The use of antimicrobial agents has been claimed to be the driving force for the emergence and spread of microbial resistance. However, several studies have reported the presence of ...multidrug-resistant bacteria in populations exposed to low levels of antimicrobial drugs or even never exposed. For many pathogens, especially those organisms for which asymptomatic colonization typically precedes infection (e.g., Enterococcus spp. and Escherichia coli), the selective effects of antimicrobial use can only be understood if we considerer all biological and environmental pathways which enable these bacteria, and the genes they carry, to spread between different biomes. This ecological framework provides an essential perspective for formulating antimicrobial use policies, precisely because it encompasses the root causes of these problems rather than merely their consequences.
International consensus on a complications list after gastrectomy for cancer Baiocchi, Gian Luca; Giacopuzzi, Simone; Marrelli, Daniele ...
Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association,
01/2019, Volume:
22, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Background
Perioperative complications can affect outcomes after gastrectomy for cancer, with high mortality and morbidity rates ranging between 10 and 40%. The absence of a standardized system for ...recording complications generates wide variation in evaluating their impacts on outcomes and hinders proposals of quality-improvement projects. The aim of this study was to provide a list of defined gastrectomy complications approved through international consensus.
Methods
The Gastrectomy Complications Consensus Group consists of 34 European gastric cancer experts who are members of the International Gastric Cancer Association. A group meeting established the work plan for study implementation through Delphi surveys. A consensus was reached regarding a set of standardized methods to define gastrectomy complications.
Results
A standardized list of 27 defined complications (grouped into 3 intraoperative, 14 postoperative general, and 10 postoperative surgical complications) was created to provide a simple but accurate template for recording individual gastrectomy complications. A consensus was reached for both the list of complications that should be considered major adverse events after gastrectomy for cancer and their specific definitions. The study group also agreed that an assessment of each surgical case should be completed at patient discharge and 90 days postoperatively using a Complication Recording Sheet.
Conclusion
The list of defined complications (soon to be validated in an international multicenter study) and the ongoing development of an electronic datasheet app to record them provide the basic infrastructure to reach the ultimate goals of standardized international data collection, establishment of benchmark results, and fostering of quality-improvement projects.
Corner-truncated cubic β-Ag1.94Cu0.06MoO4 microcrystals were synthesized using the hydrothermal method. These were investigated by X-ray diffraction, confirming obtention of the spinel structure ...Fd3̅m. Through Raman spectroscopy are confirmed all modes for the point group of O h 7. The E gap shows a decrease of the band gap from 3.20 to 3.07 eV, with reduction of the conduction band occurring from −0.20 eV (β-Ag2MoO4) to −0.13 eV (β-Ag1.94Cu0.06MoO4), suggesting a p-type behavior for the Cu2+ ion. The field-emission scanning electron microscopy images confirm the morphological changes for β-Ag2MoO4, where potato-like microcrystals were found. Meanwhile, corner-truncated cubic microcrystals for β-Ag1.94Cu0.06MoO4. The photoluminescence (PL) spectrum confirms the increase in the PL emission for β-Ag1.94Cu0.06MoO4, with suppression of the deep defects occurring in the structure caused by oxygen and silver atoms. In contrast, the green region is intensified because of distortions of the Ag–O and Mo–O bonds. Therefore, the β-Ag1.94Cu0.06MoO4 solid solution has PL emission with CCT (4510 K) and CIE coordinates (x = 0.372 and y = 0.433), which could be interesting properties for applications as light-emitting diodes.
DIS3L2 degrades different types of RNAs in an exosome-independent manner including mRNAs and several types of non-coding RNAs. DIS3L2-mediated degradation is preceded by the addition of nontemplated ...uridines at the 3’end of its targets by the terminal uridylyl transferases 4 and 7. Most of the literature that concerns DIS3L2 characterizes its involvement in several RNA degradation pathways, however, there is some evidence that its dysregulated activity may contribute to cancer development. In the present study, we characterize the role of DIS3L2 in human colorectal cancer (CRC). Using the public RNA datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we found higher DIS3L2 mRNA levels in CRC tissues versus normal colonic samples as well as worse prognosis in patients with high DIS3L2 expression. In addition, our RNA deep-sequencing data revealed that knockdown (KD) of DIS3L2 induces a strong transcriptomic disturbance in SW480 CRC cells. Moreover, gene ontology (GO) analysis of significant upregulated transcripts displays enrichment in mRNAs encoding proteins involved in cell cycle regulation and cancer-related pathways, which guided us to evaluate which specific hallmarks of cancer are differentially regulated by DIS3L2. To do so, we employed four CRC cell lines (HCT116, SW480, Caco-2 and HT-29) differing in their mutational background and oncogenicity. We demonstrate that depletion of DIS3L2 results in reduced cell viability of highly oncogenic SW480 and HCT116 CRC cells, but had little or no impact in the more differentiated Caco-2 and HT-29 cells. Remarkably, the mTOR signaling pathway, crucial for cell survival and growth, is downregulated after DIS3L2 KD, whereas AZGP1, an mTOR pathway inhibitor, is upregulated. Furthermore, our results indicate that depletion of DIS3L2 disturbs metastasis-associated properties, such as cell migration and invasion, only in highly oncogenic CRC cells. Our work reveals for the first time a role for DIS3L2 in sustaining CRC cell proliferation and provides evidence that this ribonuclease is required to support the viability and invasive behavior of dedifferentiated CRC cells.
Utilizing a standardized dataset based on a newly developed list of 27 univocally defined complications, this study analyzed data to assess the incidence and grading of complications and evaluate ...outcomes associated with gastrectomy for cancer in Europe.
The absence of a standardized system for recording gastrectomy-associated complications makes it difficult to compare results from different hospitals and countries.
Using a secure online platform (www.gastrodata.org), referral centers for gastric cancer in 11 European countries belonging to the Gastrectomy Complications Consensus Group recorded clinical, oncological, and surgical data, and outcome measures at hospital discharge and at 30 and 90 days postoperatively. This retrospective observational study included all consecutive resections over a 2-year period.
A total of 1349 gastrectomies performed between January 2017 and December 2018 were entered into the database. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was administered to 577 patients (42.8%). Total (46.1%) and subtotal (46.4%) gastrectomy were the predominant resections. D2 or D2+ lymphadenectomy was performed in almost 80% of operations. The overall complications' incidence was 29.8%; 402 patients developed 625 complications, with the most frequent being nonsurgical infections (23%), anastomotic leak (9.8%), other postoperative abnormal fluid from drainage and/or abdominal collections (9.3%), pleural effusion (8.3%), postoperative bleeding (5.6%), and other major complications requiring invasive treatment (5.6%). The median Clavien-Dindo score and Comprehensive Complications Index were IIIa and 26.2, respectively. In-hospital, 30-day, and 90-day mortality were 3.2%, 3.6%, and 4.5%, respectively.
The use of a standardized platform to collect European data on perioperative complications revealed that gastrectomy for gastric cancer is still associated with heavy morbidity and mortality. Actions are needed to limit the incidence of, and to effectively treat, the most frequent and most lethal complications.
Non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory viral infections, such as influenza virus (FluV) and human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), have contributed considerably to the burden of infectious diseases in the ...non-COVID-19 era. While the rates of co-infection in SARS-CoV-2-positive group (SCPG) patients have been determined, the burden of other respiratory viruses in the SARS-CoV-2-negative group (SCNG) remains unclear. Here, we conducted a cross-sectional study (São José do Rio Preto county, Brazil), and we collected our data using a meta-analysis to evaluate the pooled prevalence of FluV and RSV among SCNG patients. Out of the 901 patients suspected of COVID-19, our molecular results showed positivity of FluV and RSV in the SCNG was 2% (15/733) and 0.27% (2/733), respectively. Co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and FluV, or RSV, was identified in 1.7% of the patients (3/168). Following our meta-analysis, 28 studies were selected (
= 114,318 suspected COVID-19 patients), with a pooled prevalence of 4% (95% CI: 3-6) for FluV and 2% (95% CI: 1-3) for RSV among SCNG patients were observed. Interestingly, FluV positivity in the SCNG was four times higher (OR = 4, 95% CI: 3.6-5.4,
< 0.01) than in the SCPG. Similarly, RSV positivity was significantly associated with SCNG patients (OR = 2.9, 95% CI: 2-4,
< 0.01). For subgroup analysis, cold-like symptoms, including fever, cough, sore throat, headache, myalgia, diarrhea, and nausea/vomiting, were positively associated (
< 0.05) with the SCPG. In conclusion, these results show that the pooled prevalence of FluV and RSV were significantly higher in the SCNG than in the SCPG during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic.
In this work, we report the room-temperature synthesis of pure calcium tungstate (CaWO4) and copper-doped calcium tungstate solid solution (Ca0.99Cu0.01WO4) by using a sonochemistry method. These ...materials were structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. The obtained XRD patterns were submitted to a Rietveld refinement showing, in both materials, a tetragonal phase with space group and point group of I41 /a and C 4h 6, respectively. Microscopy images of both materials, obtained by field emission scanning electron microscopy, showed spherical agglomerated structures composed by spherical nanoparticles, while calcium and tungstate elements were identified by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy for pure calcium tungstate and copper, calcium, and tungstate for Ca0.99Cu0.01WO4 solid solution. The decrease of optical band gap (E gap) from 4.0 eV (CaWO4) to 3.45 eV (Ca0.99Cu0.01WO4) confirmed the substitution of calcium atoms for copper atoms in the clusters CaO8. Maximum photoluminescence (PL) emission was shifted from 522 nm in the pure CaWO4 to 475 nm in the Ca0.99Cu0.01WO4 solid solution. Consequently, there was an increase of PL emissions intensity in the blue and green regions of the visible spectrum, due to electronic transitions between the orbitals O 2p, Cu 3d, and W 5d.
An allergy to bites from
(Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) occurs because of a hypersensitivity reaction caused by the inoculation of insect salivary antigens during the bite, resulting in immune-mediated ...dermatitis. To the best of our knowledge, no previous studies have focused on allergic dermatitis in donkeys in Brazil. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the epidemiological, clinicopathological, and therapeutic aspects of allergic dermatitis in donkeys and to identify the insects involved in its epidemiology. This study reported the occurrence of dermatitis in 17 animals. The clinical signs were restlessness and severe itching. Skin lesions were found on the head, depigmented areas of the muzzle and cheeks, flanks, pelvic and thoracic limbs, and the scrotal sac. The lesions were characterized by areas of alopecia with crusts accompanied by serosanguineous exudates. Histologically, the lesions were characterized as moderate superficial dermatitis with irregular epidermal acanthosis and pronounced diffuse orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis. In total, 378
specimens were collected, with
Ortiz being the most abundant species. The combined application of copaiba oil and a multivitamin emulsion exhibited potential for topical treatment of allergic dermatitis caused by insect bites in donkeys. Our study revealed an association between allergic dermatitis in donkeys and
.
•We proposed a decision support system in the surgical oncology domain.•The proposed web platform allowed postoperative surgical outcomes prediction.•It can be used to collect clinical data in a ...harmonized format at the oncology centers.•The platform provides health professionals a support tool to the design of postoperative care.
Background: The performance of traditional risk score systems to predict (post)-operative outcomes is limited. This weakness reduces confidence in its use to support clinical risk mitigation decisions. However, the rapid growth of health data in the last years offers principles to deal with some of these limitations. In this regard, the data allows the extraction of relevant information for both patients stratification and the rigorous identification of associated risk factors. The patients can then be targeted to specific preoperative optimization programs, thus contributing to the reduction of associated morbidity and mortality. Objectives: The main goal of this work is, therefore, to provide a clinical decision support system (CDSS) based on data-driven modeling methods for surgical risk prediction specific for cancer patients in Portugal. Results: The result is IPOscore, a single web-based platform aimed at being an innovative approach to assist clinical decision-making in the surgical oncology domain. This system includes a database to store/manage the clinical data collected in a structured format, data visualization and analysis tools, and predictive machine learning models to predict postoperative outcomes in cancer patients. IPOscore also includes a pattern mining module based on biclustering to assess the discriminative power of a pattern towards postsurgical outcomes. Additionally, a mobile application is provided to this end. Conclusions: The IPOscore platform is a valuable tool for surgical oncologists not only for clinical data management but also as a preventative and predictive healthcare system. Currently, this clinical support tool is being tested at the Portuguese Institute of Oncology (IPO-Porto), and can be accessed online at https://iposcore.org.
In this paper, we report about hydrothermal synthesis, structural characterization and photocatalytic properties of beta-silver molybdate (β-Ag2MoO4) microcrystals obtained at different temperatures ...(100, 120, 140 and 160 °C) for 2 h. These crystals were characterized structurally using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence, Rietveld refinement, micro-Raman (m-Raman) and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopies. Experimental and theoretical band gap values were correlated by ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and periodic first-principles calculations in the framework of density functional theory (DFT) with the B3LYP-D3 hybrid functional. The crystals morphology was observed through field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images. The photocatalytic properties of these crystals were investigated for degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) dye under UV-light. XRD patterns and Rietveld refinement data indicate that all crystals exhibit a spinel-type cubic structure with space group (Fd3′m) formed by tetrahedral MoO4 clusters and distorted octahedral AgO6 clusters. m-Raman spectra exhibited five Raman-active modes in a range from 50 to 1000 cm−1, while FT-IR spectra have three infrared active modes in a range from 400 to 1100 cm−1. The experimental results from Raman and IR modes are in reasonable agreement with theoretically calculated results. Experimental UV–Vis spectra indicate a decrease in optical band gap (Egap = 3.35 eV to 3.32 eV) with the temperature rise. The calculated band structure revealed an indirect optical band gap (Egap) of approximately 3.94 eV. Moreover, theoretical calculations based on density of states and electron density maps were employed to understand the polarization phenomenon induced by structural defects in the β-Ag2MoO4 microcrystals. FE-SEM images revealed that the increase of processing temperatures promotes a change in shape of microcrystals from potatoes-like to coral-like. Finally, photocatalytic measures to degradation of the RhB dye resulted in the best catalytic performance for β-Ag2MoO4 microcrystals synthesized at temperatures of 120 and 140 °C, corresponding to 97.3% and 96.8% in the photodegradation of RhB dye under UV–light up to 2 h. The stability of the β-Ag2MoO4 was investigated by reusing, resulting in f 97.2, 93.9 and 78.8% degradation of the RhB dye for the first, second and third cycle, respectively.
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