Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the main products of indigestible carbohydrates that are fermented by microbiota in the hindgut. This study was designed to investigate the effects of oral SCFAs ...administration on the lipid metabolism of weaned pigs. A total of 21 barrows were randomly allocated into three groups, including control group (orally infused with 200 mL physiological saline per day), low dose SCFAs group (orally infused with 200 mL SCFAs containing acetic acid 20.04 mM, propionic acid 7.71 mM and butyric acid 4.89 mM per day), and high dose SCFAs group (orally infused with 200 mL SCFAs containing acetic acid 40.08 mM, propionic acid 15.42 mM and butyric acid 9.78 mM per day). The results showed that the average daily feed intake of SCFAs groups were lower than that of control group (P<0.05). Oral administration of SCFAs decreased the concentrations of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol and insulin (P<0.05), and increased the leptin concentration in serum (P<0.05). The total fat, as well as TC and TG levels in liver, was decreased by oral SCFAs administration (P<0.05). In addition, SCFAs down-regulated the mRNA expressions of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (P<0.05), and enhanced the mRNA expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1α (CPT-1α) in liver (P<0.05). SCFAs also decreased FAS, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor σ mRNA expressions in longissimus dorsi (P<0.05). And in abdominal fat, SCFAs reduced FAS and ACC mRNA expressions (P<0.05), and increased CPT-1α mRNA expression (P<0.05). These results suggested that oral administration of SCFAs could attenuate fat deposition in weaned pigs via reducing lipogenesis and enhancing lipolysis of different tissues.
Odd-parity superconductivity in Sr2RuO4 NELSON, K. D; MAO, Z. Q; MAENO, Y ...
Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science),
11/2004, Volume:
306, Issue:
5699
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Phase-sensitive measurements were made on Sr2RuO4 to establish unambiguously the odd-parity pairing in this material. The critical current of Au(0.5)In(0.5)-Sr2RuO4 superconducting quantum ...interference devices prepared on Sr2RuO4 single crystals was found to be a maximum for devices with junctions on the same side of the crystal and a minimum for devices with junctions on opposite sides, in the limit of zero magnetic flux; these findings indicate that the phase of the superconducting order parameter in Sr2RuO4 changes by pi under inversion. This result verifies the odd-parity pairing symmetry and the formation of spin-triplet Cooper pairs in Sr2RuO4.
Abstract
Spin-valley locking in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides has attracted enormous interest, since it offers potential for valleytronic and optoelectronic applications. Such an exotic ...electronic state has sparsely been seen in bulk materials. Here, we report spin-valley locking in a Dirac semimetal BaMnSb
2
. This is revealed by comprehensive studies using first principles calculations, tight-binding and effective model analyses, angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements. Moreover, this material also exhibits a stacked quantum Hall effect (QHE). The spin-valley degeneracy extracted from the QHE is close to 2. This result, together with the Landau level spin splitting, further confirms the spin-valley locking picture. In the extreme quantum limit, we also observed a plateau in the
z
-axis resistance, suggestive of a two-dimensional chiral surface state present in the quantum Hall state. These findings establish BaMnSb
2
as a rare platform for exploring coupled spin and valley physics in bulk single crystals and accessing 3D interacting topological states.
We present a new type of colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) arising from an anomalous collapse of the Mott insulating state via a modest magnetic field in a bilayer ruthenate, Ti-doped ...Ca_{3}Ru_{2}O_{7}. Such an insulator-metal transition is accompanied by changes in both lattice and magnetic structures. Our findings have important implications because a magnetic field usually stabilizes the insulating ground state in a Mott-Hubbard system, thus calling for a deeper theoretical study to reexamine the magnetic field tuning of Mott systems with magnetic and electronic instabilities and spin-lattice-charge coupling. This study further provides a model approach to search for CMR systems other than manganites, such as Mott insulators in the vicinity of the boundary between competing phases.
Recent observations A. Pustogow et al., Nature (London) 574, 72 (2019). of a drop of the 17O nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) Knight shift in the superconducting state of Sr2RuO4 challenged the ...popular picture of a chiral odd-parity paired state in this compound. Here we use polarized neutron scattering (PNS) to show that there is a 34 ± 6 % drop in the magnetic susceptibility at the Ru site below the superconducting transition temperature. We measure at lower fields ... than a previous PNS study allowing the suppression to be observed. The PNS measurements show a smaller susceptibility suppression than NMR measurements performed at similar field and temperature. Our results rule out the chiral odd-parity ... state and are consistent with several recent proposals for the order parameter including even-parity B1g and odd-parity helical states.(ProQuest: ... denotes formulae omitted.)
Origin of the turn-on temperature behavior in WTe2 Wang, Y. L.; Thoutam, L. R.; Xiao, Z. L. ...
Physical review. B, Condensed matter and materials physics,
11/2015, Volume:
92, Issue:
18
Journal Article
The quantum oscillations of the magnetoresistance under ambient and high pressure have been studied for WTe2 single crystals, in which extremely large magnetoresistance was discovered recently. By ...analyzing the Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations, four Fermi surfaces are identified, and two of them are found to persist to high pressure. The sizes of these two pockets are comparable, but show increasing difference with pressure. At 0.3 K and in 14.5 T, the magnetoresistance decreases drastically from 1.25×10(5)% under ambient pressure to 7.47×10(3)% under 23.6 kbar, which is likely caused by the relative change of Fermi surfaces. These results support the scenario that the perfect balance between the electron and hole populations is the origin of the extremely large magnetoresistance in WTe2.
The Nonlinear Output Frequency Response Functions (NOFRFs) are an extension of the well-known Frequency Response Function (FRF) of linear systems to the nonlinear case and have recently been applied ...by many researchers to resolve different engineering problems. However, there exist several issues with current methods that can be used for the evaluation of the NOFRFs of practical systems. These include the difficulty and lack of an effective approach of accurately evaluating the NOFRFs for a general class of nonlinear systems. In the present study, a new concept known as the Generalized Associated Linear Equations (GALEs) is introduced to develop a novel approach to systematically address these problems. By using the GALEs, the NOFRFs of the NARX (Nonlinear Auto Regressive with eXegenous input) model or NDE (Nonlinear Differential Equation) model of nonlinear systems can be accurately evaluated by simply dealing with the solutions to a series of linear difference or differential equations. This can significantly facilitate the NOFRFs based nonlinear system analyses and associated practical applications. Two experimental studies including monitoring fatigue damage of train wheels and inspecting wearing conditions of cutting tools, respectively, demonstrate the significance and potential applications of the new GALEs based NOFRFs evaluation in railway and manufacturing systems’ condition monitoring.
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