Abstract Background This study investigated the use of urinary exosomal mRNA as a potential biomarker for the early detection of prostate cancer (PCa). Methods Next-generation sequencing was utilized ...to analyze exosomal RNA from 10 individuals with confirmed PCa and 10 individuals without cancer. Subsequent validation through qRT-PCR in a larger sample of 43 PCa patients and 92 healthy controls revealed distinct mRNA signatures associated with PCa. Results Notably, mRNAs for RAB5B , WWP1 , HIST2H2BF , ZFY , MARK2 , PASK , RBM10 , and NRSN2 showed promise as diagnostic markers, with AUC values between 0.799 and 0.906 and significance p values. Combining RAB5B and WWP1 in an exoRNA diagnostic model outperformed traditional PSA tests, achieving an AUC of 0.923, 81.4% sensitivity, and 89.1% specificity. Conclusions These findings highlight the potential of urinary exosomal mRNA profiling, particularly focusing on RAB5B and WWP1 , as a valuable strategy for improving the early detection of PCa.
The exosomal miRNA (exo-miRNA) derived from tumor cells contains rich biological information that can effectively aid in the early diagnosis of disease. However, the extremely low abundance imposes ...stringent requirements for accurate detection techniques. In this study, a novel, protease-free DNA amplification strategy, known as "Rolling Hoop Orbital Amplification" (RHOA), was initially developed based on the design concept of local reaction and inspired by the childhood game of rolling iron ring. Benefiting from the local space constructed by the DNA orbital, the circular DNA enzyme rolls directionally and interacts efficiently with the amplification element, making it nearly 3-fold more productive than conventional free-diffusion amplification. Similarly, the localized cascade nanozyme catalytic system formed by bridging DNA probes also exhibits outperformed than free ones. Therefore, a localized energized high-performance electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor was constructed by bridging cascading nanozymes on the electrode surface through DNA probes generated by RHOA, with an impressive limit of detection (LOD) of 1.5 aM for the detection of exosomal miRNA15a-5p and a stable linearity over a wide concentration range from 10.sup.- 2 to 10.sup.8 fM. Thus, this work is a focused attempt at the localized reaction, which is expected to provide a reliable method for accurately detecting of exo-miRNAs.
A substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) leaky-wave antenna (LWA) array with beam-formed radiation pattern is investigated in this paper. The array is composed of two LWA elements with different ...parameters of slots. For each LWA, the period of slots is selected first within the scope of only <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">n = -1 </tex-math></inline-formula> space harmonic radiation to ensure the beam radiate in the desired direction. Then, the length of the slots is tapered according to the binomial aperture distribution to get the wide beam. Finally, the width of the slots is adjusted to get the desired radiation field strength. By superposing two wide beams from two elements in a weighting way, a cosecant-squared-like beam-formed radiation pattern is realized, which is preferable for the application of uniform radio wave coverage in a long straight confined space. The array is fabricated and measured, and the measured results are consistent with the simulated results.
This study aimed to assess the association between neck circumference (NC) and functional outcome in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients.
We prospectively analyzed data from ICH patients who ...received treatment at our institution from January 2018 to November 2019. Patients were categorized into two groups according to 180-day modified Rankin scale (MRS) scores. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess whether NC was associated with poor outcome in ICH patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to determine the significance of NC in predicting the functional outcome of ICH patients.
A total of 312 patients were enrolled in our study. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that NC was an independent predictor of poor 180-day functional outcome odds ratio (OR) = 1.205, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.075-1.350,
= 0.001. ROC analysis revealed that NC could predict poor functional outcome at 6 months.
NC is an independent predictor of unfavorable functional outcome at 6 months in ICH patients.
To suppress the deep fading of radio waves caused by the tunnel waveguide effect, this paper presents an optimized scheme for the spatial and polarization diversities of tunnel antennas. Through the ...correlation coefficient analysis of path loss curves obtained by antennas placed at different positions, the two antenna positions that generate path loss curves with the lowest correlation coefficient are found, and these two antennas are defined as a diversity antenna pair. Using this scheme, the spatial diversity properties of the transmitting antenna and receiving antenna, as well as the spatial-polarization combined diversity property of the transmitting antenna, are obtained. Furthermore, the impact of antenna polarization on the spatial diversity property is investigated. The performance of the proposed scheme for spatial and polarization diversities is evaluated in terms of the intensity and uniformity of the path loss. The simulation results illustrate that the proposed diversity optimization scheme can suppress the influence of the waveguide effect and achieve more uniform and flatter radio wave coverage in a tunnel environment.
A substrate integrated magneto-electric (ME) dipole antenna array with an improved radiation efficiency is presented in the 28-GHz band. A novel full-corporate air-filled substrate integrated ...waveguide (SIW) feed network with low losses is designed and realized by utilizing the low-cost printed circuit board (PCB) facilities. Different from most previous millimeter-wave planar arrays consisting of 2 W 2 sub-arrays, an SIW fed sub-array with a larger size of 2 W 4 is investigated to simplify the configuration of the major portion of the array feed network, which is of importance to the successful realization of the air-filled SIW feed network. An 8 W 8 array prototype with a four-layered geometry is fabricated and measured to verify the design. The array has an impedance bandwidth of 25.9%, a gain up to 26 dBi and stable radiation patterns over the operating band. Benefitted from the absence of the significant dielectric loss in the feed network, a high antenna efficiency of 80% is also achieved. The proposed design provides an effective method to improve the achievable gain and efficiency characteristics of the substrateintegrated arrays with a large size that are attractive for millimeter-wave wireless applications.
Image Matching with Multi-order Features Li, Yujian; Zeng, Shaofeng; Yang, Yong
IEEE signal processing letters,
2015-Dec., 2015-12-00, Volume:
22, Issue:
12
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
We propose a novel image matching method that may incorporate first-, second- and third-order features. These features are defined by a feature point, an edge linking two feature points and a ...triangle connecting three feature points, respectively. Taking them as vertices, the matching method constructs a weighted bipartite graph for computing the maximum weight matching solution by the Kuhn-Munkres algorithm. In second- and third-order cases, we design a Hungarian decoder to get the final matching between feature points. Experimental results show that the method can achieve relatively good performances on video sequences, even similar or superior to some of the state-of-the-art.
The mechanisms underlying the online modulation of motor speech in Parkinson's disease (PD) have not been determined. Moreover, medical and rehabilitation interventions for PD-associated motor speech ...disorder (MSD) have a poor long-term prognosis.
To compare risk factors in PD patients with MSD to those without MSD (non-MSD) and determine predictive independent risk factors correlated with the MSD phenotype, we enrolled 314 PD patients, including 250 with and 64 without MSD. We compared demographic, characteristic data, as well as PD-associated evaluations between the MSD group and non-MSD group.
Univariate analysis showed that demographic characteristics, including occupation, educational level, monthly income and speaking background; clinical characteristics, including lesions in the frontal and temporal lobes, and concurrent dysphagia; and PD-associated evaluations, including the activity of daily living (ADL) score, non-motor symptoms scale (NMSS) domain 4 score (perceptual problem), and NMSS domain 5 score (attention/memory) were all significantly different between the MSD and non-MSD group (all P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that educational level, frontal lesions, and NMSS domain 5 score (attention/memory) were independent risk factors for PD-associated MSD (all P < 0.005).
We determined an association between MSD phenotype and cognitive impairment, reflected by low-level education and related clinical profiles. Moreover, attention and memory dysfunction may play key roles in the progression of MSD in PD patients. Further studies are required to detail the mechanism underlying abnormal speech motor modulation in PD patients. Early cognitive intervention may enhance rehabilitation management and motor speech function in patients with PD-associated MSD.
A one-time-reflection equivalent model of the full-corporate waveguide feed networks is investigated to propose a novel approach to bandwidth enhancement of millimeter-wave large-scale antenna ...arrays. Theoretical analysis reveals that the in-phase superposition phenomenon of multiple small reflections at specific frequencies caused by the topology of the feed network is also a significant factor to affect the achievable bandwidth of the large-scale arrays, apart from the bandwidth performance of the individual power dividers and radiators composing the array. In order to weaken the undesirable effects on bandwidths caused by the small reflections, a full-corporate waveguide feed network with an X-type topology is then presented. Air-filled waveguide X-junctions and waveguide-fed horn sub-arrays are designed to fulfill new three-dimensional (3D) printed V-band antenna arrays. Excellent performance, including an improved bandwidth of about 40%, a gain of up to 27.8 dBi, and stable unidirectional radiation patterns with cross polarization of less than −32 dB, are confirmed experimentally by an <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">8 \times 8 </tex-math></inline-formula> prototype. The theoretical model and the bandwidth enhancement scheme in this paper are valuable to realize the high-gain wideband antenna arrays for emerging millimeter-wave applications.
Although using image strip sum, an orthogonal Haar transform (OHT) pattern matching algorithm may have good performance, it requires three subtractions to calculate each Haar projection value on the ...sliding windows. By establishing a solid mathematical foundation for OHT, this paper based on the concept of image square sum, proposes a novel fast orthogonal Haar transform (FOHT) pattern matching algorithm, from which a Haar projection value can be obtained by only one subtraction. Thus, higher speed-ups can be achieved, while producing the same results with the full search pattern matching. A large number of experiments show that the speed-ups of FOHT are very competitive with OHT in most cases of matching one single pattern, and generally higher than OHT in all cases of matching multiple patterns, exceeding other high-level full search equivalent algorithms.
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