An optical sensor system based on wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) was developed for atmospheric oxygen (O
) detection. A distributed feedback (DFB) laser with butterfly packaging was used to ...target the O
absorption line at 760.89 nm. A compact multi-pass gas cell was employed to increase the effective absorption length to 3.3 m. To ensure the stability and anti-interference capability of the sensor in field measurements, the optical module was fabricated with isolation of ambient light and vibration design. A 1
normalized 2
WMS (WMS-2
/1
) technique was adopted to reduce the effect of laser power drift. In addition, a LabVIEW-based dual-channel lock-in amplifier was developed for harmonic detection, which significantly reduced the sensor volume and cost. The detailed detection principle was described, and a theoretical model was established to verify the effectiveness of the technique. Experiments were carried out to obtain the device's sensing performances. An Allan deviation analysis yielded a minimum detection limit of 0.054% for 1 s integration time that can be further improved to 0.009% at ~60 s. Finally, the reliability and anti-interference capability of the sensor system were verified by the atmospheric O
monitoring.
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), a primary myocardial disease, is characterized by dilation of the left or both ventricles and systolic dysfunction with or without congestive heart failure. DCM per se ...is a well-recognized risk factor for sudden cardiac death and poor surgical outcomes following noncardiac surgery. Surgical trauma/stress represents unique challenges for DCM patient management. Unfortunately, there is a big knowledge gap in managing DCM patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. Therefore, the aim of our review is to provide basic facts and current advances in DCM, as well as a practical guideline to perioperative care providers, for the management of surgical patients with DCM, who are quite rare compared with the general surgical population. This review summarizes recent advances in the medical management of DCM as well as perioperative assessment and management strategies for DCM patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. Optimal surgical outcomes depend on multiple-disciplinary care to minimize perioperative cardiovascular disturbances.
Mixed oxygen ion and electron-conducting materials are viable cathodes for solid oxide fuel cells due to their excellent oxygen transport kinetics and mixed electrical conductivity, which ensure ...highly efficient operation at low and medium temperatures. However, iron-based double perovskite oxides usually exhibit poor electrocatalytic activity due to low electron and oxygen ion conductivity. In this paper, Ca is doped in PrBaFe2O5+δ A-site to improve the electrochemical performance of PrBaFe2O5+δ. Results show that replacing Pr with Ca does not change the crystal structure, and the Ca doping effectively increases the adsorbed oxygen content and accelerates the migration and diffusion rate of O2− to the electrolyte|cathode interface. The polarization resistance of the symmetric cell PC0.15BF|CGO|PC0.15BF is 0.033 Ω·cm2 at 800 °C, which is about 56% lower than that of PBF, confirming the enhancement of the mixed conduction of oxygen ions and electrons. In addition, the anode-supported single cell has a peak power density of 512 mW·cm−2 at 800 °C.
Breast cancer is one of the most serious and prevalent malignancies. Zinc is commonly known to play a crucial role in the development and progression of breast cancer; however, the detailed ...mechanisms underlying this role are not well understood. This study aimed to develop a zinc metabolism-related gene (ZMRG) signature based on a multi-database study to predict patient prognosis and investigate the relationship between drug therapy response and immune enrichment.
Data for breast cancer samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases were screened for zinc metabolism-related genes using the Molecular Signature Database. Cox and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator regressions were performed to construct a ZMRG signature. To assess the predictive performance of the gene signature, Kaplan-Meier analysis and receiver operating characteristic curves were used. Additionally, we utilised single-sample gene set enrichment analysis, the Tumour Immune Estimation Resource, the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer database, and the Cancer Therapeutics Response Portal to investigate the association between the tumour microenvironment and drug sensitivity. Quantitative PCR was used to assess the expression of each gene in the signature in breast cancer cell lines and patient samples.
Five ZMRGs were identified (ATP7B, BGLAP, P2RX4, SLC39A11, and TH) and a risk profile was constructed for each. Two risk groups, high- and low-risk, were identified in this way, and the high-risk score subgroups were found to have worse prognosis. This risk profile was validated using the GSE42568 dataset. Tumour microenvironment and drug sensitivity analyses showed that the expression of these five ZMRGs was significantly associated with immune response. The high-risk group showed substantial immune cell infiltration and enrichment of immune pathways, and patients were more sensitive to drugs commonly used in breast cancer.
The ZMRG signature represents a new prognostic predictor for patients with breast cancer, and may also provide new insights into individualised treatment of breast cancer.
Short hairpin (sh)RNAs delivered by recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAVs) are valuable tools to study gene function in vivo and a promising gene therapy platform. Our data show that ...incorporation of shRNA transgenes into rAAV constructs reduces vector yield and produces a population of truncated and defective genomes. We demonstrate that sequences with hairpins or hairpin-like structures drive the generation of truncated AAV genomes through a polymerase redirection mechanism during viral genome replication. Our findings reveal the importance of genomic secondary structure when optimizing viral vector designs. We also discovered that shDNAs could be adapted to act as surrogate mutant inverted terminal repeats (mTRs), sequences that were previously thought to be required for functional self-complementary AAV vectors. The use of shDNAs as artificial mTRs opens the door to engineering a new generation of AAV vectors with improved potency, genetic stability, and safety for both preclinical studies and human gene therapy.
Display omitted
Recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAVs) are valuable tools for in vivo gene transfer. Gao and colleagues discovered that sequences with hairpins or hairpin-like structures lead to rAAV genome truncations, and they demonstrate that short DNA hairpins can function as inverted terminal repeat sequences of viral origin to generate a new class of rAAVs.
A Survey of Localization in Wireless Sensor Network Cheng, Long; Wu, Chengdong; Zhang, Yunzhou ...
International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks,
01/2012, Volume:
8, Issue:
12
Book Review, Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Localization is one of the key techniques in wireless sensor network. The location estimation methods can be classified into target/source localization and node self-localization. In target ...localization, we mainly introduce the energy-based method. Then we investigate the node self-localization methods. Since the widespread adoption of the wireless sensor network, the localization methods are different in various applications. And there are several challenges in some special scenarios. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey of these challenges: localization in non-line-of-sight, node selection criteria for localization in energy-constrained network, scheduling the sensor node to optimize the tradeoff between localization performance and energy consumption, cooperative node localization, and localization algorithm in heterogeneous network. Finally, we introduce the evaluation criteria for localization in wireless sensor network.
Understanding the function of individual microRNA (miRNA) species in mice would require the production of hundreds of loss-of-function strains. To accelerate analysis of miRNA biology in mammals, we ...combined recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors with miRNA 'tough decoys' (TuDs) to inhibit specific miRNAs. Intravenous injection of rAAV9 expressing anti-miR-122 or anti-let-7 TuDs depleted the corresponding miRNA and increased its mRNA targets. rAAV producing anti-miR-122 TuD but not anti-let-7 TuD reduced serum cholesterol by >30% for 25 weeks in wild-type mice. High-throughput sequencing of liver miRNAs from the treated mice confirmed that the targeted miRNAs were depleted and revealed that TuDs induced miRNA tailing and trimming in vivo. rAAV-mediated miRNA inhibition thus provides a simple way to study miRNA function in adult mammals and a potential therapy for dyslipidemia and other diseases caused by miRNA deregulation.
Abstract While sanguinarine has gained recognition for antimicrobial and antineoplastic activities, its complex conjugated structure and low abundance in plants impede broad applications. Here, we ...demonstrate the complete biosynthesis of sanguinarine and halogenated derivatives using highly engineered yeast strains. To overcome sanguinarine cytotoxicity, we establish a splicing intein-mediated temperature-responsive gene expression system (SIMTeGES), a simple strategy that decouples cell growth from product synthesis without sacrificing protein activity. To debottleneck sanguinarine biosynthesis, we identify two reticuline oxidases and facilitated functional expression of flavoproteins and cytochrome P450 enzymes via protein molecular engineering. After comprehensive metabolic engineering, we report the production of sanguinarine at a titer of 448.64 mg L −1 . Additionally, our engineered strain enables the biosynthesis of fluorinated sanguinarine, showcasing the biotransformation of halogenated derivatives through more than 15 biocatalytic steps. This work serves as a blueprint for utilizing yeast as a scalable platform for biomanufacturing diverse benzylisoquinoline alkaloids and derivatives.
To develop a new high-yielding and polysaccharide-containing forage resource for livestock, the effects of different cutting methods and additives on
Saccharum arundinaceum
silage were evaluated. The ...wilted
S. arundinaceum
were chopped and knead-wired. The silages from each cutting method were treated with
Lactobacillus plantarum
(LP), cellulase (CE) and the combination of LP and CE (LP + CE) for 3, 7, 15, 30, and 60 days. Compared with the CK treatment, CE treatment exhibited better effects in the degradation of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), LP exhibited a better performance in preserving the content of dry matter (DM), and adding LP + CE significantly enhanced (
P
< 0.05) the contents of lactic acid (LA), crude protein (CP) and DM and significantly reduced (
P
< 0.05) the pH and NDF content during ensiling. In addition, both additives exerted a remarkable effect on the silage bacterial community (
P
< 0.05), with a dramatic increase in the
Lactobacillus
abundance and a decrease in the abundance of
Enterobacter
. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) became the most dominant bacteria that affected the fermentation quality of LP and LP + CE silages. Meanwhile, chopped silages showed better fermentation quality and nutrient preservation and a higher abundance of LAB. Our research indicated that the chopped
S. arundinaceum
ensiling with LP + CE could exert a positive effect on LA fermentation and preservation of nutrient substances by shifting the bacterial community. In conclusion,
S. arundinaceum
can serve as a new silage resource for feed utilization by the ensiling method of LP + CE-chopped.
To investigate the effects of different organic acid additives and their concentrations on the fermentation quality and bacterial community of paper mulberry silage, paper mulberry was left untreated ...(control) or was treated with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), propionic acid (PA) or citric acid (CA), the amount of each additive was 2 g.kg
−1
FM, 5 g.kg
−1
FM and g.kg
−1
FM. All groups were ensiled for 3, 7, 15, 30 and 60 days. Compared to the control, adding EDTA reduced protein breakdown, preserved more water-soluble carbohydrates of the silages (WSCs, 24.74 g.kg
−1
DM), and high concentrations of EDTA inhibited the activity of undesirable microorganisms. Adding PA increased the abundance of
Lactiplantibacillus
and decreased the abundance of
Enterococcus
, and it caused a rapid decrease in the pH of the silage at an early stage (from 6.50 to 5.31) while altering the microbiota, and low concentrations of PA resulted in high LA (66.22 g.kg
−1
DM) concentration and low PA (9.92 g.kg
−1
DM) concentration at 60 days of ensiling. Different concentrations of additives altered the microbial community of paper mulberry to different degrees. High concentrations of PA and CA can increase the abundance of
Lactiplantibacillus
. High concentrations of CA resulted in a rapid decrease in silage pH at an early stage and higher WSC concentration. These results suggest that EDTA, PA and CA can be used as additives to improve the quality of paper mulberry silage.
PDF
