The CUPID-Mo experiment at the Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane (France) is a demonstrator for CUPID, the next-generation ton-scale bolometric 0νββ experiment. It consists of a 4.2 kg array of 20 ...enriched Li2 100MoO4 scintillating bolometers to search for the lepton-number-violating process of 0νββ decay in 100Mo. With more than one year of operation (100Mo exposure of 1.17 kg × yr for physics data), no event in the region of interest and, hence, no evidence for 0νββ is observed. We report a new limit on the half-life of 0νββ decay in 100Mo of T1/2 > 1.5 × 1024 yr at 90% C.I. The limit corresponds to an effective Majorana neutrino mass ⟨m β β⟩ < (0.31 –0.54 ) eV, dependent on the nuclear matrix element in the light Majorana neutrino exchange interpretation.
We report the measurement of the two-neutrino double-beta ($2\nu\beta\beta$) decay of $^{100}$Mo to the ground state of $^{100}$Ru using lithium molybdate (\crystal) scintillating bolometers. The ...detectors were developed for the CUPID-Mo program and operated at the EDELWEISS-III low background facility in the Modane underground laboratory. From a total exposure of $42.235$ kg$\times$d, the half-life of $^{100}$Mo is determined to be $T_{1/2}^{2\nu}=7.12^{+0.18}_{-0.14}\,\mathrm{(stat.)}\pm0.10\,\mathrm{(syst.)}\times10^{18}$ years. This is the most accurate determination of the $2\nu\beta\beta$ half-life of $^{100}$Mo to date. We also confirm, with the statistical significance of $>3\sigma$, that the single-state dominance model of the $2\nu\beta\beta$ decay of $^{100}$Mo is favored over the high-state dominance model.
Drug development for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been for a long time focused on agents that were expected to support endogenous β-amyloid (Aβ) in a monomeric state and destroy ...soluble Aβ oligomers and insoluble Aβ aggregates. However, this strategy has failed over the last 20 years and was eventually abandoned. In this review, we propose a new approach to the anti-amyloid AD therapy based on the latest achievements in understanding molecular causes of cerebral amyloidosis in AD animal models.
The mathematical model of hydro vortex inertial kinematic coagulation is proposed; the model largely improves energy efficiency of coal dust blast isolation. The graphical model of interaction ...between liquid drop and explosive aerosol particle at the contact zone at the moment of collision in the liquid-solid system is refined using the theory of added vortexes. The hypothesis on weakening of the wedge effect of a gas medium in the zone of contact between the explosive aerosol particle owing to an added vortex caused by the drop and particle rotation, is put forward and proved. The equations are obtained for calculating energy required for total absorption of explosive aerosol particles, minimum diameter of the particles and wetting angle in hydro vortex inertial coagulation.
CUPID-Mo, located in the Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane (France), was a demonstrator for the next generation
0
ν
β
β
decay experiment, CUPID. It consisted of an array of 20 enriched Li
2
100
MoO
4
...bolometers and 20 Ge light detectors and has demonstrated that the technology of scintillating bolometers with particle identification capabilities is mature. Furthermore, CUPID-Mo can inform and validate the background prediction for CUPID. In this paper, we present a detailed model of the CUPID-Mo backgrounds. This model is able to describe well the features of the experimental data and enables studies of the
2
ν
β
β
decay and other processes with high precision. We also measure the radio-purity of the Li
2
100
MoO
4
crystals which are found to be sufficient for the CUPID goals. Finally, we also obtain a background index in the region of interest of 3.7
-
0.8
+
0.9
(stat)
-
0.7
+
1.5
(syst)
×
10
-
3
counts/
Δ
E
FWHM
/
mol
iso
/
year
,
the lowest in a bolometric
0
ν
β
β
decay experiment.
The CUPID-Mo experiment to search for 0
ν
β
β
decay in
100
Mo has been recently completed after about 1.5 years of operation at Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane (France). It served as a demonstrator ...for CUPID, a next generation 0
ν
β
β
decay experiment. CUPID-Mo was comprised of 20 enriched
Li
2
100
MoO
4
scintillating calorimeters, each with a mass of
∼
0.2
kg, operated at
∼
20
mK. We present here the final analysis with the full exposure of CUPID-Mo (
100
Mo exposure of 1.47
kg
×
year
) used to search for lepton number violation via 0
ν
β
β
decay. We report on various analysis improvements since the previous result on a subset of data, reprocessing all data with these new techniques. We observe zero events in the region of interest and set a new limit on the
100
Mo 0
ν
β
β
decay half-life of
T
1
/
2
0
ν
>
1.8
×
10
24
year (stat. + syst.) at 90% CI. Under the light Majorana neutrino exchange mechanism this corresponds to an effective Majorana neutrino mass of
m
β
β
<
(
0.28
-
0.49
)
eV, dependent upon the nuclear matrix element utilized.
Thomson scattering of the core edge and divertor plasma regions of a tokamak with reactor technologies is discussed. The rationale and choice of technical solutions are given, the composition of the ...Thomson scattering diagnostic complex is discussed, as well as an estimate of the accuracy of measuring both electron temperature and density. Particular attention is paid to ensuring the functionality of the proposed diagnostics in the reactor mode of the tokamak operation and the results of testing diagnostic equipment in the experiments on Globus-M2 tokamak.
Abstarct
—In this paper, we present data from studies of the iron boride synthesis upon induction heating to 1000°C for 5 min of samples of steel 20 coated with a charge containing Fe–H
3
BO
3
. The ...content of boric acid in the charge composition varied from 25 to 75 wt %. The charge in the experiments can be diluted with a solution of liquid glass in water with the addition of a small amount of ammonium hydroxide and coal. The microhardness study of the surface layer showed that a macroscopically extensive diffusion zone with a size of 900–1000 μm, in which the boride content gradually decreases when moving deeper into the matrix, is formed during the saturation of the surface layer of carbon steel 20 with boron. Such a size of the diffusion zone indicates an anomalously high mass transfer during boriding of steel 20. Indeed, the calculated diffusion coefficient during boriding under induction conditions (about 1.35 × 10
–9
m
2
/s) is by two orders of magnitude higher than the diffusion coefficient in the classical version of boriding. X-ray studies showed that, under the considered conditions, Fe
2
B and FeB borides are synthesized, and a solid solution of boron in α-iron is also formed. An analysis of the phase composition of the structural components of the diffusion zone indicates that, from the surface to the matrix, the formation of boride phases occurs in the sequence of FeB → Fe
2
B → (α-phase + B) → base metal. The microstructure of the diffusion zone consists of more or less pronounced layers consisting of FeB and Fe
2
B boride phases. In general, especially deep-lying regions of the diffusion zone are a composite material consisting of a plastic α-phase and iron boride crystals. Crystals FeB and Fe
2
B in the layer are oriented mainly perpendicular to the diffusion front. This is due perhaps to the rapid predominant growth of the boride phase under conditions of high diffusion mobility of boron atoms in one direction and hindered in others.
Hydration sites are high-density regions in the three-dimensional time-averaged solvent structure in molecular dynamics simulations and diffraction experiments. In a simulation of sperm whale ...myoglobin, we found 294 such high-density regions. Their positions appear to agree reasonably well with the distributions of waters of hydration found in 38 x-ray and 1 neutron high-resolution structures of this protein. The hydration sites are characterized by an average occupancy and a combination of residence time parameters designed to approximate a distribution of residence times. It appears that although the occupancy and residence times of the majority of sites are rather bulk-like, the residence time distribution is shifted toward the longer components, relative to bulk. The sites with particularly long residence times are located only in the cavities and clefts of the protein. This indicates that other factors, such as hydrogen bonds and hydrophobicity of underlying protein residues, play a lesser role in determining the residence times of the longest-lived sites.
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