Rats were kept for one and six hours in a thermal chamber at a temperature of -4 degrees C under conditions of free choice between 5% ethanol and water. Study of the morphological picture of the ...supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus and neurohypophysis of rats that preferred alcohol or rejected it has shown an inverse relationship between marked initial preference of alcohol and resistance of the hypothalamohypophyseal neurosecretory system of the animals to hypothermal exposure that exhausts the neurosecretory function.
Ethanol, used for 2 months in a 5% solution, disorganized the circadian cycle of the hystophysiologic activity of the rat epiphysis. During prolonged (course) administration in the doses close to ...those used at the clinic lithium chloride normalized the mentioned changes and also prevented their development in case of joint two-months use of ethanol and lithium salt. This effect of the drug correlates with the inhibition or prevention of the ethanol preference development observed under these perimental conditions. A possible interrelationship between the discovered capacity of lithium salt to normalize the chronobiological derangements of the epiphysis and clinical efficacy of these salts in alcoholism and other affective periodical disorders is discussed.
Magnetic properties of amorphous ferromagnetic wires serving as a magnetic flux guide for the high-T sub(c) SQUID microscope are investigated. A mathematical model of a flux guide operation was ...developed on the base of integral equation methods. It is shown that when the flux guide is used in combination with the SQUID the integral of magnetic potential along the flux guide is the main measured value. Experimental results received with the use of the scanning high-T sub(c) SQUID microscope for liquid-nitrogen cooled samples are in good agreement with the proposed model. copyright 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
It was found that lithium oxybutyrate suppresses voluntary consumption of 5% ethanol solution in rats with preliminarily formed alcohol motivation, slows down the formation of alcohol addiction under ...conditions of forced consumption of 5% ethanol solution and exerts a positive effect on general state of the animals subjected to a long-term action of ethanol by improving the conditioned reflex activity of the central nervous system and stimulating defensive-adaptational mechanisms of the organism.
The magnetic properties of amorphous ferromagnetic 30-50- mu m diameter microwires produced by means of spinning process are studied both experimentally and theoretically. The magnetic images of the ...microwire are measured at 77 K with the high-spatial resolution scanning SQUID microscope in an axial magnetic field up to 10 exp 3 A/m. The values of the local magnetic fields produced by the microwire in remnant state are typically a few mu T at a distance 50-100 mu m far from the sample. It is shown that the wire's domain structure calculated numerically is in a qualitative agreement with the magnetic images obtained experimentally. (Example material: amorphous CoFeCrSiB.)
Development and estimation of nanosomal rifampicin Oganesian, E A; Bud'ko, A P; Stukalov, Iu V ...
Antibiotiki i khimioterapiia = Antibiotics and chemoterapy sic,
2005, Volume:
50, Issue:
8-9
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
A lab-scale method for preparation of rifampicin-loaded polybutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles (nanosames) was developed. The biodistribution of the nanosome-entrapped rifampicin after its intravenous ...administration was studied on healthy mice. The nanoparticles provided significant liver and spleen accumulation of rifampicin. Modification of the nanoparticles surface with poloxamer 407 or poloxamine 908 led to optimization of the biodistribution: the concentrations of rifampicin in the lungs and plasma increased, whereas the liver accumulation decreased vs. the unmodified nanoparticles. The increased lung accumulation of rifampicin enhanced bacterial clearance in the lungs of the mice infected with M. tuberculosis. The results showed that the use of the nanoparticles for optimization of the drug biodistribution was effective for increasing the efficacy of antiinfective chemotherapy.
Administration of ethanol (5 g/kg/day, per os) to the pregnant rats evoked delayed impairments of the learning and memory in the offspring. Prenatal alcoholization of the animals attenuated the ...habituation of the exploration behavior in open field, impaired acquisition and retention of active avoidance in a shuttle box, increased slow activity of the EEG spectrum power, disturbed the function of the serotoninergic system in the brain cortex and of the dopaminergic system in the hippocamp. The new nootropic drug nooglutyl (N-5/hydroxynicotinoyl/-L-glutamic acid) administered in a dose of 25 mg/kg/day from the 8th to the 20th day of life prevented the above-mentioned delayed disturbances of higher integrative functions and biochemical processes in rat brain.
