The fluorescent probe is constructed by incorporating an α, β-unsaturated pyridinium to a pyrene fluorophore. The chemodosimeter has shown a selective and sensitive response to sulfite anion over ...other various anions and biological thiol through a Michael addition of the sulfite to the alkene of the probe. Meanwhile, it can be easily observed that the color of the probe for sulfite changes from yellow to colorless by the naked eye, and from yellow to blue under UV lamp immediately after the sulfite is added.
The fluorescent probe is constructed by incorporating an α, β-unsaturated pyridinium to a pyrene fluorophore. The chemodosimeter has shown a selective and sensitive response to sulfite anion over other various anions and biological thiol through a Michael addition of the sulfite to the alkene of the probe. Display omitted
•The probe is combining an α, β-unsaturated pyridinium to a pyrene fluorophore.•A colorimetric and ratiometric fluorescent probe for SO32− with good sensitivity.•The probe is easy-to-make.•The sensor is suitable for detection of SO32− by simple visual inspection.
Influenza virus is an acute and highly contagious respiratory pathogen that causes great concern to public health and for which there is a need for extensive drug discovery. The small chemical ...compound ABMA and its analog DABMA, containing an adamantane or a dimethyl-adamantane group, respectively, have been demonstrated to inhibit multiple toxins (diphtheria toxin,
toxin B,
lethal toxin) and viruses (Ebola, rabies virus, HSV-2) by acting on the host's vesicle trafficking. Here, we showed that ABMA and DABMA have antiviral effects against both amantadine-sensitive influenza virus subtypes (H1N1 and H3N2), amantadine-resistant subtypes (H3N2), and influenza B virus with EC
values ranging from 2.83 to 7.36 µM (ABMA) and 1.82 to 6.73 µM (DABMA), respectively. ABMA and DABMA inhibited the replication of influenza virus genomic RNA and protein synthesis by interfering with the entry stage of the virus. Molecular docking evaluation together with activity against amantadine-resistant influenza virus strains suggested that ABMA and DABMA were not acting as M2 ion channel blockers. Subsequently, we found that early internalized H1N1 virions were retained in accumulated late endosome compartments after ABMA treatment. Additionally, ABMA disrupted the early stages of the H1N1 life cycle or viral RNA synthesis by interfering with autophagy. ABMA and DABMA protected mice from an intranasal H1N1 challenge with an improved survival rate of 67%. The present study suggests that ABMA and DABMA are potential antiviral leads for the development of a host-directed treatment against influenza virus infection.
Optical multiplexing for nanoscale object recognition is of great significance within the intricate domains of biology, medicine, anti‐counterfeiting, and microscopic imaging. Traditionally, the ...multiplexing dimensions of nanoscopy are limited to emission intensity, color, lifetime, and polarization. Here, a novel dimension, optical nonlinearity, is proposed for super‐resolved multiplexing microscopy. This optical nonlinearity is attributable to the energy transitions between multiple energy levels of the doped lanthanide ions in upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), resulting in unique optical fingerprints for UCNPs with different compositions. A vortex beam is applied to transport the optical nonlinearity onto the imaging point‐spread function (PSF), creating a robust super‐resolved multiplexing imaging strategy for differentiating UCNPs with distinctive optical nonlinearities. The composition information of the nanoparticles can be retrieved with variations of the corresponding PSF in the obtained image. Four channels multiplexing super‐resolved imaging with a single scanning, applying emission color and nonlinearity of two orthogonal imaging dimensions with a spatial resolution higher than 150 nm (1/6.5λ), are demonstrated. This work provides a new and orthogonal dimension – optical nonlinearity – to existing multiplexing dimensions, which shows great potential in bioimaging, anti‐counterfeiting, microarray assays, deep tissue multiplexing detection, and high‐density data storage.
Multiplexing is of great significance in biology, medicine, and microscopic imaging. Here, a new approach is introduced using the optical nonlinearity of lanthanide‐doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) for super‐resolved multiplexing microscopy. By applying a vortex beam, imaging resolution is enhanced and UCNPs are differentiated based on their distinctive nonlinearities. This enables a complementary dimension to spectral, temporal, and polarized dimensions for nanoscale multiplexing.
Super‐Resolved Multiplexing Microscopy
The optical nonlinearity of lanthanide‐doped nanoparticles can be transported by a vortex excitation beam onto the imaging point spread function for ...differentiating single nanoparticles. In article number 2308844, Chaohao Chen, Faliang Cheng, Lan Fu, Xiaoxue Xu, Fan Wang, and co‐workers propose a novel and efficient dimension, optical nonlinearity, for super‐resolved multiplexing microscopy and demonstrate its orthogonal capacity to emission color in a four‐channel multiplexed imaging.
The tung tree (Vernicia fordii Hemsl.), as a woody oilseed crop, has been cultivated in China for thousands of years, and its leaves are rich in cellulose and proteins. The tung leaf is an ...alternative raw material for the traditional ethanol fermentation of food crops. In this work, the effects of the simultaneous saccharification fermentation of tung leaves at different substrate concentrations on gas production characteristics, reducing sugars, pH, oxidation–reduction potential (ORP), and ethanol yield were investigated during bioethanol production. In addition, the effect of the initial fermentation pH on the ethanol fermentation of tung leaves was explored. The results showed that during bioethanol production from tung leaves, the pH of the fermentation broth showed a continuous decreasing trend. Moreover, the ORP showed a decreasing trend and then rebounded, and the concentration of reducing sugars initially increased and then decreased. The optimal ethanol yield of 4.99 g/L was obtained when the substrate concentration was 100 g/L. Changes in the initial pH have little effect on yeast activity, but such changes can affect the yeast cell wall structure and substance transport, leading to differences in the ethanol yield. When the initial pH is 7, the maximum ethanol yield is 5.22 g/L. The experimental results indicate that the utilization of tung leaves for bioethanol production has a good potential for development.
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