We report the discovery of bulk superconductivity (SC) at 6.1 K in a quasi-one-dimensional chromium pnictide K2Cr3As3 that contains (Cr3As3)2−∞ double-walled subnanotubes with face-sharing Cr6/2 ...(As6/2 ) octahedron linear chains in the inner (outer) wall. The material has a large electronic specific-heat coefficient of 70–75mJK−2mol−1 , indicating significantly strong electron correlations. A linear temperature dependence of resistivity in a broad temperature range from 7 to 300 K is observed, which suggests non-Fermi liquid behavior of the material. Unconventional SC is preliminarily manifested by the estimated upper critical field exceeding the Pauli limit by a factor of 3–4. The title compound represents a rare example that possibly unconventional SC emerges in a quasi-1D system with strong electron correlations.
Key message
GhDRP1 acts as a negatively regulator to participate in response to drought stress possibly by modulating ABA signaling pathway and flavonoid biosynthesis pathway which affects stomata ...movement and thus water loss, ROS scavenging enzymes, and proline accumulation in cotton.
Type-2C protein phosphatases (PP2C) may play important roles in plant stress signal transduction. Here, we show the evidence that a cotton PP2C protein GhDRP1 participates in plant response to drought stress.
GhDRP1
gene encodes an active type-2C protein phosphatase (PP2C) and its expression is significantly induced in cotton by drought stress. Compared with wild type, the
GhDRP1
overexpression (OE) transgenic cotton and Arabidopsis displayed reduced drought tolerance, whereas
GhDRP1
-silenced (RNAi) cotton showed enhanced drought tolerance. Under drought stress, malondialdehyde content was lower, whereas superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities, proline content, stomata closure and relative water content were higher in
GhDRP1
RNAi plants compared with those in wild type. In contrast,
GhDRP1
OE plants showed the opposite phenotype under the same conditions. Expression levels of some stress-related and flavonoid biosynthesis-related genes were altered in
GhDRP1
transgenic plants under drought stress. Additionally, GhDRP1 protein could interact with other proteins such as PYLs, SNF1-related protein kinase and GLK1-like protein. Collectively, these data suggest that GhDRP1 participates in plant response to drought stress possibly by modulating ABA signaling pathway and flavonoid biosynthesis pathway which affects stomata movement and thus water loss, ROS scavenging enzymes, and proline accumulation in cotton.
•Long photoperiod failed to affect AS-stimulated fear response in zebrafish.•Short photoperiod alleviated AS-stimulated fear response in zebrafish.•Short photoperiod alleviated fear response through ...MT/5-HT/DA pathways and HPI axis.
Photoperiod has been well-documented to be involved in regulating many activities of animals. However, whether photoperiod takes part in mood control, such as fear response in fish and the underlying mode(s) of action remain unclear. In this study, adult zebrafish males and females (Danio rerio) were exposed to different photoperiods, Blank (12 h light: 12 h dark), Control (12 h light: 12 h dark), Short daylight (SD, 6 h light: 18 h dark) and Long daylight (LD, 18 h light: 6 h dark) for 28 days. After exposure, fear response of the fish was investigated using a novel tank diving test. After alarm substance administration, the onset to higher half, total duration in lower half and duration of freezing in SD-fish were significantly decreased, suggesting that short daylight photoperiod is capable of alleviating fear response in zebrafish. In contrast, comparing with the Control, LD didn’t show significant effect on fear response of the fish. Further investigation revealed that SD increased the levels of melatonin (MT), serotonin (5-HT) and dopamine (DA) in the brain while decreased the plasma level of cortisol comparing to the Control. Moreover, the expressions of genes in MT, 5-HT and DA pathways and HPI axis were also altered consistently. Our data indicated that short daylight photoperiod might alleviate fear response of zebrafish probably through interfering with MT/5-HT/DA pathways and HPI axis.
Following the reactivity inversion strategy, two different two-step sequences were designed and successfully applied to the asymmetric synthesis of spiro-bridged and spiro-fused heterocyclic ...compounds, which combined chromane, indole, and oxindole, three potential pharmacophores, in one molecule. The power of these two organocatalytic pathways is underscored by mild reaction conditions and high efficiency in the production of synthetically challenging, but biologically important heterocyclic products, which could be transformed into more biologically interesting heterocyclic structures.
To study the characteristics of bacterial community structure in high-yield and low-yield moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) forests, we collected bamboo rhizome, rhizome root, stem, leaf, ...rhizosphere soil, and non-rhizosphere soil from high- and low-yield forests in Yong'an City and Jiangle County of Fujian Province, China. The genomic DNA of the samples was extracted, sequenced and analyzed. The results show that: the common differences between the high-yield and low-yield P. edulis forest samples in the two regions were mainly in bacterial community compositions in the bamboo rhizome, rhizome root, and soil samples. Differences in the bacterial community compositions in the stem and leaf samples were insignificant. The bacterial species and diversity in rhizome root and rhizosphere soil of high-yield P. edulis forests were less than those of low-yield forests. The relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria in rhizome root samples of high-yield forests was higher than that in low-yield forests. The relative abundance of Rhizobiales and Burkholderiales in bamboo rhizome samples in high-yield forests was higher than that in low-yield forests. The relative abundance of Bradyrhizobium in bamboo rhizome samples in high-yield forests was higher than that in low-yield forests in the two regions. The change of bacterial community composition in P. edulis stems and leaves showed little correlation with high- or low-yields of P. edulis forests. Notably, the bacterial community composition of the rhizome root system was correlated with the high yield of bamboo. This study provides a theoretical basis for using of microbes to enhance the yields of P. edulis forests.
Environmental pollution is one of the most serious problems facing mankind today, and has attracted widespread attention worldwide. The burgeoning class of crystalline porous organic framework ...materials, metal–organic frameworks and covalent organic frameworks present promising application potential in areas related to pollution control due to their interesting surface properties. In this review, the literature of the past five years on the adsorptive removal of various hazardous materials, mainly including heavy metal ions, harmful gases, organic dyes, pharmaceutical and personal care products, and radionuclides from the environment by using COFs and MOFs, is summarized. The adsorption mechanisms are also discussed to help understand their adsorption performance and selectivity. Additionally, some insightful suggestions are given to enhance the performance of MOFs and COFs in the adsorptive removal of various hazardous materials.
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The role of α1 adrenergic receptors (α1‐ARs) signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has rarely been investigated. Clarifying the pathophysiological functions of α1‐ARs in ...the AD brain is helpful for better understanding the pathogenesis and screening novel therapeutic targets of AD. This study included 2 arms of in vivo investigations: 1) 6‐month‐old female APPswe/PS1 mice were intravenously treated with AAV‐PHP.eB‐shRNA (α1‐ARs)‐GFP or AAV‐PHP.eB‐GFP for 3 months. 2) 3‐month‐old female APPswe/PS1 mice were daily treated with 0.5 mg/kg terazosin or an equal volume of saline for 6 months. SH‐SY5Y cell lines bearing human amyloid precursor protein were treated with terazosin or saline for investigating possible mechanisms. α1‐ARs knockdown mice exhibited improved behavioral performances in comparison with control mice. α1‐ARs knockdown mice had significantly lower brain amyloid burden, as reflected by soluble Aβ species, compact and total Aβ plaques, than control mice. α1‐ARs inhibitor terazosin substantially reduced Aβ deposition, attenuated downstream pathologies including tau hyperphosphorylation, glial activation, neuronal loss, synaptic dysfunction et al., and rescued behavioral deficits in APPswe/PS1 mice. In vitro investigation demonstrated that α1‐ARs inhibition down‐regulated BACE1 expression, and promoted ser9 phosphorylation of GSK‐3β, thus reducing Aβ production. This study indicates that inhibition of α1‐ARs signaling pathway might represent a promising therapeutic strategy for AD.
Inhibition of the α1 adrenergic receptors (α1‐ARs) signaling pathway ameliorates behavioral deficits and Alzheimer's disease (AD)‐type pathologies, including deposition of amyloid‐beta (Aβ), tau hyperphosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration. The protection of α1‐ARs inhibition against AD might be associated with its effects on BACE1 inhibition and ser9 phosphorylation of GSK‐3β. This study indicates that inhibition of α1‐ARs signaling pathway might represent a promising therapeutic strategy for AD.
Anxiety disorders associated with pain are a common health problem. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. We aimed to investigate the role of paraventricular nucleus ...(PVN)-central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) oxytocinergic projections in anxiety-like behaviors induced by inflammatory pain.
After inflammatory pain induction by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA), mice underwent elevated plus maze, light-dark transition test, and marble burying test to examine the anxiety-like behaviors. Chemogenetic, optogenetic, and fiber photometry recordings were used to modulate and record the activity of the oxytocinergic projections of the PVN-CeA.
The key results are as follows: inflammatory pain-induced anxiety-like behaviors in mice accompanied by decreased activity of PVN oxytocin neurons. Chemogenetic activation of PVN oxytocin neurons prevented pain-related anxiety-like behaviors, whereas inhibition of PVN oxytocin neurons induced anxiety-like behaviors in naïve mice. PVN oxytocin neurons projected directly to the CeA, and microinjection of oxytocin into the CeA blocked anxiety-like behaviors. Inflammatory pain also decreased the activity of CeA neurons, and optogenetic activation of PVN
-CeA circuit prevented anxiety-like behavior in response to inflammatory pain.
The results of our study suggest that oxytocin has anti-anxiety effects and provide novel insights into the role of PVN
-CeA projections in the regulation of anxiety-like behaviors induced by inflammatory pain.
In this paper, a miniaturized ultra‐wideband filter with ultra‐wide stopband and high selectivity using a capacitive loading stub in a multimode structure is proposed. The second, third, and fourth ...harmonics of the proposed filter are all suppressed on account of using a capacitive loading stub, which makes it have the characteristic of an ultra‐wide stopband. In addition, there are two transmission zeros located at the upper stopband close to the passband, which improves the selectivity of the proposed filter. The proposed filter is fabricated and measured, and the result shows the filter with the center frequency f0 1.185 GHz has 151% 3‐dB fractional bandwidth. Its upper stopband is extended to 9.18 GHz (7.75 f0) and the 20‐dB roll off rate is 212.5 dB/GHz. What's more, the size of the proposed filter is 0.175 λg × 0.18 λg, where λg is the guided wavelength at the center frequency f0.
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