Passive houses have, at design stage, to fulfill a number of performance criteria. One of them imposes the normalized theoretical heat demand to be limited to 15 kWh/m2, year. In operation, it is ...very difficult to check, from simple observations or measurements, the real performance of such a house: different energy vectors may be used to meet the space heating as well as the domestic hot water demand, a storage tank may be used and fed by different energy sources (heat pump, direct electricity, solar thermal). The problem is still more complicated if the house is equipped with PV panels which naturally decrease the apparent electrical consumption. In the frame of the IEA Annex 58 project, a passive house was the object of a detailed analysis aiming at estimating the different terms of the energy balance. Some terms were results of direct in situ measurements and unmeasured terms such as solar and internal gains were estimated by dynamic simulation. The combination of measurements and simulation results allowed a reconstruction of a robust energy balance. The paper provides a detailed description of the approach and of each term of the rebuilt energy balance.
Encapsulation of labile compounds in heat- and high-pressure treated protein and lipid nanoparticles Relkin, Perla; Rizwan ShukatauthorAgroParisTech, UMR 1145, Department of Science and Engineering of Food and Bioproducts, 1, avenue des Olympiades, F-91300 Massy, France; Gabrielle MoulinauthorAgroParisTech, UMR 1145, Department of Science and Engineering of Food and Bioproducts, 1, avenue des Olympiades, F-91300 Massy, France
2015
Journal Article
The YFWG included staff of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), World Health Organization (WHO), various US academic institutions, the US Food and Drug Administration, the US ...Department of Defense, and vaccine manufacturers. 21,22) regarding the case definition and data collection for YEL-AVD preceded the development of these guidelines; the more recent and more detailed Brighton Collaboration case definition and guidelines presented here are preferred.cWhenever >=1major criteria or both a major and minor criteria are used to meet the case definition, they must each represent different organ systems (e.g., hepatic versus renal). dULN=upper limit of normal for the reference range of normal values reported by the clinical laboratory performing the indicated test.eFDP=Fibrin degradation products.fSee coagulopathy criterion in Minor criteria table for list of included hemorrhagic sites (hematuria excluded; see Section 1.3.3). gApplies to children <13 years of age.hAge-specific thresholds for increased respiratory rate (breaths/min).6-11months: >50.1-5 years: >40.6 years and older >20.
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