Conjugated polymers (CPs) have been developed quickly as an emerging functional material with applications in optical and electronic devices, owing to their highly electron‐delocalized backbones and ...versatile side groups for facile processibility, high mechanical strength, and environmental stability. CPs exhibit multistimuli responsive behavior and fluorescence quenching properties by incorporating azobenzene functionality into their molecular structures. Over the past few decades, significant progress has been made in developing functional azobenzene‐based conjugated polymers (azo‐CPs), utilizing diverse molecular design strategies and synthetic pathways. This article comprehensively reviews the rapidly evolving research field of azo‐CPs, focusing on the structural characteristics and synthesis methods of general azo‐CPs, as well as the applications of charged azo‐CPs, specifically azobenzene‐based conjugated polyelectrolytes (azo‐CPEs). Based on their molecular structures, azo‐CPs can be broadly categorized into three primary types: linear CPs with azobenzene incorporated into the side chain, linear CPs with azobenzene integrated into the main chain, and branched CPs containing azobenzene moieties. These systems are promising for biomedical applications in biosensing, bioimaging, targeted protein degradation, and cellular apoptosis.
Azobenzene, a versatile functional group, is commonly used as a stimuli‐responsive probe due to its trans–cis isomerization capabilities, electron‐withdrawing properties, ease of synthesis, and derivatization. Azobenzene‐based conjugated polymers and conjugated polyelectrolytes have attracted considerable attention as their optical and electronic properties for their multistimuli responsive behavior and fluorescence quenching properties.
In ICT-enabled teams, innovation involves intensive adoption of ICTs and knowledge sharing among all members rather than a few experts. However, ICTs bring not only efficiency but also technostress, ...which hinders knowledge sharing and innovative practices among team members. To investigate this paradox, we drew on the job demand-control (JDC) model derived from the control theory of occupational stress to construct a theoretical framework regarding the collective influence of technostress, learning goal orientation, perceived team learning climate, and intra-team knowledge sharing on the innovative practices of ICT-enabled team members. Our multiple regression analyses of 481 ICT consultants’ responses show that intra-team knowledge sharing positively influenced innovative practices; perceived team learning climate positively moderated this relationship. Further, technostress negatively influenced intra-team knowledge sharing; learning goal orientation positively influenced intra-team knowledge sharing, although the relationship demonstrated an inverted U-shape. Finally, learning goal orientation negatively moderated the relationship between technostress and intra-team knowledge sharing. Our results shed light on the paradox regarding ICT adoption, with theoretical implications for employee-driven innovation, team learning climate, intra-team knowledge sharing, learning goal orientation, and managerial practices about the design and adoption of ICT-enabled jobs.
Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) micropillar arrays are widely used in research labs and engineering fields as analytical tools for various purposes. When the micropillar length or density surpasses a ...critical value, micropillars tend to collapse with each other and become unusable. Restoring collapsed PDMS micropillars typically involves the use of low surface tension solvents and ultrasound sonication, but such approach has received little success to date. In this work, we examined the effectiveness of different types of solvents for restoring collapsed PDMS micropillar arrays and show that the swelling ratio of PDMS in selected solvents constitutes an important factor in the effectiveness of restoring collapsed PDMS micropillars. Our results could be a promoter in recycling PDMS micropillar arrays and achieving economic and social benefits.
Solvent-induced polymer swelling effect promoted PDMS micropillar arrays recovery through the formation of liquid bridge.
In existing image recognition algorithms, the position and sequence of image pixels are key factors that affect the accuracy of image recognition. Therefore, the topological invariance of complex ...networks has led to the recognition that applying complex networks to image recognition analysis will significantly reduce the impact of images on classification recognition accuracy when rotation, translation, and scaling occur. However, most studies on image classification by complex networks have focused on a single network, lacking dynamic evolution with the networks among them. In this paper, we propose a new complex network classification method that combines complex networks and convolutional neural networks(CNN) to train classification using deep learning. We show that the method has high classification accuracy and distinct network features and compares well with a single complex network approach. In addition, to make the distribution of the degree histogram of the image more uniform and concentrated, the original formula for calculating the power value was optimized to reduce the influence of the radius parameter on the power value.
ObjectivePatients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) are susceptible to venous thromboembolism (VTE) including pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) due to a variety ...of risk factors. There are few studies regarding the predictive value of D-dimer for VTE in patients with sICH, and the anticoagulation therapy for these patients are still controversial. The objective of this study is to study the independent predictors of VTE in sICH patients. The rates of anticoagulation therapy and hemorrhagic evens were also investigated.MethodsRetrospective review of patients with sICH admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from 2012 to 2022 and who developed VTE (PE and/or DVT) during hospitalization. A similar number of sICH patients without VTE were randomly selected into the control group. A variety of clinical characteristics were compared between groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of VTE in patients with sICH.ResultsA total of 270 sICH patients were enrolled in this study, including 132 patients with VTE and 138 patients without VTE. After adjusting for other confounders, the maximum level of D-dimer during hospitalization (odds ratio OR 1.061, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.014–1.110), Glasgow coma scale (GCS) on admission (OR 1.347, 95 % CI 1.110–1.634), modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at discharge (OR 2.578, 95 % CI 1.546–4.298), neutrophil count (OR 1.056, 95 % CI 1.025–1.088) and hospitalization time (OR 1.089, 95 % CI 1.018–1.164) were independently associated with the sICH patients who developed VTE. The maximum D-dimer plasma level of 5.655 mg/L during hospitalization was the optimal threshold to indicate sICH patients developing VTE with a sensitivity of 83.3 % and a specificity of 67.4 %. No patients with sICH received prophylactic anticoagulation therapy against VTE in the present study. A total of 57.6 % (76/132) of the sICH patients with VTE were administered anticoagulant therapy and the rate of hemorrhagic complication was 9.2 %.ConclusionssICH patients with increased levels of D-dimer, higher GCS scores, higher mRS scores, increased neutrophil counts and longer hospitalization time are more likely to develop VTE complications. Routine and serial monitoring of the D-dimer values may be useful in patients with sICH, and VTE should be considered when the plasma level of D-dimer increases to 5.655 mg/L during hospitalization. In tertiary hospitals in China, the rate of sICH patients with VTE receiving anticoagulation treatment is low. Further studies are necessary to explore the safety and efficacy of VTE therapeutic anticoagulation in patients with sICH.
Purpose
This study aims to examine newcomers experiencing maladjustment due to cognitive diversity, specifically, how maladjustment affects their turnover intentions; the mediating role of reported ...workplace bullying; and the buffering effect of perceived inclusive practices in the hospitality sector.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors collected time-lagged data from 403 respondents and analyzed the data through hierarchical regression analyses using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) 25.0.
Findings
Role ambiguity, low self-efficacy and social exclusion could each lead to newcomers’ reported workplace bullying (NRB). Perceived inclusive practices buffered the impacts of role ambiguity and social exclusion. NRB negatively mediated the relationships between role ambiguity and NRB; and social exclusion and NRB.
Practical implications
Hospitality practitioners should specify work procedures to minimize role ambiguities and record service processes to correct mistakes, reward veterans who help newcomers improve self-efficacy, invite newcomers to develop inclusive practices and review employee comments on third-party platforms to understand factors responsible for turnover intention.
Originality/value
This study contextualized cognitive diversity into newcomers’ maladjustment-bullying-turnover model in China’s hospitality industry. It highlighted the buffering effect of perceived inclusive practices in the relationships between maladjustment and reported bullying and turnover intentions among newcomers and confirmed the important role of self-efficacy in addressing adverse work events.
The increasingly serious service condition in aerospace industry has posed a higher requirement to the ablation resistance of hypersonic vehicle structural carbon fabric-reinforced phenolic ...composites. To further enhance the ablation resistance of the composite, different contents of TaSi
2
-modified carbon fabric-reinforced phenolic composites were successfully prepared. The ablation behavior and mechanism of these composite were investigated. Results showed that the ablation resistance of the modified composite was significantly improved due to the addition of the TaSi
2
. When the mass fraction of TaSi
2
on the matrix resin was 50 wt%, the mass and liner ablation rate of the modified composites were 30% and 12% lower than those of the unmodified composites, respectively. The formed double-layer structural residue acted as an insulating layer and effectively obstructed the flame flow and oxygen to the inner material. Moreover, the occurrence of the endothermic reactions and the evaporation of the reaction gases further dissipated the heat energy. The multi-effect synergy mechanism effectively reduced the thermal oxidative ablation degree of the modified composites. All these results confirmed that the TaSi
2
-modified composite exhibits excellent oxidative ablation resistance, which provided a basis for the application of composite to more serious service environments.
During flight, many silicates (sand, dust, debris, fly ash, etc.) are ingested by an engine. They melt at high operating temperatures on the surface of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) to form ...calcium-magnesium-aluminum-silicate (CMAS) amorphous settling. CMAS corrodes TBCs and causes many problems, such as composition segregation, degradation, cracking, and disbanding. As a new generation of TBC candidate materials, rare-earth zirconates (such as Sm
2
Zr
2
O
7
) have good CMAS resistance properties. The reaction products of Sm
2
Zr
2
O
7
and CMAS and their subsequent changes were studied by the reaction of Sm
2
Zr
2
O
7
and excess CMAS at 1350 °C. After 1 h of reaction, Sm
2
Zr
2
O
7
powders were not completely corroded. The reaction products were Sm-apatite and c-ZrO
2
solid solution. After 4 h of reaction, all Sm
2
Zr
2
O
7
powders were completely corroded. After 24 h of reaction, Sm-apatite disappeared, and the c-ZrO
2
solid solution remained.
•Air quality is tightly associated with COVID-19 transmission.•PM2.5 and NO2 strongly promote COVID-19 transmission.•Temperature is inversely associated with COVID-19 transmission.
Although COVID-19 ...is known to be caused by human-to-human transmission, it remains largely unclear whether ambient air pollutants and meteorological parameters could promote its transmission.
A retrospective study was conducted to study whether air quality index (AQI), four ambient air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and CO) and five meteorological variables (daily temperature, highest temperature, lowest temperature, temperature difference and sunshine duration) could increase COVID-19 incidence in Wuhan and XiaoGan between Jan 26th to Feb 29th in 2020.
First, a significant correlation was found between COVID-19 incidence and AQI in both Wuhan (R2=0.13, p<0.05) and XiaoGan (R2=0.223, p<0.01). Specifically, among four pollutants, COVID-19 incidence was prominently correlated with PM2.5 and NO2 in both cities. In Wuhan, the tightest correlation was observed between NO2 and COVID-19 incidence (R2=0.329, p<0.01). In XiaoGan, in addition to the PM2.5 (R2=0.117, p<0.01) and NO2 (R2=0.015, p<0.05), a notable correlation was also observed between the PM10 and COVID-19 incidence (R2=0.105, p<0.05). Moreover, temperature is the only meteorological parameter that constantly correlated well with COVID-19 incidence in both Wuhan and XiaoGan, but in an inverse correlation (p<0.05).
AQI, PM2.5, NO2, and temperature are four variables that could promote the sustained transmission of COVID-19.
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