohysterography. The relationship between the ultrasound features described and the presence or absence of pathology is not known. However, the IETA terms and definitions may form the basis for prospective studies to predict the risk of different endometrial pathologies based on their ultrasound appearance. Copyright © 2009 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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10.
Imaging in gynecological disease (16): clinical and ultrasound characteristics of serous cystadenofibromas in adnexa
Virgilio, B. A.; De Blasis, I.; Sladkevicius, P. ...
Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology,
December 2019, Volume:
54, Issue:
6
Journal Article
ABSTRACT
Objective
To describe the clinical and ultrasound characteristics of serous cystadenofibromas in the adnexa.
Methods
This was a retrospective study of patients identified in the ...
International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) database, who had a histological diagnosis of serous cystadenofibroma and had undergone preoperative ultrasound examination by an experienced ultrasound examiner, between 1999 and 2012. In the IOTA database, which contains data collected prospectively, the tumors were described using the terms and definitions of the IOTA group. In addition, three authors reviewed, first independently and then together, ultrasound images of serous cystadenofibromas and described them using pattern recognition.
Results
We identified 233 women with a histological diagnosis of serous cystadenofibroma. In the IOTA database, most cystadenofibromas (67.4%; 157/233) were described as containing solid components but 19.3% (45/233) were described as multilocular cysts and 13.3% (31/233) as unilocular cysts. Papillary projections were described in 52.4% (122/233) of the cystadenofibromas. In 79.5% (97/122) of the cysts with papillary projections, color Doppler signals were absent in the papillary projections. Most cystadenofibromas (83.7%; 195/233) manifested no or minimal color Doppler signals. On retrospective analysis of 201 ultrasound images of serous cystadenofibromas, using pattern recognition, 10 major types of ultrasound appearance were identified. The most common pattern was a unilocular solid cyst with one or more papillary projections, but no other solid components (25.9%; 52/201). The second most common pattern was a multilocular solid mass with small solid component(s), but no papillary projections (19.4%; 39/201). The third and fourth most common patterns were multi‐ or bilocular cyst (16.9%; 34/201) and unilocular cyst (11.9%; 24/201). Using pattern recognition, shadowing was identified in 39.8% (80/201) of the tumors, and microcystic appearance of the papillary projections was observed in 34 (38.6%) of the 88 tumors containing papillary projections.
Conclusions
The ultrasound features of serous cystadenofibromas vary. The most common pattern is a unilocular solid cyst with one or more papillary projections but no other solid components, with absent color Doppler signals. Most serous cystadenofibromas were poorly vascularized on color Doppler examination and many manifested acoustic shadowing. Copyright © 2019 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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