Display omitted
•Three-dimensional (3D) porous lignin-modified graphene aerogel (LGA) was fabricated by one-step hydrothermal treatment.•The LGA was compressive, ultralight and fire-resistant with ...hydrophobic skeletons.•The LGA exhibits efficient selectivity, high capacity and good recyclability for oils and organic solvents.•The absorption capacity can be improved by carbonation treatment maximum up to 522 times.
Compressive, ultralight and fire-resistant graphene aerogel is facilely modified by renewable lignin biomass with hydrophobic and porous skeletons. The lignin-modified graphene aerogel (LGA) show highly efficient absorption of not only petroleum oils, but also toxic solvents such as toluene, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride (up to 350 times of its own weight), which is superior to that of graphene aerogel (GA) and among the highest in previous reported absorbents. Even after several compressive and release cycles, their absorption capacity are also maintained at 96%. Moreover, the absorption capacity can be further improved by carbonation treatment maximum up to 522 times of its own weight. Importantly, the LGA can be regenerated by repeated heat treatment and squeezing method, yielding almost full release of adsorbates. Such a high efficient, recyclable and renewable LGA exhibits it a potential candidate for applications in oil-water separation and also paves way to high-valued utilization of biomass waste.
In order to predict the global potential distribution range of Ixodes pacificus (I. pacificus) under different climate scenario models in the future, analyze the major climate factors affecting its ...distribution, and provide references for the transformation of passive vector surveillance into active vector surveillance, the maximum entropy model (MaxEnt) was used in this study to estimate the global potential distribution range of I. pacificus under historical climate scenarios and different future climate scenarios. The global distribution data of I. pacificus were screened by ENMtools and ArcGIS 10.8 software, and a total of 563 distribution data of I. pacificus were obtained. Maxent 3.4.1 and R 4.0.3 were used to screen climate variables according to the contribution rate of environmental variables, knife cutting method and correlation analysis of variables. R 4.0.3 was used to calculate model regulation frequency doubling and feature combination to adjust MaxEnt parameters. The model results showed that the training omission rate was in good agreement with the theoretical omission rate, and the area under ROC curve (AUC) value of the model was 0.978. Among the included environmental variables, the Tmin2 (minimum temperature in February) and Prec1 (precipitation in January) contributed the most to the model, providing more effective information for the distribution of I. pacificus. MaxEnt model revealed that the distribution range of I. pacificus was dynamically changing. The main potential suitable areas are distributed in North America, South America, Europe, Oceania and Asia. Under the future climate scenario model, the potential suitable areas show a downward trend, but the countries and regions ieeeeeeenvolved in the suitable areas do not change much. Therefore, the invasion risk of the potential suitable area of I. pacificus should be paid attention to.
This study examined to evaluate the predictive value of a nomogram with Ki-67 in overall and disease-free survival in glioma patients, a total of 76 patients diagnosed with glioma by pathology in ...Tengzhou Central People’s Hospital were enrolled. The baseline data and follow ups were retrospectively collected from medical records. The associations between Ki-67 and survival status were examined using log-rank test, univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models. Calibrations were performed to validate the established nomograms. Ki-67 negative group showed of a longer OS survival time and a longer PFS survival time with log-rank test (x2 = 16.101, P < 0.001 and x2 = 16.961, P < 0.001). Age older than 50 years (HR = 2.074, 95% CI 1.097–3.923), abnormal treatment (HR = 2.932, 95% CI 1.343–6.403) and Ki-67 positive (HR = 2.722, 95% CI 1.097–6.755) were the independent predictive factors of death. High grade pathology (HR = 2.453, 95% CI 1.010–5.956) and Ki-67 positive (HR = 2.200, 95% CI 1.043–4.639) were the independent predictive factors of recurrence. The C-index for the nomogram of OS and PFS were 0.745 and 0.723, respectively. The calibration results showed that the nomogram could predict the overall and disease-free 1-year survival of glioma patients. In conclusion, the nomograms with Ki-67 as independent risk factor for OS and PFS could provide clinical consultation in the treatment and follow-up of malignant glioma.
Acquired heterotopic ossification (HO) is a painful and debilitating disease characterized by extraskeletal bone formation after injury. The exact pathogenesis of HO remains unknown. Here we show ...that TGF-β initiates and promotes HO in mice. We find that calcified cartilage and newly formed bone resorb osteoclasts after onset of HO, which leads to high levels of active TGF-β that recruit mesenchymal stromal/progenitor cells (MSPCs) in the HO microenvironment. Transgenic expression of active TGF-β in tendon induces spontaneous HO, whereas systemic injection of a TGF-β neutralizing antibody attenuates ectopic bone formation in traumatic and BMP-induced mouse HO models, and in a fibrodysplasia ossificans progressive mouse model. Moreover, inducible knockout of the TGF-β type II receptor in MSPCs inhibits HO progression in HO mouse models. Our study points toward elevated levels of active TGF-β as inducers and promoters of ectopic bone formation, and suggest that TGF-β might be a therapeutic target in HO.
•A composite of Ag3PO4, graphene oxide quantum dots was prepared for the first time.•The Ag3PO4@GOQDs composite exhibits excellent ciprofloxacin degradation ability.•A core-shell heterojunction is ...formed between Ag3PO4@GOQDs.••O2– and •h+ are the active species during photocatalytic degradation.
To solve the problem of photocorrosion of Ag3PO4, a chemical deposition method was used to prepare a visible-light-active core-shell composite (Ag3PO4@GOQDs) photocatalyst containing silver phosphate (Ag3PO4), graphene oxide (GO), and graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs). The degradation efficiency of 2.5 wt% Ag3PO4@GOQDs for ciprofloxacin was 98.7% within 18 min through the synergistic effect of adsorption and photocatalysis. Even after 6 repeated cycles, Ag3PO4@GOQDs exhibited excellent stability. GOQDs improved the adsorption performance and promoted the transmission of photogenerated electrons, whereas the coating of Ag3PO4 slowed down the photocorrosion and enhanced the stability and photocatalytic activity of the interface. Free radical capture experiments confirmed that h+ and •O2– were the main active species during the photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin.
To explore the pathogenesis of Rhizoctonia solani and its phytotoxin phenylacetic acid (PAA) on maize leaves and sheaths, treated leaf and sheath tissues were analyzed and interpreted by ...ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry combined with chemometrics. The PAA treatment had similar effects to those of R. solani on maize leaves regarding the metabolism of traumatin, phytosphingosine, vitexin 2'' O-beta-D-glucoside, rutin and DIBOA-glucoside, which were up-regulated, while the synthesis of OPC-8:0 and 12-OPDA, precursors for the synthesis of jasmonic acid, a plant defense signaling molecule, was down-regulated under both treatments. However, there were also discrepancies in the influences exhibited by R. solani and PAA as the metabolic concentration of zeaxanthin diglucoside in the R. solani infected leaf group decreased. Conversely, in the PAA-treated leaf group, the synthesis of zeaxanthin diglucoside was enhanced. Moreover, although the synthesis of 12 metabolites were suppressed in both the R. solani- and PAA-treated leaf tissues, the inhibitory effect of R. solani was stronger than that of PAA. An increased expression of quercitrin and quercetin 3-O-glucoside was observed in maize sheaths treated by R. solani, while their concentrations were not changed significantly in the PAA-treated sheaths. Furthermore, a significant decrease in the concentration of L-Glutamate, which plays important roles in plant resistance to necrotrophic pathogens, only occurred in the R. solani-treated sheath tissues. The differentiated metabolite levels may be the partial reason of why maize sheaths were more susceptible to R. solani than leaves and may explain the underlying mechanisms of R. solani pathogenesis.
The use of shape memory polymer composites as novel materials for next generation space deployable structures requires the study of the effect of space environment upon their properties. The ...resistance of carbon fiber/epoxy shape memory polymer composite to vacuum thermal cycling, ultraviolet radiation and atomic oxygen has been evaluated separately by using ground-based simulation facilities. The thermal cycling condition has a temperature range of −100 °C to +100 °C with cycle times of 0, 15, 30, and 45. The irradiation times of ultraviolet with a wavelength range of 250 nm–400 nm are 0, 80, 160, and 240 h. The atomic oxygen radiation has a translational energy of about 5 eV and a flux of about 2 × 1015 atoms/cm2 at the sample position, and the irradiation times are 0, 33, 66, and 100 h. The shape memory polymer composite specimens are compared in terms of morphology, tensile modulus, breaking strength and elongation at break before and after irradiation. Results show that thermal cycling increases tensile modulus but decreases the breaking strength and the elongation at break of material after 45 cycles. The effect of ultraviolet radiation on mechanical properties of materials depends on the radiation dose received. Atomic oxygen can negatively but slightly affect the mechanical properties of the material.
•Effects of vacuum thermal cycling, UV and AO radiations on the surface morphology of the shape memory polymer composite.•Effects of vacuum thermal cycling, UV and AO radiations on the mechanical properties of the shape memory polymer composite.•Evaluation of space radiation resistance of the carbon fiber/epoxy shape memory polymer composite.
The Mishrif Formation in X Oilfield in Iraq is heterogeneous and has prominent development contradictions, and the development plan required urgent adjustment. Based on data regarding the core, cast ...thin sections, physical property, mercury injection experiments, and development performance, the main geological factors causing the unbalanced development of the Mishrif Formation are identified, and the corresponding development strategy is proposed. The results show that the High Flow Zones (HFZs) are the main geological factors causing unbalanced production in the thick bioclastic limestone reservoir. There are three kinds of HFZs in MA, MB1, and MB2 intervals, namely, the point shoal type, the tidal channel type, and the platform margin shoal type. All HFZs have different scales and distribution patterns. HFZs have ultra-high permeability and large permeability differences with the surrounding reservoir. During development, the oil mainly comes from HFZs, and the considerable reserves in the low permeability reservoir surrounding the HFZs are difficult to develop. The size of the pore throat of the HFZs greatly varies, and permeability is mainly dominated by the mega-pore throat (>10 μm) and the macro-pore throat (2.5~10 μm). In water flood development, the injected water rapidly advances along the mega-pore throat and the macro-pore throat, and the oil in the micro-pore or medium-pore throats are difficult to be displace. It can be concluded that the Mishrif Formation is vertically heterogeneous. The connectivity of HFZs in different intervals greatly varies. As a result, the Mishrif Formation is divided into three development units, MA, MB1, and MB2 + MC, and production wells are deployed in HFZs. The MA adopts a reverse nine-point injection-production pattern, for which the well spacing is 900 m using a vertical well, and the injection well should avoid the HFZs near the faults. The MB1 adopts an irregular five-point injection-production pattern using a vertical well, and the injection wells are deployed at the edge of the tidal channel or in the lagoon. MB2_1 deploys horizontal production wells, for which the well spacing is 900 m. Horizontal production wells, for which the well spacing is 300 m, are deployed in the lower MB2, and the lateral horizontal production wells are converted into injection wells after water breakthrough, and the horizontal wells deployed in the lower part of MC should moderately inject water.
Display omitted
•Matrine attenuates heterotopic ossification.•Matrine suppresses TGF-β induced mesenchymal stromal cells migration.•Matrine suppresses TGF-β induced osteogenic differentiation.
...Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a debilitating disease characterized by extraskeletal bone formation. Active TGF-β recruits mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which contribute to trauma-induced HO. Inhibiting TGF-β induced MSC migration and osteogenic differentiation could be a promising treatment for HO. Matrine is an alkaloid from the genus Sophora that can suppress pancreatic and hepatic fibrosis by regulating TGF-β/Smad signaling. We conducted this study to evaluate the effects of matrine on HO and explore the mechanisms, we carried out this study.
Achilles tendon puncture was performed in C57BL/6J male mice to establish the HO model. Following treatment with matrine for 3, 6, 9, and 15 weeks, mice were sacrificed and tendons were collected. In vivo, micro-CT, hematoxylin and eosin staining, CD73 and CD90 immunofluorescence, and osteocalcin staining were used to evaluate the development of HO. In vitro, a transwell migration assay was used to evaluate MSC migration. Immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and western blotting were used to evaluate the TGF-β/Smad2/3 pathway. Real-time PCR was conducted to analyze the transcription of alkaline phosphatase (Alp), runt-related transcription factor-2 (Runx2), osteocalcin (Ocn), osteopontin (Opn), and type I collagen (Col1). ALP activity and alizarin red staining were used to assess MSC osteogenic differentiation.
In vivo, matrine significantly reduced ossification and inhibited HO progression. In vitro, matrine significantly suppressed MSC migration, ALP activity, and mineralization of MSCs. Mechanistically, matrine inhibited TGF-β induced Smad2/3 phosphorylation and transcription of Runx2, Alp, and Ocn after osteoinduction.
Matrine inhibited HO by suppressing the migration and osteogenic differentiation of TGF-β-induced-MSCsin mice.
The extraction behaviors of Np(VI) from nitric acid medium by di(1-methyl-heptyl) methyl phosphonate (DMHMP) diluted in kerosene has been investigated. The effective factors studied in this research ...included the contact time, the concentration of DMHMP, HNO
3
as well as nitrate and the temperature. Slope analyses indicated that Np(VI) was coordinated in the form of neutral molecules and the extractant complex was NpO
2
(NO
3
)
2
·2DMHMP. Distribution coefficients increased with the increase of HNO
3
concentration until up to 4.0 mol/L and then decreased. The value of enthalpy change for the reaction was negative which means that the extraction of Np(VI) was an exothermic process.
PDF
