على الرغم من أن تسمم الأطفال يمكن تجنبه ، إلا أنه لا يزال سببًا رئيسيًا للمراضة والوفيات في كل من البلدان النامية والمتقدمة. الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو تقييم نمط ونتائج تسمم الأطفال الحاد في الجوف ، ...المملكة العربية السعودية.
أجريت دراسة وصفية بأثر رجعي في كل من مستشفيات الأمير متعب بن عبد العزيز ، ومستشفيات الولادة والأطفال في الجوف بالمملكة العربية السعودية. تم تضمين جميع حالات التسمم الحاد لدى الأطفال الذين تقل أعمارهم عن 18 عامًا من 1 يناير 2015 إلى 31 ديسمبر 2021 في الدراسة. تضمن تحليل البيانات الخصائص الديموغرافية ، سنة وشهر التسمم ، مكان ، وقت ، شكل وطريق التعرض للعامل السام ، طريقة التسمم ، العامل / العوامل السامة المعنية ، حالة الطفل المتسمم عند وصوله إلى المستشفى ، العرض السريري ، تلقي العلاج وتاريخ القبول والمصير.
بلغ العدد الإجمالي للحالات المبلغ عنها 540 حالة. وكانت معظم حالات التسمم الحاد لدى الأطفال في الفئة العمرية 1 - أقل من 6 سنوات (79٪). كان أعلى معدل لتسمم الأطفال الحاد المبلغ عنه في عام 2017 (23.9٪). كانت العقاقير الدوائية مسؤولة عن معظم الحالات المبلغ عنها (41٪). كانت معظم الحالات بدون أعراض (84٪) وقت الدخول. فيما يتعلق بحالات الأعراض ، كانت المظاهر السريرية للجهاز الهضمي هي أكثر الأعراض التي تم الإبلاغ عنها. تم قبول أربعين في المائة من الحالات المدروسة بالقسم الداخلي. ومن المثير للاهتمام ، أن 29.4٪ تم تسريحهم ضد الاستشارة الطبية. أظهر حوالي 43 ٪ من الحالات المبلغ عنها الشفاء التام. أظهر نموذج الانحدار اللوجستي للتنبؤ بالطريقة العرضية للتسمم أن العمر والإقامة فقط لهما علاقة ذات دلالة إحصائية.
يعتبر تسمم الأطفال الحاد مشكلة حقيقية في الجوف بالمملكة العربية السعودية. يجب إثارة المخاوف لتعزيز وعي مقدمي الرعاية بالعوامل السامة الخطرة وعوامل الخطر لتسمم الأطفال وتنفيذ استراتيجيات وقائية فعالة لتقليل حدوث تسمم الأطفال.
Although childhood intoxication is avoidable, it remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in both developing and developed countries. The aim of this study was to assess the patterns and outcomes of acute pediatric intoxication in Aljouf, KSA.
A retrospective record-based descriptive study was conducted at the Prince Mutaib bin Abdulaziz hospital, and the Maternity and Children's hospital in Aljouf, KSA. All cases of acute intoxication in children younger than 18 years of age from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2021 were included. Data analysis included demographic characteristics; year and month of intoxication; place, time, form, and route of toxic agent exposure; manner of intoxication; toxic agent/agents involved; intoxicated child's status upon arrival at the hospital; clinical presentation; treatment; admission history; and outcome.
A total of 540 cases were reported. Most (79%) acutely intoxicated children were in 1 to <6 years of age. The highest frequency of reported acute pediatric intoxication was 23.9% in 2017. Pharmaceutical drugs were responsible for most reported cases (41%). Most children were asymptomatic (84%) at the time of admission. Among symptomatic children, GIT clinical manifestations were the most reported symptoms. Forty percent of the children were admitted to the inpatient ward. Interestingly, 29.4% were discharged against medical advice. Approximately 43% showed complete recovery. The logistic regression model of predictors of accidental intoxication indicated that only age and residence in urban vs rural areas had a statistically significant relationship.
Acute pediatric intoxication is a problem in Aljouf, KSA. Caregivers' awareness of the potentially hazardous toxic agents and risk factors for pediatric intoxication should be enhanced, and effective prevention strategies should be implemented to decrease the incidence of pediatric intoxication.
Objectives: This study aimed to assess knowledge, perception, and attitude towards medical ethics among undergraduate medical students at College of Medicine,Jouf University (COMJU), Kingdom of Saudi ...Arabia (KSA).
Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a convenience sample of 118 undergraduate medical students at Jouf University, KSA using a self-administered questionnaire that included section I (Basic demographic characteristics), section II (Knowledge about medical ethics), and section III (Perception and attitudes towards different aspects of medical ethics). Descriptive analysis was carried out.
Results: More than two-thirds of the participating students were knowledgeable about different aspects of medical ethics. Despite that, about half of them did not consider confidentiality as a fundamental issue in medical ethics, and more than half accepted that a physician could ignore a patient’s privacy. About 78.2 % believed that health practitioners must comply with the ethics of their profession. Nearly 75.5 % of respondents believed that a specialized Committee should be present in the college to set ethical rules. Interestingly, 71.7 % declared that there is a necessity of incorporating medical ethics into an undergraduate curriculum.
Conclusion: Our results emphasize the need for increasing the incorporation of medical ethics issues into the undergraduate medical curriculum to enhance their knowledge and strengthen their positive attitude towards medical ethics.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 22 No. 02 April’23 Page :353-359
Several hundred limestone samples representing eight different deposits within Egypt have been evaluated and results indicate that some of the deposits are adequate for use as highway pavement ...construction materials. The evaluation included tests on index properties, strength, chemical, petrographic and resistance-to-abrasion. The suitability or adverse features of the eight limestone deposits have been evaluated and the various engineering characteristics are discussed, based on a rating scheme, recommendations are made for the use of selected limestones as pavement materials in Egypt.
We aimed to investigate the signalling crosstalk of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, TRAIL death receptors, tumour protein p53, and programmed cell death (PDCD5) with IQGAPs. Also, we targeted ...the crosstalk between IQGAPs genes with decoy receptors, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), and interleukins -8 (IL-8) and its receptor genes in a designed model of hepatocellular carcinoma induced in male Balb/c mice.
The presence of HCC was confirmed by histological and morphological alterations. In parallel to the incidence of hepatic cancer, we found lung, heart, and kidney cancer after treatment with DEN.
Our results show that the expression of mRNA of IQGAP1, TRAIL decoy receptors, NF-κB, and IL-8 genes was elevated in hepatocellular carcinoma, as compared to normal liver tissue, while their expression was further up-regulated by increasing the dose of diethylnitrosamine. The expression of IQGAP2, TRAIL death receptors, p53, and PDCD5 was significantly down-regulated in HCC (p˂0.05). For confirmation of gene expression, protein levels of both IQGAP1 and P53 were measured by western blot analysis, which showed that diethylnitrosamine enhanced protein expression of IQGAP1 and diminished that of p53.
IQGAPs have a direct signaling relationship with p53, IL-8, and TRAIL family. This interaction is recognized as a key signalling pathway for hepatocellular carcinogenesis.
A series of bis-chalcones with alkyl linkers incorporating 3-(thiophen-2-yl)pyrazole 5-10 has been prepared by the condensation reaction of two moles of 3-(thiophen-2-yl)pyrazole-4-aldehyde 4 with ...one mole of bis- o- or p-(acetophenones) 3a-f. The synthesized compounds 5-10 have been fully characterized and tested as novel anti-cancer agents. The in vitro anticancer activities of the compounds 5-10 were evaluated against a panel of human cancer cell lines (A431, A549, and PC3), and a normal human skin fibroblast BJ1. Compound 10 was the most promising in the prepared series with IC
50
(48.7 and 74.2 µg/mL) against epidermoid cancer cell line A431 and the lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549, respectively, compared to the reference drug doxorubicin (IC
50
, 28.3 and 27.9 µg/mL, respectively). The target compound 10 was investigated theoretically using molecular docking study to different domain sets (1dls, 2c6o, 2w3t, 4kmn, and 4wt2) and they illustrated different modes of action with different binding energies.
Purpose. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the efficiency of grinding operations in terms of how mechanical properties (e.g., strength properties and ore texture) affect the Bond Work Index. ...Methods. The specimens have been collected in the Eastern Desert of Egypt, namely Abu Marwat, Hamash and Al Sadd. As a result, strength parameters such as compressive strength, cohesiveness and hardness have been assessed. Ore texture, mineral content and bonds between tiny fabric units have been examined using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and thin section. Findings. This research shows that as the strength properties of the rock increase, the Bond Working Index also increases. Moreover, the results indicate that the level of cohesion of ore minerals with the surrounding tailings, on the one hand, and the variance in the tailing content, on the other hand, play a significant role in the processing operation, given the discrepancy in the Bond Work Index for the six Abu Marawat gold ores of 18.8%. Originality. This research attempts to develop a methodology for assessing the efficiency of grinding operations as a function of rock strength properties and ore texture in relation to the Bond Work Index. Practical implications. Ore texture is one of the most important factors influencing the grinding process. Since grinding consumes a considerable amount of energy, the economic evaluation is based on increasing the grinding efficiency. According to previous research, the petrographic, which varies from sample to another, has an impact on the mechanical properties as well as the grinding operations.
Background
This study aimed to explore the association between polymorphisms in three genes: leptin (
LEP
), leptin receptor (
LEPR
), and
BMP
4, and incidence of repeat breeding in Egyptian ...buffaloes.
Methods
DNA was extracted from 160 female buffaloes, involving 108 fertile and 52 repeat breeders. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Sequence analysis and alignment were performed by employing NCBI/BLAST/blastn suite, to identify SNPs among different patterns and alleles. We utilized PredictSNP software to predict the non-synonymous SNPs influences on protein function. Moreover, the conservation score of the amino acids within the target proteins was computed by ConSurf server.
Results
The genotyping results showed that
LEP
and
BMP
4 genes were monomorphic (CC, GG) in all tested fertile and repeat breeder buffaloes. Leptin gene sequencing showed a non-synonymous C73T SNP, replacing R to C at position 25 within the leptin polypeptide (position 4 in the mature form; R4C) which is a neutral mutation, not affecting function or structure of LEP protein. For
LEPR
, one synonymous SNP (T102C) and two non-synonymous SNPs (A106G and C146A), triggering V967A and G954C replacements, respectively in
LEPR
protein. Moreover, they are neutral mutations. Sequencing results of
BMP
4 showed
Hinf
I restriction site indicate fixed GG genotype (CC genotype in the anti-sense strand) in all sequenced samples. No SNPs were observed within the amplified region.
Conclusion
Genotyping and sequencing results of the surveyed three genes revealed that there is no association between these genes mutations and the incidence of repeat breeding in Egyptian buffaloes.
Elements accumulation in crayfish is proportional to the increase in bioavailability (direct contact) with the surrounding water, sediment, and feeding. Five heavy metals (Cu, Cr, Mn, Ni, and Ag) and ...lithium (Li) were analyzed in the sediment, water, and crayfish tissues. Elements (heavy metals and lithium) concentrations in sediment, water, and crayfish tissues showed significant differences between the two sampling stations (El-Qanatir and El-Rahawi drain). However, the levels of elements in crayfish tissues were arranged in declining order as hepatopancreas > gills > exoskeleton > muscles for Cu and Cr; hepatopancreas > exoskeleton > gills > muscles for Ni and Ag; and exoskeleton > gills > hepatopancreas > muscles for Li and Mn. The human health hazard evaluation of heavy metals and lithium exposure via edible tissue consumption was assessed for both children and adult consumers. The target hazard quotient THQ values of crayfish edible tissues (less than 1) will not impose any health implications for consumers who ingest edible tissues in sufficient quantities. Furthermore, the hazard index (HI) values reported for children and adult consumers were lower than one, indicating non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic hazards, suggesting that crayfish edible tissues are safe for human ingestion. This evidence also found that
Procambarus clarkii
could be a good bio-indicator organism for monitoring potentially metals in aquatic systems.
Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion mode is a relatively new combustion technology that can be achieved by using specially designed cams with reduced lift and duration. The ...auto-ignition in HCCI engine can be facilitated by adjusting the timing of the exhaust-valve-closing and, to some extent, the timing of the intake-valve-opening so as to capture a proportion of the hot exhaust gases in the engine cylinder during the gas exchange process. The effects of variable valve timing strategy on the gas exchange process and performance of a 4-valve direct injection HCCI engine were computationally investigated using a 1D fluid-dynamic engine cycle simulation code. A non-typical intake valve strategy was examined; whereby the intake valves were assumed to be independently actuated with the same valve-lift profile but at different timings. Using such an intake valves strategy, the obtained results showed that the operating range of the exhaust-valve-timing within which the HCCI combustion can be facilitated and maintained becomes much wider than that of the typical intake-valve-timing case. Also it was found that the engine parameters such as load and volumetric efficiency are significantly modified with the use of the non-typical intake-valve-timing. Additionally, the results demonstrated the potential of the non-typical intake-valve strategy in achieving and maintaining the HCCI combustion at much lower loads within a wide range of valve timings. Minimizing the pumping work penalty, and consequently improving the fuel economy, was shown as an advantage of using the non-typical intake-valve-timing with the timing of the early intake valve coupled with a symmetric degree of exhaust-valve-closing timing.
Abstract Chronic recurrent dislocation of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is rare and has many causes. Although it is possible to start treating it conservatively, these treatments are usually ...unsuccessful. Over the years, many operations have been done including operating on the muscles, the articular capsule, the articular meniscus, and the condyle. At present, the most widely accepted techniques are those used on the articular eminence. It may be reduced (eminectomy), favouring free movement of the condyles, or an obstacle may be interposed to prevent excessive movement of the condyles. These later techniques include Norman's (glenotemporal osteotomy with interpositional bone grafting). Other techniques include Dauterey's procedure, on which onlay bone grafts or bone substitutes are inserted in a subperiosteal pocket inferior to the articular eminences. We report a prospective study of 60 patients who had a bilaterally modified glenotemporal osteotomy, 40 who had chronic dislocations of the temporomandibular joints and the other 20 who had severe hypermobility of the joints. Bone grafts, iliac or calvarial, were inserted at the osteotomy between the zygomatic arch and the articular eminence, and fixed either by wires, mini-plates or microplates, and screws. Stable results were obtained and retained during long-term follow up of 1–8 years.
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