This article provides a comprehensive overview of the way the Holocaust is taught in pre-university education in Albania, Kosovo, and North Macedonia. It analyses the context in which references to ...the Holocaust occur in curricula and examines different approaches adopted by teachers based on data collected in a survey. The research reveals that most teachers concentrate on perpetrator narratives, give priority to moral lessons derived from the Holocaust at the expense of a historical narrative, and find it difficult to effectively manage the limited time available for history lessons. However, some progress has been made regarding teachers' perceptions of and approaches to teaching about the Holocaust in line with guidelines published by the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance's Education Working Group.
This article examines the extent to and the ways in which the Holocaust is presented in Albanian secondary school history textbooks. It offers a quantitative analysis of the space devoted to the ...Holocaust in proportion to the textbooks' overall content and a qualitative content analysis based on the narrative patterns outlined in the UNESCO report The International Status of Education about the Holocaust: A Global Mapping of Textbooks and Curricula. It demonstrates that Albanian textbooks offer scant coverage of the Holocaust, but that some changes regarding the conceptualization, contextualization, and narrative of the Holocaust have been implemented since the curricular reform of 2004.
The article aims to analyse the policy of the Albanian quisling governments on 200 Albanian-Jewish residents and 2000 Jewish immigrants from Germany, Austria, Hungary, Poland, Bulgaria, ex-Yugoslavia ...during WWII. The study focuses on the treatment of Jews by the puppet governments under the Italian occupation of Albania (1939– 1943) ; secondly, the policies enacted by the Albanian central and local authorities to protect Jewish lives under the German occupation and, thirdly, the reasons that explain the positive stance of Albanians towards Jews, as : hospitality, Besa (the sworn oath), religious tolerance, lack of anti-Semitism etc. Based on classical hermeneutics, archival research and bibliographical analysis, this article intends to analyse the policy of the Albanian quisling governments under the pressure of the German authorities and the reasons why they rejected the Nazi request to hand over the Jews, giving an important contribution to the rescue of the Jewish people from the racial persecution.
Luku Esilda. Why Did Albanians and their Collaborationist Governments Rescue Jews during the Holocaust?. In: Hiperboreea. Journal of History, vol. 6, N°2, 2019. pp. 33-49.
Constitutional education holds significant value in shaping conscientious and engaged citizens within a democratic society. Thus, the paper aims to analyze the narrative viewpoint and structure in ...educational media regarding knowledge about legislation and its role in regulating interpersonal and interinstitutional relationships. From a methodological perspective, it relies on desk analysis to examine the approach to constitutional education in Civics curriculum, and Civics textbooks for the tenth grade in current use in upper-secondary education. Additionally, the paper uses a survey to gather information about the student’s knowledge in the field. The findings reveal the prevalence of an authorial perspective, a limited presence of multiperspectivity, a detachment of knowledge from concrete situations, the predominance of cognitive dimension in the didactic apparatus and others. Received:12 October 2023 / Accepted: 17 December 2023 / Published: 23 December 2023
This paper aims to analyze the economic and political relations between Albania and Yugoslavia after the Second World War and their presentation on primary and secondary school history textbooks, by ...offering comparative approach of the way Albanian-Yugoslav relations are treated by different schools of historiography. On July 9, 1946 the Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance was signed between the Albanian Prime Minister, Enver Hoxha and the Foreign Minister of Yugoslavia, Stanoje Simic. According to it, the two countries would take the necessary measures to ensure their independence and territorial integrity in case of aggression. They engaged to collaborate for the protection of international peace and security in conformity with the principles of the United Nations and confirmed their friendship by furthering the economic and cultural cooperation. The textbooks authors described the bilateral relationship as a result of the political intentions of Beograd to turn Albania into the seventh republic of Yugoslavia. It was perceived as “the other” in regard to Yugoslav efforts to exploit the weakness of the Albanian state and the risk of domination by a foreign power, claiming to represent it diplomatically. The inclusion of Albania in the Yugoslav Federation was argued in favor of solving the difficult problem of ethnic Albanians in the Yugoslavian state. Tito insisted on the impossibility to recognize the rights of Kosovo to self-determination because of the strengthening of Serb reaction. Due to the Yugoslav pressure, the Albanian leadership under the direction of Enver Hoxha was declared against the unification of Kosovo and Albania. History schoolbooks of both socialist and post-socialist period described the deterioration of the bilateral relations when the Albanian delegation headed by Enver Hoxha and the Soviet government ended an agreement in Moscow for the development of agriculture and industry and Albania received a Soviet loan. The Yugoslav leadership accused the Central Committee of the Albanian Communist Party of the anti-Yugoslav position, putting under pressure the government of Tirana. But it was the information about the Soviet Union Central Committee’s letters, criticizing the Yugoslav leadership for its domestic and foreign policy in deviation from the Marxist principles that helped the Albanian government deal with the pressure of Yugoslav authorities. It adopted unanimously the resolution of the Information Bureau of the Communist Parties, which broke off the Yugoslav-Albanian diplomatic relations in 1948 and shifted to the pro-Soviet orientation of the Albanian government.
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